Nutrition Exam #1 Kbeis
which of the following are internal factors that influence satiety
-macronutrients -brain chemicals -hormones
rank the relative proportions of the food groups of the mediterranean diet pyramid from smallest (top) to largest (bottom)
meats cheese fish plant
what is the standard seving sie for the dairy group
-1 cup yogurt -1 cup milk -1.5 ounces natural cheese
in the grains group of MyPlate, "1 ounce" is equivalent to
-1/2 cupcooked pasta -1 slice of bread -1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal
According to MyPlate, 1 cup of cooked rice is equivalent to
-2 servings from the grains group
which of the following are functions of the RDA
-A significant deviation (about 70%) below the required RDA for an extended period of time indicates risk deficiency -RDA serves as a standard to compare intake of specific nutrients
Match Phytochemical's and their food sources
-Phytosterols :soybeans -Indoles : broccoli, cabbage, kail -Flavonoids :citrus fruits, onions, apples, grapes, choc -Polyphenols: blueberries, strawberries, raspberries
Allision is planning to follow....
-added sugars -calories
which ethnic group is more likely to develop per tension
-african americans -hispanics
which of the following artificial sweeteners are currently available in the food supply in the eUnited States?
-all except cyclamate
which of the following conditions may be present in a person with metabolic syndrome?
-all except persistent hip pain
which TWO of the following are forms of starch that are digestible by humans?
-amylopectin -amylose
What is the RDA for carbohydrates for adults
40% of total kcal
a serving from the MyPlate vegetable group provides_______grams of carbs
5
a serving from the MyPlate vegetable group provides_____grams of carbs
5
which of the following are fat-soluble vitamins
A, D, E
nutrient intake recommendation set when research is not sufficient to determine RDA
AI
which of the following are wear soluble vitamins
C, b-6, B-12
Bart
Dietary
which of the Dietary Reference Intakes is most pertinent ro weight management
EER
Released by the USDA in 2011.....______... healthy meal
MyPlate
examples of electrolyte
Na, K, Cl
Patients with metabolic syndrome may need to increase which type of fat?
Omega-3 fat
nutrient intake recommendation set to meet the reds of nearly al individuals of a given age and gender
RDA
general goals for nutrient intakes and diet composition set by the United States Department of Agriculture and the US department of Health and Human Services are collectively called
The dietary guidelines for americans
If morgan wants.......
Try different vegetables
highest amount of daily nutrient intakes unlikely to cause adverse health effects
UL
which of the following fall under the umbrella of Dietary Reference Intakes set by the food and nutrition board?
^^^^
___ is a waxy lipid
cholesterol
leading causes of death in the united states
choose all except influenza
Rank the following foods from lowest (top) to highest (bottom) nutrient density for calcium
cottage cheese mozzarella skim orange
soluble fiber____ the absorption of cholesterol and cholesterol-rich bile acids into the blood
decreases
which two health authorities work together to publish the DRA
department of health and human services -United Staes department of Ag
General goals for nutrient intakes and diet composition set by the United States Department of Agriculture and the US department of health and human services are collectively called
dietary guidelines for americans
The adequate intake is based on the
dietary intakes of people that appear to be maintaining nutrition health
what promotes satiety w/out contributing many calories to the diet
eating meals with ow energy density
how can students protect against vitamin and mineral deficiencies that may occur in the vegetarian diet?
eating ready-to-go breakfast cereal
Karen would like to lose 10 pounds....
energy
Most of the fructose consumed in the diet is converted to ______ in the liver
glucose
if no carbs are consumed, the liver's supple of_____ will be depleted within 18 hours
glycogen
which of the following may occur as a result of excessive straining during defecation?
hemorrhoids and diverticula
adhering to MyPlate's consumer health message to "compare......prevent
hypertension
fibers that are not readily dissolved in water and not easily metabolized by intestinal bacteria are called
insoluble fiber
nutrient claims on food packaging
must follow legal definitions
what element do proteins have that carbohydrates lack?
nitrogen
what is a fiber that is not easily metabolized by intestinal bacteria called?
nonfermentable fiber
The many roles of ____ in the body in clue yielding calories to fulfill.....
nutrients
The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing among children who are
obese and sedentary
the principle type of oil recommended by the mediterranean diet pyramid is ____ oil
olive
in insulin resistence, the pancreas produces
plenty of insulin, but the cells cannot use it safely
over nutrition may result from
prolonged consumption of mega doses of vitamins and mineral
if you choose mostly nutrient -dense foods instead of empty calories, you are practicing dietary_____
proportionality
which of the following alternative sweeteners was once believed to cause bladder cancer but since has been proven safe
saccharin
place in order steps of digestion (top to bottom)
salivary enzymes viscous nonfermentable
which type of fiber is fermented by the bacteria in the large intestine?
soluble fiber
the artificial sweetener ____ is considered useful in baking because it resists destruction by heat
sucralose
secondary lactose maldigestion
temporarily decreased production of lactase
what is the maximum chronic daily intake level of nutrient the is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in almost all people in the specific life stage
tolerable upper intake level
____ are essential nutrients that do not yield energy, but participate in many chemical reactions that release energy from macronutrients
vitamins
the dairy group is included in MyPlate to supple rich sources of Calcium. Which of the following food choices fall int this category?
yogurt low-fat milk -soymilk
which of the following are considered good places to find nutrition information?
-Consult with a nutrition expert associated with or trained by a nationally recognized university or medical center -dietary guidelines for americans
MyPlates super tracker can be used to
-compare your intake of calcium to the RDA
which of the following may be used in the creation of a hypothesis
-dietary patterns -historical events -disease patterns
which of the following are suggestion to help consumers make healthful and logical nutrition decisions?
-examine the scientific credentials of the individual of company making a claim -avoid practitioners shoe prescribe unnecessary megadose of nutrients -apply healthy nutrition practices to confirm or disprove claims -read product labels carefully
which dietary factors are linked to leading causes of death in North America
-excess calories -saturated fates -trans fats
how to the relative proportion os the food groups on MyPlate promote decreased risk for cardiovascular disease?
-filling half you plate -consuming -making
which of the following elements of a food label are required by law?
-food manufacturer -health claims -list of ingredients in descending order by weight
which of the following are benefits of high-energydensity foods
-help people with poor appetites -help people gain weight
the MyPlate icon reminds consumers
-how to build a healthy meal -to emphasize plant foods
chronic disease such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes are at least partially attributed to
-overconsumption of sodium_overconsumption of calories
which three of the following contain the highest percentage of calories from carbohydrates
-table sugar -dried fruit -jam
During the clinical assessment of the health professional would
-take blood pressure -search for physical evidence -examine the skin, eyes, and tongue
biochemical assessment of nutritional status involved the measurement of
-the activity of specific blood enzymes -nutrient by-products in the blood, urine, and feces -concentrations of nutrients in the body
which types of fat should be kept to a minimum to help prevent disease of the cardiovascular system?
-trans fat
the dietary guidelines recommend that americans reduce their intake of
-trans fat -saturated fat -sodium
The dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans reduce their intake of
-trans fat -sodium -saturate fat
what are two negative outcomes that have been associated with an excessive intake of sugared soft drinks?
-type 2 diabetes -weight gain
what are some ways that increase the dances of exceeding the tolerable upper intake level?
-use many fortified foods -excessive intakes of limited variety of foods -megadoeses of individual vitamins or minerals
which MyPlate food groups provide many high-fiber foods
-vegetables -fruits -grains
a serving from the dairy group MtPlate provides____ grams of carbs
12
what is the citron for fasting blood glucose above which an individual is diagnosed as diabetic
126 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood
a serving from the grains of MtPlate provides____ grams of carbs
15
A serving from the MyPlate fruit group provides___ grams of carbs
18
What is the adequate intake level for fiber in adult women
25 grams
a medium banana
25%
what percentage of North American show signs of lactose maldigestion
25%
what is adequate intake level fof dietary fiber for men?
38 grams
binge drinking for a male
5 or more drinks in a row
At a cookoout, Marty
6
what percentage of the body is compose of water
60%
The RDAs are meant to cover the nutrient needs of
97-98% of the healthy population
basic premise of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans includes which of the following statements?
All nutrient needs should be met through CONSUMPTION of foods to provide an array of nutrients and non-nutrients that may benefit health
what is the most appropriate definition for Acceptable Daily Intake?
Amount of a sweetener an individual can safely consume daily over a lifetime
what is the abbreviation for the umbrella term that describes all the food and nutrition boards nutrient recommendations
DRI
estimation of calorie needs based on gender , age, height, weight, and physical activity level
EER
which federal agency monitors food and beverage labeling in the US
Food and Drug Aministration
___is the credential tha flags a health professional as the most accurate and reliable source of up to date nutrition advice
RD
Empty Calories
_supply energy, but little to no nutrients -are calories from added sugars -are calories from solid fats
what does the term starch mean
a carb made up of multiple units of glucose attached together in a form the body can digest
Researchers from Cornell university......
a researcher from the university of Illinois who specializes in soybean research but did not collaborate on the study
the main function of vitamins in the body
aid chemical reactions that release energy
the five subgroups that vegetables are organized include
all except blue and purple
Leigh is a registered dietitian....___assesment
environmental
what determines the type of standards sets for nutrients
equality of available evidence
what is used to determine the caloric needs of the average person for a specific weight, age, and gender
estimated energy requirement
when choosing a dieter supplement, avoid those for the recommended dose would
exceed the UL for any nutrients
the most common cause of malnutrition is developed countries is
excess intake of calories
when you do not consume adequate carbohydrates, what other dietary components can be used to supply energy?
fat and protein
a diet excessive in___ may decrease the absorption or essential minerals such as iron and zinc
fiber
nathan was planning to buy strawberries.....
food price
over the past decade, americans have increased their consumption on
frozen vegetables, pasta, and breakfast cereals
what is the difference between a functional fiber and a dietary fiber?
function fiber has been added to foods for its beneficial health effete; dietary fiber is naturally present in foods
The form of carbohydrate circulating in the blood is used for immediate energy is called____ . This can be stored in the liver or muscle for alter use in the form of _____.
glucose, glycogen
why is glycogen an ideal storage of carbohydrate in the body
it has a branched structure tat can be broken dan quickly
arrange following foods according to their energy densities, from lowest energy density (at the top) to the highest energy density (at bottom)
lettuce beans bagels butter
glycogen, the storage form of glucose is stored in the ______ and______
live, muslce
the inability to recognize whole grain products at the time of purchase is on reason for
low fiber intake
_____is a disaccharide important in the formation of alcoholic beverages
maltose
why do nutrition recommendations change?
scientists change their recommendations in light of new research findings
carbohydrates come in two forms
simple and complex
where is the lactase enzyme produced?
small intestine
#1 cause of preventable death
smoking
when biochemical measurements show that nutritional statuses poor, but there are no outward symptoms of a nutritional deficiency, this is termed ______ deficiency
subclinical
what is a hemorrhoid?
swelling of a large vein in the anal region
what would be the benefit of having sugar alcohols instead of sugars in a food product?
the have fewer calories
prior to publishing he results of an experiment,
the results and analysis are peer-reviewed by other subject matter experts
choosing a number of different foods within any given food group rather that eaten the same thing day after day describes a component of a healthful diet known as_____
variety
which of the following help to regulate bodily processes?
water, proteins, some lipids
energy density of a food is determined by comparing the calorie (kcal) content with the ____ of food
weight
which type of fat should be minimized to decrease risk of cardiovascular disease
-Saturated fat -trans fat
which of the following are examples of polysaccharides?
-amylopectin -amylose -cellulose
Some standard -size objects can be used as convenient ways to estimate portion sizes. Match the following objects to a comparable portion of food
-baseball:cup -deck of cards: 3oz of meat, fish, poultry -tennis ball: 1/2 cup -golf ball:2 tablespoons
which product would fulfill the FDA definition for low-fat nutrient claim?
-bread that contains 0 grams of fat per serving -cereal that contains less than 1.5 grams of fat per serving
Sugar alcohols are used in
-breathe mints -gum -candy
which of the following actions help in the digestion of carbs
-chewing -cooking
daily values for____ represent the maximum level, not a goal one should strive to reach
-cholesterol -fat
Switching from whole to skim or 1% milk will reduce intake of
-cholesterol -saturated fat -calories
which of the following diet choices will help you comply with the dietary guidelines key recommendation to avoid too much fat, usage, and sodium
-choose foods and bevereages low in added sugars -use the nutrition label to keep saturate fats, trans fats, and sodium low -make most of your fa sources from fish, nuts, and vegetable oils
nutrient deficiencies are difficult to diagnose because of
-clinical evidence of nutrient deficiencies may be delayed -people with nutrient deficiencies may not have visible symptoms
Which of the following are considered to be sins of alcohol poisoning
-cold, clammy, pale skin -strong odor of alcohol -slow respirations of 8 or fewer breathes per minute -semi-consciousness
the Dietary guidelines urge americans to
-consume 3 or more ounces per day of whole grains -limit intake of added sugars
the 2010 edition of the Dietary Guidelines advises Americans to
-consume more fruits and vegetables -consume less sodium -balance calories with physical activity
a healthful diet plan consists of which of the following
-consuming variety of foods -consuming foods in moderation -Balancing calorie intake with physical activity -selecting foods from each food group
list the events prior to the publishing of experimental results in scientific journals
-critical review by other subject matter experts -subject matter experts ensure objective research findings are published
healthy people 2020
-decrease sodium intake -reduce iron deficient in women -increase consumption of whole grains
which three of the following contain the highest percentage of calories from carbs?
-dried fruit -table sugar -jam
clinical symptoms of nutrition defiiency
-enable -subclinical
nutritionally similar to table sugar, honey contains
-glucose -fructose
in Canada...
-health canada -Agriculture and Agrifoods
in which of the following "cause of death" does diet play a role?
-heart disease -diabetes -hypertension -kidney disease
which type of research provides the most convincing evidence about relationships between nutrients and health
-human experiments
the combination of a very high fiber intake (>60 grams per day) and low fluid intake can lead to
-intestinal blockages -constipation
When cells are deprived of glucose, ..... ketones in the blood lead to
-ion imbalance -dehydration -coma
which of the following are features of MyPlate?
-it directs consumers to many useful online tools for meal planning -it shows the proportions of food groups to be eaten at a meal -foods are categorized into 5 groups
Why is the daily % value of protein omitted?
-it would be necessary -Protein is not a public...
which of the following foods contain the greatest % of simple carbs
-jelly
Which of the following foods are useful for managing blood glucose levels
-kidney beans -apples -oatmeal
Shade is lactose intolerant
-lactase-treated milk -calcium-fortified soy milk -dark green leafy vegetables
chemical reactions help release the energy trapped in
-lipids -carbohydrates -proteins
Following the consumer health messages linked to MyPlate such as "Make half your plate fruits and vegetables" and "drink water instead of sugary drink" would
-lower risk of chronic disease -improve the nutrient density of the diet -help with weight management
The estimated energy requirements are formulated to
-match the energy use of an average person -avoid long-term weight gain -be more specific than RDA or AI
patients who experience react hypoglycemia may benefit from eating
-meals with mix of macronutrients -meals on a regular schedule
which of the following are drawbacks of using the assessment of body composition to determine nutrition status?
-more expensive assessment is requirement for confirmation -does not offer in-depth examination
which of the following are key recommendations of the DRA to fat intake
-most fats should come from plant oils -consume less that 300 milligrams of cholesterol per dat_reduce the intake of calories from solid fats
Digestion of carbohydrates by human enzymes takes place in which sections of the gastrointestinal tract?
-mouth -small intestine
nutrient claims on food labels
-must follow legal definitions -can be quantified -are very specific
which is important to know about the various for groups and good nutrition
-no one food group provides all essential nutrients in adequate amounts -each food group makes an important, distinctive contrition to nutritional intake
which of the following nutritional states lead to poor health?
-overnutrition -undernutrition
why is the mediterranean diet pyramid highly recommended as a diet planing tool?
-people in that area of the world have the highest adult life expectancy -people in that area of the world have the lowest rates of chronic diseases
compared to the 2005 Dietary guidelines for americans, the dietary guidelines for americans, 210___ on weight management
-place greater emphasis
which of the following are appropriate uses of Dietary Reference Intakes
-planning diet for weight loss -assessing the nutrient intakes of a population -planninga diet to meet nutrient needs
which of the following are sources of starch in the diet
-potatoes -pasta -whole wheat bread
sugar alcohols are advantageous in foot because they
-provide fewer calories -do not promote dental carries -are more slowly metablozd than sugar
benefits of minimizing alcohol intake
-reduced risk of accidents, -reduced risk of livers disease
lipids are involved in which major functions of nutrients?
-regulating body processes -providing energy -promoting growth and development and maintaining body tissues
the calorie contribution recommended for fats by the mediterranean diet pyramid includes
-saturated fat less that 7-8% -saturate fat no more that a few times a week -total fat from less tat 25-35% of total energy
which of the following occur after the completion of an experiment?
-scientists summarize findings -scientists seek to publish the results in scientific journals -scientists figure out if the findings support or disprove hypothesis
viscous fiber helps regulate blood glucose by
-slowing absorption of glucose from the small intestine
Examples of nutrient Dense foods
-strawberries -fat-free milk -whole-grain cereal
empty calories
-supply energy but little to no nutrients -
which of the following ties of dietary fibers are viscous?
all except cellulose
which are try about cellulose?
all except easily digestible
glycemic index is influenced by which of the following
all except fluid intake
which of the following dietary components help to moderate swings in blood glucose
all except refined grains
which of the following are easy ways to increase you dietary fiber intakes to meet the Ais?
all except white rice
which of the following influence glycemic index?
all excepts fluid content
name the lon, straight chain type of starch that makes up about 20% of digestible starch
amylose
Amylase is
an enzyme
weight, skin fold thickness and body circumference are measures of
anthropometric data
which artifificail sweetener in known by its trade names "nutrasweet" and "Equal?"
aspartme
which of the following is a sugar alcohol?
aspartme
which of the nutrients does not promote growth, development and maintaining of body tissues?
carbohydrates
Variety means
choosing foods from various food groups -choosing different foods within a given food group
primary lactose maldigestion
chronically decreased production of lactose with no apparent cause
which MyPlate food group has the highest starch content?
grains
what are structurally simple, inorganic substances which exists as groups of one or more of the same atoms?
minerals
estimated energy requirements are _____RDAs orAIs
more specific than
the RDA of 130 grams per day of carbohydrates is set to
provide adequate glucose for the rain and nervous system
which of the following sources of protein is also rich in vitamin E, magnesium, and fiber?
red kidney beans
which of the following are benefits of including some insoluble fiber in the diet>
reduces transit time of feces -reduces constipation
lactose intolerance
chronically decreased
which are examples of polysaccharides
-amylose -cellulose -amyopectin
namely the highly branched type of starch that comprises about 80% of digestible starch i the diet
amylopectin
Vegetables, beans, breads, pasta, and rice are common food sources of
amylose
A____ is a term used in discussing aspects such as heredity, lifestyle and nutritional choices that contribute to development of diseases
risk factors
Whole milk contains enough calcium to reduce the risk of osteoporosis but this claim connote be made on the package because of the high ______ fat content
saturated
