Nutrition Midterm ch 1-6

The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product, because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said, ________. "According to the FDA, this product is classified a dietary supplement, because it contains vitamins" "All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven" "This product contains sugar and certain artificial color and flavor additives" "The ingredients in this product are listed on the label"

"All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven"

One day, Hillary consumed a handful of peanuts, a bowl of chocolate pudding, a sugar-sweetened soft drink, and three hard-cooked eggs. Which of these foods contains a lot of empty calories and is not a member of one of the USDA's major food groups? Chocolate pudding Soft drink Peanuts Eggs

Soft drink

Identify foods that are considered starches. Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch? White rice Egg yolk Fresh chicken Raw shrimp

White rice

The substance that has the potential to protect a person's cells from being damaged or destroyed by certain harmful factors is a (an)

antioxidant

What would you tell a female patient, who was trying to get pregnant, about alcohol? Women who are trying to become pregnant or are pregnant should ________. limit their alcohol consumption to beer mix distilled alcohol with fruit juice before consuming it avoid all forms of alcohol drink alcohol only with meals

avoid all forms of alcohol

What is the smallest living, functional unit in an organism? The ____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism. cell atom mitochondrion organelle

cell

Jeremy would like to know the amount of vitamin C that is recommended for his life/stage group. He can obtain this information by checking the RDA table for vitamin C. reading Nutrition Facts panels to determine the %DV for vitamin C. checking an Exchange List for vitamin C intake recommendations. reading the ingredients' list on a food label.

checking the RDA table for vitamin C.

What does the body do with excess starch and sugar that is ingested? If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be converted to proteins that are metabolized for energy. metabolized to form urea and excreted by the kidneys. eliminated in feces. converted into fat and stored.

converted into fat and stored.

List consequences experienced by a newborn when a pregnant mother is undernourished.

deliver a baby who has breathing difficulties,

Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? purdue.edu dietsnomore4u.com eatright.org choosemyplate.gov

dietsnomore4u.com

What is a dietary supplement? Name several of them.

ex.) ginkgo biloba

Fructose is a sugar. Which of the following substances is a simple sugar? Starch Lignin Fructose Glycogen

fructose

What are the three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans? The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are glucose, galactose, and mannose. fructose, lactose, and hexose monophosphate. galactose, glucose, and fructose. maltose, ribose, and galactose.

galactose, glucose, and fructose.

Katie is pregnant. She has type 1 diabetes and often has difficulty controlling her blood glucose level. Based on this information, Katie is likely to give birth to a baby that has birth defects. have a lower risk of gestational hypertension. require more vitamin D, calcium, and iron than a pregnant woman who does not have diabetes. require more glucagon than she needed before becoming pregnant.

give birth to a baby that has birth defects.

The starch in rice and potatoes is composed of _____ molecules. glycogen polysaccharide fructose glucose

glucose

What is the purpose of lipids in the body? In the body, certain lipids ________. are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber help maintain cell membranes stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals contribute to proper body hydration

help maintain cell membranes

Betty has type 2 diabetes, and she has difficulty keeping her fasting blood glucose level under 180 mg/dl. Based on this information, Betty has a high risk of kidney failure. cystic fibrosis. irritable bowel syndrome. lactose intolerance

kidney failure.

Which disaccharide is found in milk? Lactose is the disaccharide in liver. milk. sugar. grapes.

lactose-milk

Explain ways to treat irritable bowel syndrome. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and ________. learning ways to manage stress effectively moving to a drier climate having the lower third of the colon removed reducing physical activity

learning ways to manage stress effectively

What is an empty-calorie food? Identify several.

lite beer, sugar-sweetened beverage

According to Shawn's physician, Shawn has a high risk of _____ because his waist circumference is 42 inches, his blood pressure consistently measures 140 mm Hg/90 mm Hg, and his fasting blood glucose level is 110 mg/dl. metabolic syndrome cystic fibrosis diverticulitis constipation

metabolic syndrome

How do we obtain essential nutrients?

must be supplied by the diet

What do adipose cells do? Adipose cells ________. store triglycerides secrete insulin metabolize glycogen transport cholesterol away from other cells

store triglycerides

The primary function of an adipose cell is ________. storing fat making insulin metabolizing glycogen transporting cholesterol within tissues

storing fat

How have Americans changed their consumption of the food groups?

Americans consumed more chicken and cheese in 2010 than in 1970

__ is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells. Anatomy Chyme Metabolism Homeostasis

Define "metabolism"

Which governmental office is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications in the United States?

FDA

What disease or condition is the leading cause of diet-related death in the United States?

Heart disease

A physician who hosts a popular TV show makes several nutrition-related claims during one of the programs. Which of the doctor's claims is a "red flag" of unreliable information? Kava cures migraine headaches. The "placebo effect" often occurs in controlled studies involving human subjects. Niacin cures pellagra. Not all doctors are nutrition experts.

Kava cures migraine headaches.

You are planning a party for a group of college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the Jewish, Islamic, and Mormon religions. Which of the following menu items would be acceptable to everyone at the party? Crackers topped with slices of smoked ham Cheeseburgers Meatless bean dip Beer

Meatless bean dip

Describe the function of the digestive system A primary function of the digestive system is the ________. production of red blood cells transmission of nervous impulses destruction of toxic metabolic by-products breakdown of food into nutrients

breakdown of food into nutrients

If you are trying to lower your blood cholesterol level, what should you limit in your diet? Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of ________. whole grain products nuts and seeds butter and beef fruit juices

butter and beef

A team of scientists extracts a chemical that they call "Zombia" from the leaves of a common houseplant. One of the scientists would like to market Zombia as a dietary supplement because it makes people sleepy, when it is injected into them. Based on this information, Zombia ________. cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement can be marketed as a dietary supplement because it is from a plant cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement because its source is widespread in nature can be marketed as a dietary supplement, but only if it is promoted as a conventional food item

cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement

Hillary consumed 3 servings of an orange-flavored sugar-sweetened soft drink that provided 140 kcal/serving. This amount of the beverage substitutes for 3 eating fresh oranges. provides a nutrient-dense source of a watery fluid. is nutritionally equivalent to 3 cups of orange juice. should be considered a source of empty calories.

should be considered a source of empty calories.