OB Ch1 Smartbook
True or False: evidence-based management argues that intuition and experience should form the foundation for managerial decisions and organizational practices
False
True or false: The basic premise of the Rule of One-Eighth is that effective management of organizational behavior requires both a belief that several different practices are critical, as well as a long-term commitment to continually improve those practices.
True
The statement, "A change in X produces a change in Y" is an example of
a causal inference.
Jamie predicts that, if she implements flexible scheduling at the company, absenteeism will decrease. This is an example of
a hypothesis
Organizational behavior seeks to understand, explain, and improve employee's attitudes and ____.
behaviors
A summary of the statistical relationships between variables is referred to as
correlation.
According to the resource-based view, the collective store of useful experience, wisdom, and knowledge possessed by an organization's people is referred to as
history
According to the resource-based view, what factors make human resources inimitable?
history, socially complex resources, numerous small decisions
Written predictions that specify relationships between variables are referred to as
hypotheses
Written predictions that specify relationships between variables are referred to as
hypotheses.
Ernesto is studying ways to improve the task performance of his company's employees and writes a report in which he states that "employee motivation will be positively correlated with the implementation of performance-based reward systems." This statement is an example of a(n)
hypothesis
According to the integrative model of organizational behavior, ability, personality, and cultural values would be categorized as
individual characteristics
According to the resource-based view, resources that are unique and impossible to copy are referred to as
inimitable
The measure of how well an employee does his or her work tasks and responsibilities is known as
job performance
According to the integrative model of organizational behavior, OB researchers are interested in which of the following individual outcomes?
job performance, organizational commitment
The group mechanism that details how individuals gain power over others within the organization is referred to as
leadership power and negotiations.
The individual mechanism that deals with how employees acquire and apply knowledge to a job is referred to as
learning and decision making
A ___ takes all of the correlations found in studies of a particular relationship and calculates a weighted average of them.
meta-analysis
A _____ takes all of the correlations found in studies of a particular relationship and calculates a weighted average of them
meta-analysis
Accepting a belief because a trusted source/respect source has said it is so
method of authority
Pete reads all of the latest management theory books on the best-seller list and tries to implement the practices recommended by the authors. He surmises that their recommended practices must be effective because they are best-selling authors. Which of the following bases of knowledge is Pete using?
method of authority
Tyrone has been a sales manager for many years, and his staff has always reached or exceeded quota, so he is confident that he has good leadership skills. Which of the following bases for knowledge does Tyrone use to assess his leadership skills?
method of experience
holding to a belief because it is consistent with your experience and observations
method of experience
Holding to a belief because it "feels right" or appears self-evident
method of intuition
Shawna instinctively believes that most people have an inherent tendency to avoid work. She believes the only way they'll do their jobs is if she "rides herd" over them all day long. Which method of knowledge does Shawna use in developing her management style?
method of intuition
Accepting a belief on the basis of scientific studies
method of science
n order to test market acceptance of the company's new product, Marketing Manager Francesca has conducted a number of focus group interviews and has also had an independent firm conduct several market surveys. Which basis for knowledge is Francesca relying upon?
method of science
The energetic forces that drive employee's work effort is best described as
motivation
A correlation of 0 between two variables suggests which of the following?
no statistical correlation
Causal inference
one variable causes another
The field of study devoted to understanding, explaining, and improving the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and groups in organizations is known as
organizational behavior.
An employee's desire to remain a member of an organization that he or she respects is referred to as his or her
organizational commitment.
The organizational mechanism that captures the shared knowledge about the values and beliefs of the organization is called
organizational culture
According to the integrative model of organizational behavior, which of the following would be categorized as organizational mechanisms that contribute to individual mechanisms?
organizational culture, organizational structure
The organizational mechanism that captures the shared knowledge about the values and beliefs of the organization is called
organizational culture.
The organizational mechanism that reflects how units within an organization link to and communicate with other units is called
organizational structure
Which of the following would include characteristics that describe how people act, such as extroversion and conscientiousness?
personality and cultural values
Individual characteristics that improve individual mechanisms, such as job satisfaction and motivation, include which of the following?
personality, ability, cultural values
Which of the following perspectives argues that organizational resources that are valuable, rare, and inimitable can lead to the creation of competitive advantage and an increase in the bottom-line profitability of the organization?
resource-based view
According to the resource-based view, people within an organization create resources such as culture, teamwork, trust, and reputation. These resources are referred to as ______ resources
socially complex
The individual mechanism that deals with workers' psychological reactions to overtaxing job demands is referred to as
stress
Group mechanisms include...
team characteristics and diversity, leadership styles and behaviors
The group mechanism that describes team behavior, including conflict and unity, is known as
team processes and communication.
Which of the following is required in order to establish a causal inference between two variables?
that the variables are correlated
A correlation of 1 between two variables suggests...
that there is a perfect statistical relationship between the variables
The premise that 12% or less of organizations will sustain and increase profitability by emphasizing effective management practices is referred to as
the rule of one-eighth
The premise that 12% or less of organizations will sustain and increase profitability by emphasizing effective management practices is referred to as
the rule of one-eighth.
According to this text, with which of the following does the scientific method begin?
theory