Ob Registry Review

a reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as

hypotelorism

How can the sonographer avoid mistaking the fetal heart movement for breathing?

image the diaphragm on the sagittal plane

what fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead

metopic suture

what is the term for a smaller than normal ear

microtia

a cloverleaf shaped skull is related to

thanatophoric dysplasia

When does the neural tube begin fusion to form the neural tube?

22 days

the interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the

3rd ventricle

the anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles is the

CSP

which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the corpus callosum

CSP

the 4th ventricle is located

anterior to the cerebellar vermis

the sunburst of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of

agenesis of the corpus callosum

a lemon shaped skull is related to

arnold-chiari II malformation

The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of

trisomy 18

the fetal lip typically closes by

8 weeks

absence of the skull is

acrania

the most severe form of holoprosencephaly is

alobar

which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly

apert syndrome

the most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is

aqueductal stenosis

the condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as

colpocephaly

there is a definite link between microtia and what syndrome

down syndrome

the double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the

falx cerebri

the sonographic finding of a fluid filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with

hydranencephaly

an increase distance between the orbits is referred to as

hypertelorism

a cisterna magna that measure 15 mm and a normal appearing cerebellum is most likely

mega cisterna magna

Which of the following describes the protrusion of meniges through a spinal defect?

meningocele

a normal shaped skull is termed

mesocephaly

What dominant category does thanatophoric dysplasia fall into?

micromelia

the development of fluid filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with

schizencephaly

What is the bone labeled C.

tibia

a strawberry shaped skull is commonly associated with

trisomy 18

an absent or hypoplastic nasal bone is most likely associated with

trisomy 21

an increased nuchal fold is most likely associated with

trisomy 21

which of the following would most likely involve the development of a cystic hygroma

turner syndrome

dangling choroid sign is associated with

ventriculomegaly

the cisterna magna should not exceed ____ in the transcerebellar plane

10 mm

With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate

4th ventricle

macroglossia is most commonly found with

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

the growth disorder syndrome synonymous with organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is

beckwith-wiedemann syndrome

the structure located between the 2 lobes of the cerebellum is the

cerebellar vermis

enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horn is termed

colpocephaly

Fusion of the orbits is termed

cyclopia

facial anomalies when discovered should prompt the sonographer to analyze the brain closely for signs of

holoprosencecephaly

This image rules out which malformation?

talipes

which of the following is also referred to as patau syndrome

trisomy 13

What gestational age has the least accurate long bone measurement?

38 weeks

which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement

4th ventricle

What is the maximum score a sonographer can give on a biophysical profile?

8

a group of abnormalities associated with the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is

amniotic band syndrome

the most common cause of hypertension is

anterior cephalocele

the 3rd ventricle communicates with the 4th ventricle at the

aqueduct of sylvius

An abnormal division in the lip is referred to as

cleft lip

the band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the

corpus callosum

a large mostly cystic mass containing a thick midline septation is noted in the cervical spine region of a fetus. This most likely represents a(n)

cystic hygroma

Select the sonographic findings seen with thanatophoric dysplasia

narrow thorax, curved or bowed long bones, hypomineralization

the most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the

neck

following an intracranial hemorrhage a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. this is referred to as

porencephaly

all of the following are sonographic findings of Arnold-Chiari II malformation except

strawberry sign

Choose the skeletal dysplasia that demonstrates this image finding.

thanatophoric dysplasia

the most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated with holoprosencecephaly is

trisomy 13

what chromosomal aberration is most often associated with holoprosencecephaly

trisomy 13

the thickness of the nuchal fold in the second trimester should not exceed

6 mm

During a sonographic examination, a wide high third ventricle, teardrop-shaped ventricle, a widened ventricular atria, absent cavum septi pellucid, and a sunburst appearance of the gyri and suli were imaged in the fetal brain. What malformation do these findings support?

Agenesis of the corpus callosum

a cystic hygroma is the result of

An abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue

the absence of the eyes is termed

Anophthalmia

Choose the sonographic characteristic of a cephalocele.

Complex pracranial mass

Which bone is the humerus?

D

what cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis

DWM

the most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is

HC

Select the sonographic features of semilobar holoprosencephaly

Incomplete fusion of the thalami, microcephaly, partial separation of the hemispheres and ventricles

Identify the Dandy-Walker variant.

Partial agenesis of the vermis

micrognathia is a condition found in

Trisomy 18

The measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the orbits is referred to as the:

binocular diameter

which of the following is a benign congenital neck cyst found most often near the angle of the mandible

branchial cleft cyst

Identify the first sonographically observed biophysical change seen with fetal hypoxia.

breathing

all of the following are sonographic features of holoprosencecephaly except

cystic hygroma

all of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencecephaly except

dorsal cyst

nuchal thickening is most common associated with

down syndrome

which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings with TORCH infections

intracranial calcifications

which of the following would be most difficult to detect sonographically

isolated cleft palate

Which of the following is a gross fetal movement?

large limb movement

which of the following is located on both sides of the midline

lateral ventricles

the lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of

lissencephaly

Which fetal testing method includes the nonstress test and amniotic fluid volume?

modified biophysical profile

which of the following may also be referred to as Turner syndrome

monosomy x

Identify the defect that has a cleft spinal cord.

myeloschisis

the nuchal fold measurement is typically obtained

between 15-21 weeks

the 3rd ventricle is located

between the 2 lobes of the thalamus

which of the following is also referred to as trisomy 21

down syndrome

an oral teratoma is referred to as

epignathus

which of the following conditions does not affect the orbits

epignathus

the condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating 2 close set orbits is

ethmocephaly

the isolated enlargement of the fetal thyroid is referred to as

fetal goiter

Which of the following is a sonographic feature of anencephaly?

frogeyes

what cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with

holoprosencecephaly

which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain

lobes of the thalamus

an unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed

macroglossia

Identify the facial cleft

median cleft lip and palate

a small mandible is termed

micrognathia

Select the rotsral end of the neural tube

neuropore

What scanning angle avoids artificial limb shortening when performing biometry?

perpendicular

Select the term describing the abnormal number of digits.

polydactyly

the optimal scan plan to visualize micrognathia is

sagittal

Identify the parameter that allows a scoring of 2 on the biophysical profile

sustained fetal breathing of 30 seconds in a 30 minute period

Choose the term describing fetal blood pH less than 7.

acidosis

at what level is the nuchal fold measurement obtained

cavum septum pellucidum

close set eyes and a nose with a single nostril is termed

cebocephaly