OB EXAM 5 BLUEPRINT

Which symptom is considered a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?

Frequent urination

Which type of seizure involves both hemispheres of the brain?

Generalized

Hepatitis A is spread person to person, by the fecal-oral route, and through contaminated food or water. How to stop spread?

Good hand washing is critical in preventing its spread

The nurse is caring for an 11-year-old boy who has recently been diagnosed with diabetes. What should be included in the teaching plan for daily injections?

He is old enough to give most of his own injections.

-What is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

Heart failure

Exophthalmos may occur in children with what diagnosis?

Hyperthyroidism

The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. What intervention should the nurse implement immediately if evidence is found of cardiac tamponade (fluid in pericardial sac is pressing on heart inhibiting its function)?

Immediately report this to the provider

The nurse is caring for a child with severe head trauma after a car accident. Which is an ominous sign that often precedes death?

Periodic and irregular breathing

The nurse is caring for a child with suspected diabetes insipidus. Which clinical manifestation would be observable?

Polydipsia

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is suspected in an adolescent. Which clinical manifestation may be present?

Poor wound healing

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder of which organ?

Posterior pituitary

Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy PROV

What is the primary purpose of prescribing a histamine receptor antagonist for an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux?

Reduce gastric acid production

A child diagnosed with hypopituitarism is being started on growth hormone (GH) therapy. Nursing considerations should be based on which information?

Replacement therapy requires daily subcutaneous injections

An adolescent is being seen in the clinic for evaluation of acromegaly. The nurse understands that which event occurs with acromegaly?

There is excess GH after closure of the epiphyseal plates

A 4-month-old infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is thriving without other complications. What should the nurse suggest to minimize reflux?

Thicken formula with rice cereal

What is the major focus of the therapeutic management for a child with lactose intolerance?

Teaching dietary modifications

The mother of a 1-month-old infant tells the nurse that she worries that her baby will get meningitis like her oldest son did when he was an infant. On what information should the nurse's response be based upon?

Vaccination to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis has decreased

When taking the history of a child hospitalized with Reye's syndrome, the nurse should not be surprised that a week ago the child had recovered from infectious illness?

Varicella

What is the priority nursing goal for a 14 year old diagnosed with Graves' disease?

Verbalizing the importance of monitoring for medication side effects

The nurse is caring for an infant with suspected pyloric stenosis. Which clinical manifestation would indicate pyloric stenosis?

Visible peristalsis and weight loss

The nurse is monitoring an infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which are late signs of increased ICP in an infant?

bradycardia, decreased motor response to command, decreased sensory response to painful stimuli, alterations in pupil size and reactivity, extension or flexion posturing, decreased consciousness, coma

A toddler who fell out of a second story window, had brief loss of consciousness and vomited 4 times. Since admission, the child has been alert and oriented. The mother asks why a computed tomography scan is required when the child "seems fine". The nurse should base the response to the need to monitor for what possible complication?

brain injury

An adolescent boy is brought to the emergency department after a motorcycle accident. His respirations are deep, periodic, and gasping. There are extreme fluctuations in blood pressure. Pupils are dilated and fixed. What type of head injury should the nurse suspect?

brainstem

A 8 year old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, slightly cyanosis, and a dry cough. These manifestations are most suggestive of what associated adverse reaction?

circulatory overload

A child eats some sugar cubes after experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. This rapid-releasing sugar should be followed by:

complex carbohydrate and protein

Which neurologic diagnostic test given a visualized horizontal and vertical cross section of the brain at any axis?

computed tomography scan

Three signs/symptoms of SHOCK

cool extremities, and decreased skin turgor, confusion, somnolence, tachypnea, poor capillary refill time

What intervention is a component of the therapeutic management of nephrosis?

corticosteriods

What is the primary nursing intervention necessary to prevent bacterial endocarditis?

counsel parents of high risk children about prophylactic antibotics

The nurse is admitting a school age child is acute renal failure with reduced glomerular filtration rate. Which urine test is the most useful clinical indication of glomerular filtration rate?

creatinine clearance

Which type of fracture describe traumatic separation of cranial sutures?

diastatic

A school-age child has sustained a head injury and multiple fractures after being thrown from a horse. The child's level of consciousness is variable. The parents tell the nurse that they think their child is in pain because of periodic crying and restlessness. What is the most appropriate nursing action in response to the parent's concern?

discuss with practitioner what analgesia can be safely administered

What is a expected assessment finding in a child with coarctation of the aorta?

disparity in blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities

What is a common clinical manifestation of juvenile hypothyroidism?

dry skin

Chelation therapy is begun on a child with beta-thalassemia major with what expected result?

elimination of excess iron

Which is a common clinical manifestation of Hodgkin disease?

enlarged, firm, non-tender lymph nodes

A child is brought into the emergency room experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. While an airway is being established, what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration?

epinephrine

What is the priority nursing intervention when a child is unconscious after a fall?

establish an adequate airway

What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for the child with acute glomerulonephritis?

excess fluid volume related to decreases plasma filtration

The nurse is preparing a child for possible alopecia from chemotherapy. Which intervention should be included?

explain to child that when hair regrows, it may have a slightly different color or texture

The glasgow coma scale consists of an assessment of what functions?

eye opening, verbal, and motor responses

A nurse is conducting a staff in-service on childhood cancers. Which is the primary site of osteosarcoma?

femur

Nurses must be alert for increased fluid replacment when a child presents with which possible concern?

fever

The nurse is conducting an assessment on a school age child with urosepsis. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?

fever with a positive blood culture

The parents of a child diagnosed with aplastic anemia tell the nurse that a bone marrow transplant may be necessary. What should the nurse recognize as important when discussing this with the family?

finding a suitable donor involves matching antigens from the human leukocyte

what are the level of consciousness in descending order?

full consciousness, confusion, disorientation, lethargy, obtundation, stupor, coma, persistent vegetative state

As part of the treatment for congestive heart failure, what diruetic should the child take?

furosemide

What are clinical manifestations of ICP in children?

headache, forceful vomiting, seizures, drowsiness, lethargy, diminished physical activity, inability to follow simple commands

What is the most common clinical manifestation of brain tumors in children?

headaches and vomiting

A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse would expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?

hematuria and proteinuria

When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents, the nurse should explain that high levels of what substance are thougt to protect use against cardivascular disease?

high density lipoprotein

What is Kawasaki disease?

high fever, swelling in lymph nodes, inflammation win walls of blood vessels

Which type of dehydration results from water loss in excess electrolyte loss?

hypertonic

What is the priority nursing intervention for a child hospitalized with hemarthrosis resulting from hemophilia?

immobilization and elevation of the affected joint

What name is given to identify an acquired hemorrhagic disorder that is characterized by excessive destruction of platelets?

immune thrombocytopenia

What is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy?

increased appetitie

Which statement most accurately describes the pathologic change of sickle cell anemia?

increased red blood cell destruction occurs

The nurse closely monitors the temperature of a child diagnosed with nephrosis. The purpose of this it to detect an early signs of what undesirable outcomes?

infection

Iron dextran is ordered for a young child with severe iron deficiency anemia. What nursing consideration should be considered?

injecting deeply into a large muscle

A young child is brought to the emergency room with severe dehydration secondary to acute darrhea and vomiting. Therapeutic management of this child will begin with which intervention?

intravenous fluids

What intervention should the nurse share with parents on how to prevent iron deficiency anemia in a healthy, term breastfeed infant?

iron-fortified infant cereal can be introduced at approximately 6 months of age

Clinical manifestations of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants are:

irritability, poor feeding, high pitched cry, tense, bulging fontanels, sutures separated, setting-sun eye sign, distended scalp veins

Which statement is most descriptive of a concussion?

it is a transient, reversible neuronal dysfunction

Which statement appropriately describes a neuroblastoma?

it is considered to be a silent tumor

Which statement is descriptive of renal transplantation in children?

it is preferred means of renal replacement therapy in children

Which postoperative intervention should be questioned for a child after a cardiac catherization?

keep the affected lef flexed and elevated

What are the diagnostic procedures for ICP?

laboratory test, electroencephalograph (EEG), lumbar puncture, assessment of evoked potentials, CT, MRI, radiography

What should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery?

letting the child hear the sounds of an electrocardiograph monitor

The nurse is assessing a child who was just admitted to the hospital for observation after a head injury. What is the most essential part of the nursing assessment to detect early signs of worsening condition?

level of consciousness

The best chance of survival for a child with cirrhosis is:

liver transplantation

The diet of a child with chronic renal failure is usually characterized as?

low in phosphorus

Which drug would be used to treat a child who has increased intracranial pressure resulting from cerebral edema?

mannitol

Which immunization should be considered carefully before being given to a child receiving chemotherapy for cancer?

measles, rubella, mumps

Which statement best explains why iron deficiency anemia is common during toddlerhood?

milk is a poor source of iron

The parents of a child hospitalized with sickle cell anemia tell the nurse that they are concerned about narcotic analgesics causing addiction. The nurse should provide what explanation in response to the parent's concern?

narcotics rarely cause addiction when they are medically administered

The nurse is closely monitoring a child who is unconscious after a fall, notices that the child suddenly has a fixed and dilated pupil. The nurse should interpret this as a indication of what occurrence?

neurosurgical emergency

An infant diagnosed with hydrocephalus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Which interventions should be included in the child's postoperative care?

observe closely for signs of infection, maintain an accurate record of intake and output, monitor for abdominal distention

Which term is used to describe a child's level of consciousness when the child can be aroused with stimulation?

obtundation

which test is never preformed on a child who is awake?

oculovestibular response

The nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with congestive heart disease. The nurse should plan which intervention to decrease cardiac demands?

organize nursing activities to allow for uninterupted sleep

What term is used to describe the painful, tener, pea sized nodules that may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in cases of bacterial endocarditit?

osler's nodes

Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect when a child diagnosed with sickle cell anemia experiences an acute vaso-occlusive crisis?

painful swelling of hands, feet and painful joints

An 8 month old infant becomes hypercyanotic while blood is being drawn. What should be the nurses first action?

palce the child in knee to chest position

What is an advantage of peritoneal dialysis?

parents and older children can perform treatments

The parents of a young child with congestive heart failure tell the nurse that they are nervous about giving digoxin, the nurse responses should be based on knowing what information?

parents must learn specific, important guidelines for administration of digoxin

The nurse assessing a premature newborn infant auscultates a continuous machinery, like murmur. This finding is associated with which congenital heart defect?

patent ductus arteriosus

What is the most common mode of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus HIV in the pediatric population?

perinatal transmission

Which term is used to describe a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with congestive heart failure?

peripheal edema

Which is often administered to prevent or control hemorrhage in a child diagnosed with cancer?

platelets

What is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever?

polyarthritis -swollen, hot, red, and painful joints; changes every 1 to 2 days

A child with pulmonary atresia exhibits cyanosis with feeding. On reviewing this child's labatory results, the nurse is not surprised to notice which adnormality?

polycythemia -too many RBCs

Seventy two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101 F. The nurse should initially implement which intervention?

report findings to provider

The nurse is caring for a child with aplastic anemia. Which nursing diagnoses are appropriate?

risk for infection related to inadequate secondary defenses of immunusuppresion, ineffective protection related to thrombocytopenia, ineffective tissue perfusion related to anemia

The diet of a child with nephrosis usually included requirement?

salt restriction

Which factor predisposes a chid to urinary tract infections?

short urethra in young girls

What term is used to identify the condition in which the normal adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin?

sickle cell anemia

A school age child with chronic renal failure is admitted to the hospital with a serum potassium level of 5.2. Which prescribed medications should the nurse plan to administer?

sodium polystyrene sulfonate

The nurse is administering an IV chemotherapeutic agent to a child diagnosed with leukemia. The child suddenly beings to wheeze and have severe urticaria. Which is the most appropriate nursing action?

stop drug infusion immediately

What is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis?

streptococcus viridans

Which term is used when a patient remains in a deep sleep responsive only a vigorous and repeated stimulation?

stupor

Therapeutic management of most children with Hirschsprung's disease is primarily:

surgical removal of affected section of bowel

Parents of a school age child with hemophilia ask the nurse "which sports are recommended for child with hemophilia?" Which sports should the nurse recommend?

swimming, golf, bowling

A nurse is conducting discharge teaching to parents about the care of their infant after cardiac surgery. The nurse instructs the parents to notify the physician if what conditions occur?

temperature above 100, new and frequent cough, turning blue or bluer than normal

A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow?

tetralogy of fallot

Parents of a 3 year old child is diagnosed with congenital heart failure is afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse reply should be based on what knowledge.

the child needs opportunities to play with peers.

What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the parents of a child with vesicoureteral reflex?

the importance of taking prophylactic antibiotics

When caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should do what?

therapeutic management inclused administration of gamma globulin and aspirin

A goiter is an enlargement or hypertrophy of which gland?

thryoid

Several blood test are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia. She is crying and upset because she remembers the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days ago. The nurse should explains that?

topical application of local anesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain

What is the initial goal for the treatment of secondary hypertension?

treating the underlying disease

The nurse is taking care of an adolescent with osteosarcoma. The parents ask the nurse about treatment. The nurse should make which accurate response about treatment for osteosarcoma?

treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy

What position do you never lay a patient with ICP?

trendelenburg

In which situation is there the greatest risk that a newborn infant will have a congenital heart defect?

trisomy 21 detected on amniocentesis (down syn)

Which clinical manifestation would be seen in a child with chronic renal failure?

unpleasant "uremic" breath odor

Which is most descriptive of the pathophysiology of leukemia?

unrestricted proliferation of immature white blood cells occurs

When a child diagnosed with chronic renal failure, the progressive deterioration produces a variety of clinical and biochemical disturbances that eventually are manifested in the clinical syndrome known as what?

uremia

The nurse understands that hypospadias refers to what urinary anomly?

urethral opening along ventral surfaces of penis

A mother asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis is improving. The nurses best response should be to identify which occurence?

urinary output will increase

A 5 year old is being prepared for surgery to remove a brain tumor. Nursing action should be based on which statement?

usually the postoperative dressing covers the entire scalp

Which immunization should be given with caution to children infected with human immunodeficiency virus?

varicella

Which clinical changes occur as a result of septic shock?

vasoconstriction

whis is a common sign of digoxin toxicity?

vomiting

Which intervention is appropriate when examining a male infant for cryptorchidism?

warming the room

What major complication is noted in a child with chronic renal failure?

water and sodium retention

What should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

wearing cotton underpants

Which intervention should be included in the plan of care for an infacnt with the nursing diagnosis of excess fluid volume related to congested heart failure?

weight the infant every day on the ssame scale at the same time

As related to inherited disorders, which statement is descriptive of most causes of hemophilia?

x-linked recessive inherited disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is deficient

Chronic adrenocortical insufficiency is also referred to as what?

Addison's disease

A neonate born with ambiguous genitalia is diagnosed with congenital adrenogenital hyperplasia. Therapeutic management includes administration of which medication?

Cortisone

What is the nursed first action when planning to teach the parents of an infant with a congenital heart defect?

assess the parents anxiety level and readiness to learn

What is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemia shock in children?

blood loss

A boy with leukemia screams whenever he needs to be turned or moved. Which is the most probable cause of this pain?

bone involvement

What is a common, serious complication of rheumatic fever?

cardiac valve damage

One of the clinical manifestations of chronic renal failure is uremic frost. Which best describes this term?

deposits of urea crystals on skin

What condition is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process that may involve any part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract from mouth to anus?

Crohn's disease

A young child's parents call the nurse after their child was bitten by a raccoon in the woods. The nurse's recommendation should be based on knowing that:

antirabies prophylaxis must be initiated

In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

aplastic anemia

Which clinical manifestation may occur in the child who is prescribed methimazole for the treatment of hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease)?

Sore throat or fever

When a 10 year old has been hit by a car while riding his bicycle in front of the school, the school nurse immediately assesses airway, breathing, and circulation. What should be the next nursing action?

Stabilize neck and spine

The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action?

Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.

The nurse is preparing an adolescent for discharge after a cardiac actherization. Which statement by the adolescent would indicate a need for further teaching?

"I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days"

Which type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

Strangulated hernia

A 5 year old sustained a concussion when falling out of a tree. In preparation for discharge, the nurse is discussing home care with the mother. Which statement made by the mother indicated a correct understand of the teaching?

"I should expect my child to have some difficulty concentrating for a while"

What should a nurse advise the parents of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is not eating as a result of a minor illness?

Substitute simple carbohydrates or calorie-containing liquids for solid foods

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child who is receiving propylthiouracil for the treatment of hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease). Which statement made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

"If my child develops a sore throat and fever, I should contact the physician immediately."

When caring for a child with probable appendicitis, the nurse should be alert to recognize what sign of perforation?

Sudden relief from pain

What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks which may occur with drug or latex allergy?

anaphylactic shock

Which description of a stool is characteristic of intussusception?

"Currant jelly" stools

The nurse is conducting teaching for an adolescent being discharged to home after a renal transplantation. The adolescent needs further teaching if which statement is made?

"I am glad I only have to take the immunosuppressant medication for 2 weeks"

A 3-year-old child is hospitalized after a near-drowning accident. The child's mother complains to the nurse, "This seems unnecessary when he is perfectly fine." What is the nurse's best reply?

"The reason for this is that complications could still occur."

The nurse is talking to a parent of an infant with heart failure about feeding the infant. Which statement about feeding the child is correct?

"You may need to increase the caloric density of your infant's formula"

Which information should the nurse give to a child who is to have magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain?

"Your head will be kept from moving during the procedure."

The nurse is teaching parents of a child with chronic renal failure about the use of recombinant human erythropoietin subcutaneous injections. Which statement indicated the parents have understood the teaching?

"the red blood cell count should begin to improve with these injections"

The nurse is preparing a school age child for a computed tomography scan to assess cerebral function. When preparing the child for the scan, which statement should the nurse include?

"the scan will not hurt"

The nurse is teaching the parent about the diet of a child experiencing severe edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching.

"you will need to avoid salt to your child's food"

A preschool child is scheduled for a echocardiogram. Parents ask the nurse whether they can hold the child during the precedure. The nurse should answer with which response?

"your child must lie quietly, sometime a mild sedative is administered before the procedure"

The nurse is performing a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on a school-age child with a head injury. The child opens eyes spontaneously, obeys commands, and is oriented to person, time, and place. Which is the score the nurse should record?

15

Bismuth subsalicylate may be prescribed for a child with a peptic ulcer to effect what result?

Eradicate Helicobacter pylori

The nurse has received report on four children. Which child should the nurse assess first?

A preschool child with a head injury and decreasing level of consciousness.

A child has been seizure-free for 2 years. A father asks the nurse how much longer the child will need to take the antiseizure medications. The nurse includes which intervention in the response?

A stepwise approach will be used to reduce the dosage gradually

What is the most appropriate intervention for the parents of a 6-year-old girl with precocious puberty?

Explain the importance of having the child foster relationships with same-age peers.

an adolescent with osteosarcoma is scheduled for a leg amputation in 2 days. The nurse's approach should include which action?

answering questions with straightforwards honestly

Acute diarrhea may be caused by?

antibiotic therapy

The parents of a child who has just been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes ask about exercise. The nurse should provide the parents with what information to address the child's safety needs?

Extra snacks are needed before exercise

Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age child who is being treated for seasonal allergies, what is the cause?

antihistamines

Bloody stools are often a presenting sign of what?

Meckel's diverticulum

Which type of seizure may be difficult to detect?

Absence

The nurse is discussing various sites used for insulin injections with a child and her family. Which site usually has the fastest rate of absorption?

Abdomen

Which clinical manifestation would most suggest acute appendicitis?

Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point

Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex steroids are secreted by which organ?

Adrenal cortex

What is the characteristic of the immune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Age at onset is usually younger than 18 years

Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow?

Atrial septal defect

What action may be beneficial in reducing the risk of Reye's syndrome?

Avoidance of aspirin and ibuprofen for children with varicella or those suspected of having influenza

An infant diagnosed with pyloric stenosis experiences excessive vomiting that can result in which condition?

Metabolic alkalosis

The nurse is implementing care for a school-age child admitted to the pediatric intensive care experiencing symptomology associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which prescribed intervention should the nurse implement first?

Begin 0.9% saline solution intravenously as prescribed

At what age is sexual development in boys and girls considered to be precocious?

Boys, 9 years; girls, 8 years

Which clinical manifestations would suggest hydrocephalus in a neonate?

Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins

Which complication should the nurse asses for when caring for a child post cardiac catheterization?

Cardiac arrhythmia

A parent asks the nurse why self-monitoring of blood glucose is being recommended for her child with diabetes. The nurse should base the explanation on what information?

Children need to learn to manage their diabetes.

What should the nurse stress in a teaching plan for the mother of an 11-year-old diagnosed with ulcerative colitis?

Coping with stress and avoiding triggers

What is used to treat moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease?

Corticosteroids

It is appropriate, when caring for an unconscious child, to implement which intervention?

Monitor fluid intake and output carefully to avoid fluid overload and cerebral edema.

When caring for the child diagnosed with Reye's syndrome, what is the priority nursing intervention?

Monitor intake and output

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results on a school-age child diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism. Which results are consistent with this condition?

Decreased serum calcium

Which nursing intervention is appropriate when caring for a child who has experienced a seizure?

Describe and record the seizure activity observed

The nurse is admitting a toddler with the diagnosis of juvenile hypothyroidism. Which is a common clinical manifestation of this disorder?

Dry skin

The nurse, caring for a neonate with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula, should include what intervention into the plan of care?

Elevating the head to facilitate secrete drainage.

What is the earliest clinical manifestation of biliary atresia?

Jaundice

The parent of a child diagnosed with diabetes mellitus asks the nurse when urine testing will be necessary. The nurse should explain that urine testing is necessary for which reason?

Ketonuria is suspected

A child is unconscious after a motor vehicle accident. The watery discharge from the nose tests positive for glucose. The nurse should recognize that this suggests what complication?

Leaking of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Which laboratory finding confirms that a child with type 1 diabetes is experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis?

Low arterial pH

A child will start treatment for precocious puberty. This involves injections of which synthetic medication?

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone

What is the common vector reservoir for agents causing viral encephalitis in the United States?

Mosquitoes

To help the adolescent deal with diabetes, the nurse must consider which characteristic of adolescence?

Need to be perfect and similar to peers

A mother shares with the clinic nurse that she has been giving her 4 year old the antidiarrheal drug loperamide. Is this indicated or not indicated?

Not indicated ***Antimotility medications are not recommended for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea. These medications have adverse effects and toxicity, such as worsening of the diarrhea because of slowing of motility and ileus, or a decrease in diarrhea with continuing fluid losses and dehydration. Antidiarrheal medications are not recommended in infants and small children.

What is the most appropriate nursing action when a child with a probable intussusception has a normal, brown stool?

Notify the practitioner

Therapeutic management of the child with acute diarrhea and dehydration

ORS oral rehydration solution

What food choice by the parent of a 2-year-old child with celiac disease indicates a need for further teaching?

Oatmeal

The viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children is?

Rotavirus

What are the manifestations of hypoglycemia?

Shaky feeling and dizziness

Which statement best describes idiopathic hypopituitarism?

Skeletal proportions are normal for age

A preschool child is being admitted to the hospital with dehydration and a urinary tract infection. Which urinalysis result should the the nurse expect with these conditions?

WBC >2, specific gravity 1.030

A child diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism is receiving vitamin D therapy. The parents should be advised to watch for which sign of vitamin D toxicity?

Weakness and lassitude (a state of physical or mental weariness; lack of energy)

The nurse is admitting a child with a Wilm's tumor. Which is the initial assessment finding associated with this tumor?

abdominal swelling

Which condition is caused by a virus that primarily infects a specific subset of T lymphocytes, the CD4+T-cells?

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS

What is the most important nursing diagnosis for a child diagnosed with moderate anemia?

activity intolerance to generalized weakness

When teaching the mother of a 9 month old infant about administering liquid iron preparations, the nurse should include that information?

adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green color

What intervention should be implemented prior to the removal of a child's chest tubes?

administer analgesics before the procedure

What is an important nursing consideration when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery?

administer supplement oxygen before and after suctioning

The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic management should the nurse expect to implement?

administering penicillin

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who has just started dialysis. The child seem always angry, hostile, or depressed. What should the nurse contribute this behavior to?

adolescents often resenting the control and enforced dependence imposed by dialysis

A child with growth hormone (GH) deficiency is receiving GH therapy. What is the best time for the GH to be administered?

at bedtime

The nurse is planning care for a school age child admitted to the hospital with hemophilia. Which interventions should the nurse plan to implement for this child?

avoidance of intramuscular injections, acetaminophen for mild pain control, soft tissue for dental hygiene

A stool specimen from a child with diarrhea shows the presense of neutrophils and red blood cells. This is?

bacterial gastroenteritis

Calcium carbonate is given with meals to a child with chronic renal disease. The purpose of this is to achieve which desired result?

bind phosphorus

Which statement best describes a subdural hemoatoma?

bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum

Which drug is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory?

captopril

What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the parents of a child with acute renal failure, should event as a sign of hyperkalemia?

cardiac arrhythmia

Nursing care of a child diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) should include which interventions?

daily weights, restrict fluids

Myelosuppression, associated with chemotherapeutic agents or some malignancies such as leukemia can cause bleeding tendencies because of what resulting outcome?

decrease in blood platelets

Right Side Heart Failure

decreased blood to lungs, edema, enlarged liver/spleen, JVD, fatigue, weight gain

What beneficial effect is achieved by aministering digoxin?

decreased edema

Left Side Heart Failure

decreased of oxygenaated blood to body, fatigue, crackles, wheezing, cyanosis, cough, increased heart rate, bloody sputum

What is the primary result of anemia?

decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching about signs and symptoms of heart failure to parents of an infant with a repaired tetralogy of fallot. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse include?

decreased urinary output, sweating, anorexia

A young child with human immunodeficiency virus receiving several antiretroviral drugs. What is the expected outcome of these drug therapies?

delay disease progression

As part of teaching home care, the nurse encourages the family to give the child food such as bananas, oranges, and leafy vegetables. These food are recommended because they are high in what?

potassium

The nurse is caring for achild with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect, the nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents exists. An important objective to decrease the risk is achieve what result?

prevent dehydration

surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus would bring about what desired effect?

prevent the return of oxygentaed blood to the lungs

A nurse is teaching an adolscent about essential hypertension. Which of the following is trure?

primary hypertension may be treated with weight reduction

Which diagnostic finding is present when a child has primary nephrotic syndrome?

proteinuria

The nurse is planning activity for a 4 year old child with anemia. Which activity should the nurse plan for this child?

puppet play in the child's room

An objective of care the child with nephrosis is what desired outcome?

reduced blood pressure

Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?

refer children with sore throats for throat cultures

What is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation?

rejection

A school age child diagnosed with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?

relax any eating pressures