Nutrition Final Exam
When vitamin B-1 is consumed in excess of needs, how does the body treat the excess
Excesses are excreted primarily in the urine
Baby bottles can be safely reheated in the microwave oven
False
What is the rationale for the fat cell theory of obesity
Fat cell number increases most readily in the late childhood and early puberty
Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria
K
The amount of a nutrient that needs of about 98% of the population is termed the
Recommended Dietary Allowance
A deficiency of what vitamin produces a characteristic cracking and redness at the corners of the mouth
Riboflavin
How much energy is required to raise the temperature of one liter of water 1 degree celsius
1 kilocalorie
The Dietary Guidelines suggests that we have no more than ______ % of total daily energy intake from added sugars
10
Which of the following is considered a reasonable rate (not too fast but not exceedingly slow) of weight loss for an overweight person
10% of body weight over 6 months
Approximately how many pounds of added sugars are consumed by the average U.S. resident each year
105
As a general rule, what minimum number of calories per day is necessary to assure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight
1200
What would be the approximate weight gain of a person who consumes an excess of 250 calories daily
2lbs
The American Heart Association and other health agencies advocate the limiting of dietary fat intake to no more than about __________
30%
If a diet contains 1800 calories and 70 grams of fat, what is the approximate percentage of the total calories provided by fat?
35%
Among other things, a pregnant woman needs _________
4 glasses of milk per day
One gram of carbohydrate, one gram of fat, and one gram of protein yell ____, ____, and ____
4, 9, 4
An infant should begin eating strained solid foods between
4-6 months
To lose one pound of body fat per week, a person must reduce intake by ____ calories per day less than the energy expended
500
What is the role of a control group in an experiment
A control group serves as a basis of comparison with the experimental group
Which of the following represents the usual sequence of stages in the development of a nutrient deficiency resulting from inadequate intake
declining nutrient stores, abnormal functions within the body, overt signs
Physical inactivity is linked to all of the following diseases except
emphysema
What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow
epiglottis
Gram for gram, which of the following provides the most energy
fats
Anorexia nervosa is most common in
female adolescents
A lack of this nutrient during pregnancy has been shown to increase the risk of spina bifida and similar birth defects
folacin
To obtain the necessary potassium lost during exercise, the athlete should emphasize the _________ group
fruit/vegetable
Which of the following is a feature of niacin nutrition
high doses may lower cholesterol
Which of the following is a general feature of the sugar alcohols
they inhibit the growth of caries-causing bacteria
Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of _______
thiamin
Which of the following is not an advantage to a vegetarian diet
vitamin B12 intake is higher
Which of the following is not an energy-yielding food component
vitamins
What nutrient depleted the most rapidly during physical exercise and needs replaced during exercise when possible
water
When conducting a nutrition assessment, anthropometric data includes
weighing a person
The omega 3 fatty acids
inhibit blood clotting
Vitamin B12 requires an _________ for absorption from the intestinal tract into the bloodstream
intrinsic factor
Vitamin B12 requires an __________ for absorption from the intestinal tract into the bloodstream
intrinsic factor
What is the primary action of benzocaine, found in certain candy and gum and used as an over-the-counter weight loss aid
it reduces taste sensations
Which of the following is used to determine the presence of abnormal functions inside the body due to a nutrient deficiency
laboratory tests
A tissue deprived of an oxygen supply during exercise would have an accumulation of _______
lactic acid
The major carbohydrate in milk is called __________
lactose
Which of the following is not included in the measurement of basal metabolic rate
large muscle activity
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient
linoleic acid
What is the substance that protects the stomach walls from digestion
mucus
What population group has the highest risk for Vitamin K deficiency
newborns
Vitamin A supplements would be most helpful in treating
night blindness
All of the following are good sources of vitamin A except
pears
What vitamin deficiency disease appeared in people who had subsisted on a diet high in corn and low in protein
pellegra
The contents of the GI tract are moved along by the process of _______
peristalsis
Diets high in soft drinks can be bad for the bones due to their excessive __________ content
phosphorus
When nitrogen taken into the body exceeds nitrogen losses, we say the person is in __________
positive nitrogen balance
There is evidence for benefits of Vitamin E supplements in which of the following groups
premature infants
About 75% of the sodium in the American diet comes from
processed foods
Which of the following is not added to enriched grain products today
pyridoxine
What is the difference between satiation and satiety
satiation occurs during a meal; satiety occurs after a meal
To prevent heartburn, meals of the pregnant woman should be
smaller and more frequent to decrease stomach contents
Which of the following is not a function of water in the body
source of energy
Which of these plan products has the highest quality protein
soybean
The difference between cis- and trans- fatty acids is
the configuration around the double bond
What fraction of the day's energy expenditure of the average person is represented by the basal metabolism
about 2/3
Although dairy products are probably the best source of dietary calcium in the American diet, the following foods are considered "good" sources:
all of the above
What is the major factor that determines the metabolic rate
amount of lean body tissue
Conditions associated with zinc deficiency include of the following except
anemia
The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a
antioxidant
Persons with PKU should avoid which of the following sugar alternatives
aspartame
If a person consumed a fiber supplement containing 500mg of fiber, he/she would
be adding an insignificant amount of fiber to the diet
Which of the following does not describe a function of fat
best source of energy for the brain
Which of the following symptoms is indicative of a deficiency of vitamin C
bleeding gums and pinpoint hemorrhages
The components of fitness include all of the following except
bone fragility
Which of the following would be a very good source of vitamin C for the lax-ovo-vegetarian
broccoli
Iron bioavailability from complete meals is known to be affected by each of the following substances except
caffeine
Iron bioavailability from complete meals is known to be affected significantly by each of the following substances except
caffeine
Which of the following is a characteristic of an essential nutrient
cannot be made in sufficient quantities in the body
What dietary nutrients are most effective at raising muscle glycogen concentrations
carbohydrates
Salt-sensitive populations groups include all of the following except
caucasians
The recommended sequence for introduction of strained foods to an infant is
cereal, vegetables, fruits, and meats
All of the following are minimum requirements for becoming a Registered Dietician except
completing a three-week clinical internship
The feeling of satiety from weight-loss diets is best promoted by diets rich in
complex carbohydrates
All of the following are symptoms of lactose intolerance except
constipation
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months
true
Riboflavin is most easily destroyed when exposed to
ultraviolet light
Which of these provides the best source of trace minerals
unprocessed foods
Hydrogenation is a commercial process whereby
unsaturated fats become saturated
Food label ingredient list reads: Wheal flour, vegetable shortening, sugar, salt, and cornstarch. What item would be the lowest amount in a food
cornstarch
A child that has been forced to eat a food will likely develop a preference for it
false
One cannot really give a child too much juice or milk
false
Under which of the following conditions has Vitamin C supplementation proven to be an effective therapy
healing after surgery
A BMI of 22 is considered
healthy
Which of the following is a proven ergogenic aid for the athlete
none of these
What is the weight classification assigned both to young women with 30# body fat and young men with 20% body fat
normal
A substance that provides energy to the body and is used by the body with structural materials that are used in growth, maintenance and
nutrient
According to the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, alcohol should be
totally avoided by some persons
Which of the following is not a desirable level for a blood lipid
triglycerides under 300mg/dl
Breast fed infants have lower incidences of infection, illness, and allergy than do bottle-fed infants
true
Breast milk may be pumped and safely refrigerated for up to 24 hours
true