nutrition230

EXPLAIN how whole grains and refined grains differ...and what it means for grains to be "enriched."

A WHOLE grain is just that --- the WHOLE grain. The "whole amount" of every part of the grain is present. So if I take a whole stalk of wheat and grind it up as is, I have whole wheat flour. Therefore, if I made bread with it, the bread would be labeled "100% WHOLE wheat." If I REFINE the grain, it means I have removed some component(s). Maybe I take away the outer husk, which contains the bran (which is the fiber in the grain). Maybe I remove the germ, where most vitamins & minerals are located. Refinement means that the grains now lacks valuable components important to good health. WHEAT is a term that indicates something has been refined. If the word "WHOLE" is not present, then the whole grain is not present. Some terms that indicate a refined grain: WHEAT / MULTIGRAIN / 9 GRAIN / HONEY WHEAT Enriched means something has been added to a grain to make up for something having been removed during the refinement process. As per your book, "enrichment replaces some, but not all, of the nutrients that were lost during refinement."

Registered Dietitian

A _______________(2 words are fine -- 3rd word is not necessary) is a college-trained health care professional who has extensive knowledge of foods,

empty-calorie

A food that supplies many calories (i.e., high in fat, sugar, and/or alcohol) while providing few vitamins and minerals is called a(n)______________food.

Testimonial

A personal endorsement of a product

Chemicals

A substance produced by or used in a chemical process is called a ___________________. A chemical process is a method or means of somehow changing one or more chemicals or chemical compounds. Nutrients are thus _________________ utilized within the body to support life through chemical processes that change those nutrients into new substances that provide for all the bodily functions that support human life...hence the science of nutrition of all about BIOCHEMISTRY.

balance

A_________ between physical activity and caloric intake will help to maintain a healthy weight.

First Amendment

Allows people to provide nutrition information that is not true

cells

As we continue through this course it's imperative that you keep in mind that nutrition is all about making sure each of the body's trillions of ____________ (the smallest functional units in a human being) are receiving the nutrients they need to carry out their METABOLIC activities.

A cell is the smallest functional unit in a human being. Choose the answer that best describes the function of the cell.

Cells use nutrients from food to carry out their metabolic activity.

nutrient-dense

Certain foods are more nutritious than others, and a food that contains more vitamins and minerals in relation to fat, sugar, and alcohol content is called a(n) _____________________food.

variety

Choosing a ________ of foods from each food group ensures that your diet provides all the essential nutrients.

moderation.

Consume food in reasonable amounts or in

DSHEA Briefly explain DSHEA.

Dietary Supplement and Health Act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify the dietary supplements as foods. Off to a good start, but why do we care? Did you go through the slides I told everyone to carefully review since I did not go over them in class? One slide specifically says: The Dietary Supplement Health & Education Act does NOT require supplement makers to demonstrate the safety or efficacy of their products. Instead, it makes the FDA responsible for proving supplements harmful - in court (on the basis of evidence from clinical trials or reports of harm to many individuals) - before doing anything about them. All products can be sold without any supporting evidence, And they are innocent UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY. This is why taking supplements WITHOUT medical guidance is a bad idea and why there is a section that outlines risks associated with supplements.

essential nutrient.

Eating a variety of foods will provide essential nutrients and beneficial essential nutrient.

What's the main reason that EATING actual fruit is a healthier choice than fruit juice?

Eating actual fruits is healthier choice than fruit juice because they contain more fiber such as skin and pulps.

definition of "HEALTHY" food

Food selections that make an overwhelmingly POSITIVE contribution to one's health, without potentially negative consequences.

Scare tactics

Inspire mistrust in medical professionals

What are some NON-ANIMAL protein-rich foods, according to your textbook?

NON-ANIMAL protein-rich foods are beans, nuts, tofu, and seeds.

Who should acknowledge the CARBOHYDRATES line on the Nutrition Facts Panel?

Only people with diabetes need to acknowledge the carbohydrates line on Nutrition Fact Panel.

Undernutrition and overnutrition are both problems in the United States. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Overnutrition is less common in the United States than undernutrition is.

a lesser amount of

Per the lecture content, medical doctors (MDs) usually have __________________________ training in nutrition as what you are receiving in this course.

Anecdote

Report of personal experiences

What is the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and why is it relevant to nutrition information. (You may copy word-for-word from the textbook or explain in your own words as long as it is obvious that you do understand).

The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees freedom of press and freedom of speech. It is relevant to nutrition information because nutrition health related company can promote their products with false statements or claim. Consequently, the First Amendment doesn't protect consumers from fraudulent nutrition claims.

energy-dense

The caloric value of a food in relation to its total weight defines how _____________ a food is.

nutrients

The foods that you eat contain ___________that are necessary for proper body functioning.

which organs are responsible for "cleansing" the body

The liver and kidneys.

Metabolism

The whole range of biochemical processes that occur within us (or any living organism); consists of anabolism (the buildup of substances) and catabolism (the breakdown of substances).

Why do we NOT need to look at the line for TOTAL FAT on a package label?

Total fat means all kinds of fat good and bad. We do not need to look at Total Fat line because on the NFP only the Saturated fat that has a DV percentage only.

Vitamins

When it comes to cells getting and using the calories/fuel contained within the 3 macronutrients, it is the job of ANOTHER nutrient to act as the "helper" in this process. Which MICROnutrient am I referring to? ________________________

An antioxidant is:

a phytochemical that may reduce the risk of heart disease. a substance that protects cells from harmful environmental factors. a nonnutrient phytochemical that may reduce the risk of certain cancers. a substance that damages cells and increases the risk of certain diseases. An antioxidant is a substance with protective properties that may reduce the risk of heart disease and certain caners.

While some physicians may provide reliable nutrition information to their patients, many physicians are not considered to be nutrition experts because

hey didn't have much education in human nutrition while in medical school.