Nutrition Final

Your cousin Emily is a vegetarian. Since you have just learned in your nutrition class that nonheme iron is absorbed less efficiently than heme iron, you want to make sure Emily is getting enough iron. What should recommend Emily do to maximize her iron absorption?

Eat her nonheme iron sources with a glass of orange juice

Jenny is 34 years old and has a BMI of 28. Her body type could be described as "pear-like." John is 55 years old with a BMI of 28, and a body type that is "apple-like." Why is John more likely than Jenny to be at risk for degenerative diseases?

He has central obesity

Which of the following is a major function of chloride? Protects bone structures against degeneration Participates in wound healing Helps maintain gastric acidity Acts as principal intracellular electrolye

Helps maintain gastric acidity

A person who exhibits a physiological need to eat is most likely experiencing the sensation of

Hunger

The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent

Hypertension

As far as is known, what hormone is dependent upon chromium for optimal activity?

Insulin

A feature of catabolic reactions is that they

Involve release of energy

Goiter is caused primarily by a deficiency of

Iodine

Ben is worried that his family history of heart disease and his BMI of 28 are putting him at very high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. What would a clinician advise Ben to help lower his risk?

Lose weight as it can lower both blood cholesterol and blood pressure

All of the following are known to reduce the absorption of iron EXCEPT MFP factor phytates soybean protein tannic acid in tea

MFP Factor

Which of the following represents the most reliable dietary source of zinc? Fruits and veggies Nuts and oils Meats and whole-grain cereals Milk and yogurt

Meats and whole-grain cereals

Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells? Absorption Catabolism Metabolism Digestion

Metabolism

If a dancer and a typist are the same height and have the exact same body build, the dancer will be heavier because she has

More muscle mass

Certain green leafy veggies have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of

Naturally occuring binders

External cues that may cause an obese person to respond to food typically include all of the following EXCEPT Availability of food Outdoor exercises TV commercials "Time of day" patterns

Outdoor exercise

Which of the following minerals is LEAST likely to be deficient in anyone's diet? Phosphorus Iron Chromium Calcium

Phoshorus

Which of the following foods provides the greatest amount of iron per serving? Pinto beans Yogurt Skim milk American Cheese

Pinto Beans

What is the major cause of iron deficiency?

Poor nutrition

What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?

Processed foods

All of the following are features of potassium in nutrition EXCEPT High intakes may protect against stroke Per serving size, bananas are a rich source Processed foods are a major course Per serving size, legumes are a rich source

Processed foods are a major source

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to

Provide rigidity for the bones and teeth

The feeling of satisfaction resulting from consumption of a meal is termed

Satiety

Which of the following does NOT serve as a major regulator of fluid balance in the body?

Calcium

Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium? Certain green veggies Enriched grains Fruits Breads

Certain green veggies

A person is at high risks for signs of illness and diminished work capacity when the BMI first drops below

17

A person's highest bone density is achieved by around age

30

A high risk of weight-related health problems is seen in women whose waist circumference begins to exceed

35 inches

About how long does it take for a meal to be completely eliminated from the stomach?

4 hours

For every decade beyond the age of 30, what is the percentage decrease in the need for total kcalories?

5%

Approximately what percentage of weight loss during starvation is lean body mass?

50

What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?

ATP

In what region of the body is the storage of excess body fat associated with the highest risks for cardiovascular disease and diabetes?

Abdomen

Which of the following is NOT among the common food sources of potassium? Orange Juice Cheeses Fresh Fruits Potatoes

Cheeses

Which of the following is NOT a general feature of the trace minerals? They are rarely found in dietary supplements Most are toxic at only 2-7 times the requirements The amounts contained in supplements are free from regulation by the FDA Mild deficiencies are easy to overlook

They are rarely found in dietary supplements

What is the body's most indispensable nutrient?

Water

After consuming a very large meal, the desire to eat a slice of chocolate cake is an example of behavior known as

Appetite