Nutrition Final Exam

When vitamin B-1 is consumed in excess of needs, how does the body treat the excess

Excesses are excreted primarily in the urine

Baby bottles can be safely reheated in the microwave oven

False

What is the rationale for the fat cell theory of obesity

Fat cell number increases most readily in the late childhood and early puberty

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria

K

The amount of a nutrient that needs of about 98% of the population is termed the

Recommended Dietary Allowance

A deficiency of what vitamin produces a characteristic cracking and redness at the corners of the mouth

Riboflavin

How much energy is required to raise the temperature of one liter of water 1 degree celsius

1 kilocalorie

The Dietary Guidelines suggests that we have no more than ______ % of total daily energy intake from added sugars

10

Which of the following is considered a reasonable rate (not too fast but not exceedingly slow) of weight loss for an overweight person

10% of body weight over 6 months

Approximately how many pounds of added sugars are consumed by the average U.S. resident each year

105

As a general rule, what minimum number of calories per day is necessary to assure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight

1200

What would be the approximate weight gain of a person who consumes an excess of 250 calories daily

2lbs

The American Heart Association and other health agencies advocate the limiting of dietary fat intake to no more than about __________

30%

If a diet contains 1800 calories and 70 grams of fat, what is the approximate percentage of the total calories provided by fat?

35%

Among other things, a pregnant woman needs _________

4 glasses of milk per day

One gram of carbohydrate, one gram of fat, and one gram of protein yell ____, ____, and ____

4, 9, 4

An infant should begin eating strained solid foods between

4-6 months

To lose one pound of body fat per week, a person must reduce intake by ____ calories per day less than the energy expended

500

What is the role of a control group in an experiment

A control group serves as a basis of comparison with the experimental group

Which of the following represents the usual sequence of stages in the development of a nutrient deficiency resulting from inadequate intake

declining nutrient stores, abnormal functions within the body, overt signs

Physical inactivity is linked to all of the following diseases except

emphysema

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow

epiglottis

Gram for gram, which of the following provides the most energy

fats

Anorexia nervosa is most common in

female adolescents

A lack of this nutrient during pregnancy has been shown to increase the risk of spina bifida and similar birth defects

folacin

To obtain the necessary potassium lost during exercise, the athlete should emphasize the _________ group

fruit/vegetable

Which of the following is a feature of niacin nutrition

high doses may lower cholesterol

Which of the following is a general feature of the sugar alcohols

they inhibit the growth of caries-causing bacteria

Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of _______

thiamin

Which of the following is not an advantage to a vegetarian diet

vitamin B12 intake is higher

Which of the following is not an energy-yielding food component

vitamins

What nutrient depleted the most rapidly during physical exercise and needs replaced during exercise when possible

water

When conducting a nutrition assessment, anthropometric data includes

weighing a person

The omega 3 fatty acids

inhibit blood clotting

Vitamin B12 requires an _________ for absorption from the intestinal tract into the bloodstream

intrinsic factor

Vitamin B12 requires an __________ for absorption from the intestinal tract into the bloodstream

intrinsic factor

What is the primary action of benzocaine, found in certain candy and gum and used as an over-the-counter weight loss aid

it reduces taste sensations

Which of the following is used to determine the presence of abnormal functions inside the body due to a nutrient deficiency

laboratory tests

A tissue deprived of an oxygen supply during exercise would have an accumulation of _______

lactic acid

The major carbohydrate in milk is called __________

lactose

Which of the following is not included in the measurement of basal metabolic rate

large muscle activity

Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient

linoleic acid

What is the substance that protects the stomach walls from digestion

mucus

What population group has the highest risk for Vitamin K deficiency

newborns

Vitamin A supplements would be most helpful in treating

night blindness

All of the following are good sources of vitamin A except

pears

What vitamin deficiency disease appeared in people who had subsisted on a diet high in corn and low in protein

pellegra

The contents of the GI tract are moved along by the process of _______

peristalsis

Diets high in soft drinks can be bad for the bones due to their excessive __________ content

phosphorus

When nitrogen taken into the body exceeds nitrogen losses, we say the person is in __________

positive nitrogen balance

There is evidence for benefits of Vitamin E supplements in which of the following groups

premature infants

About 75% of the sodium in the American diet comes from

processed foods

Which of the following is not added to enriched grain products today

pyridoxine

What is the difference between satiation and satiety

satiation occurs during a meal; satiety occurs after a meal

To prevent heartburn, meals of the pregnant woman should be

smaller and more frequent to decrease stomach contents

Which of the following is not a function of water in the body

source of energy

Which of these plan products has the highest quality protein

soybean

The difference between cis- and trans- fatty acids is

the configuration around the double bond

What fraction of the day's energy expenditure of the average person is represented by the basal metabolism

about 2/3

Although dairy products are probably the best source of dietary calcium in the American diet, the following foods are considered "good" sources:

all of the above

What is the major factor that determines the metabolic rate

amount of lean body tissue

Conditions associated with zinc deficiency include of the following except

anemia

The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a

antioxidant

Persons with PKU should avoid which of the following sugar alternatives

aspartame

If a person consumed a fiber supplement containing 500mg of fiber, he/she would

be adding an insignificant amount of fiber to the diet

Which of the following does not describe a function of fat

best source of energy for the brain

Which of the following symptoms is indicative of a deficiency of vitamin C

bleeding gums and pinpoint hemorrhages

The components of fitness include all of the following except

bone fragility

Which of the following would be a very good source of vitamin C for the lax-ovo-vegetarian

broccoli

Iron bioavailability from complete meals is known to be affected by each of the following substances except

caffeine

Iron bioavailability from complete meals is known to be affected significantly by each of the following substances except

caffeine

Which of the following is a characteristic of an essential nutrient

cannot be made in sufficient quantities in the body

What dietary nutrients are most effective at raising muscle glycogen concentrations

carbohydrates

Salt-sensitive populations groups include all of the following except

caucasians

The recommended sequence for introduction of strained foods to an infant is

cereal, vegetables, fruits, and meats

All of the following are minimum requirements for becoming a Registered Dietician except

completing a three-week clinical internship

The feeling of satiety from weight-loss diets is best promoted by diets rich in

complex carbohydrates

All of the following are symptoms of lactose intolerance except

constipation

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months

true

Riboflavin is most easily destroyed when exposed to

ultraviolet light

Which of these provides the best source of trace minerals

unprocessed foods

Hydrogenation is a commercial process whereby

unsaturated fats become saturated

Food label ingredient list reads: Wheal flour, vegetable shortening, sugar, salt, and cornstarch. What item would be the lowest amount in a food

cornstarch

A child that has been forced to eat a food will likely develop a preference for it

false

One cannot really give a child too much juice or milk

false

Under which of the following conditions has Vitamin C supplementation proven to be an effective therapy

healing after surgery

A BMI of 22 is considered

healthy

Which of the following is a proven ergogenic aid for the athlete

none of these

What is the weight classification assigned both to young women with 30# body fat and young men with 20% body fat

normal

A substance that provides energy to the body and is used by the body with structural materials that are used in growth, maintenance and

nutrient

According to the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, alcohol should be

totally avoided by some persons

Which of the following is not a desirable level for a blood lipid

triglycerides under 300mg/dl

Breast fed infants have lower incidences of infection, illness, and allergy than do bottle-fed infants

true

Breast milk may be pumped and safely refrigerated for up to 24 hours

true