Nutrition Final
Your cousin Emily is a vegetarian. Since you have just learned in your nutrition class that nonheme iron is absorbed less efficiently than heme iron, you want to make sure Emily is getting enough iron. What should recommend Emily do to maximize her iron absorption?
Eat her nonheme iron sources with a glass of orange juice
Jenny is 34 years old and has a BMI of 28. Her body type could be described as "pear-like." John is 55 years old with a BMI of 28, and a body type that is "apple-like." Why is John more likely than Jenny to be at risk for degenerative diseases?
He has central obesity
Which of the following is a major function of chloride? Protects bone structures against degeneration Participates in wound healing Helps maintain gastric acidity Acts as principal intracellular electrolye
Helps maintain gastric acidity
A person who exhibits a physiological need to eat is most likely experiencing the sensation of
Hunger
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent
Hypertension
As far as is known, what hormone is dependent upon chromium for optimal activity?
Insulin
A feature of catabolic reactions is that they
Involve release of energy
Goiter is caused primarily by a deficiency of
Iodine
Ben is worried that his family history of heart disease and his BMI of 28 are putting him at very high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. What would a clinician advise Ben to help lower his risk?
Lose weight as it can lower both blood cholesterol and blood pressure
All of the following are known to reduce the absorption of iron EXCEPT MFP factor phytates soybean protein tannic acid in tea
MFP Factor
Which of the following represents the most reliable dietary source of zinc? Fruits and veggies Nuts and oils Meats and whole-grain cereals Milk and yogurt
Meats and whole-grain cereals
Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells? Absorption Catabolism Metabolism Digestion
Metabolism
If a dancer and a typist are the same height and have the exact same body build, the dancer will be heavier because she has
More muscle mass
Certain green leafy veggies have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of
Naturally occuring binders
External cues that may cause an obese person to respond to food typically include all of the following EXCEPT Availability of food Outdoor exercises TV commercials "Time of day" patterns
Outdoor exercise
Which of the following minerals is LEAST likely to be deficient in anyone's diet? Phosphorus Iron Chromium Calcium
Phoshorus
Which of the following foods provides the greatest amount of iron per serving? Pinto beans Yogurt Skim milk American Cheese
Pinto Beans
What is the major cause of iron deficiency?
Poor nutrition
What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?
Processed foods
All of the following are features of potassium in nutrition EXCEPT High intakes may protect against stroke Per serving size, bananas are a rich source Processed foods are a major course Per serving size, legumes are a rich source
Processed foods are a major source
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to
Provide rigidity for the bones and teeth
The feeling of satisfaction resulting from consumption of a meal is termed
Satiety
Which of the following does NOT serve as a major regulator of fluid balance in the body?
Calcium
Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium? Certain green veggies Enriched grains Fruits Breads
Certain green veggies
A person is at high risks for signs of illness and diminished work capacity when the BMI first drops below
17
A person's highest bone density is achieved by around age
30
A high risk of weight-related health problems is seen in women whose waist circumference begins to exceed
35 inches
About how long does it take for a meal to be completely eliminated from the stomach?
4 hours
For every decade beyond the age of 30, what is the percentage decrease in the need for total kcalories?
5%
Approximately what percentage of weight loss during starvation is lean body mass?
50
What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?
ATP
In what region of the body is the storage of excess body fat associated with the highest risks for cardiovascular disease and diabetes?
Abdomen
Which of the following is NOT among the common food sources of potassium? Orange Juice Cheeses Fresh Fruits Potatoes
Cheeses
Which of the following is NOT a general feature of the trace minerals? They are rarely found in dietary supplements Most are toxic at only 2-7 times the requirements The amounts contained in supplements are free from regulation by the FDA Mild deficiencies are easy to overlook
They are rarely found in dietary supplements
What is the body's most indispensable nutrient?
Water
After consuming a very large meal, the desire to eat a slice of chocolate cake is an example of behavior known as
Appetite