OBGYN CH 27 Fetal Heart & Chest
Anterior to the aorta
(Outflow) The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned ______________________ to the _____________ and should be visualized crossing over it.
Fetal Hydrops
A coexisting pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of _______________________.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent left ventricle:
Gastroschisis
All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantrell except: a. Omphalocele b. Gastroschisis c. Cleft sternum d. Diaphragmatic defect
Narrowing of the aortic notch
All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except: b. fetal hydrops c. narrowing of the aortic notch d. malpositioned tricuspid valve a. enlarged right atrium
Left Ventricle
An EIF is most often seen within the:
Trisomy 21
An EIF would most likely be associated with:
muscle
Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as a lack of _____________ in the dome of the diaphragm.
LS ratio
Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the:
Left ventricle hypertrophy
Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except: a. overriding aortic root b. VSD c. pulmonary stenosis d. left ventricle hypertrophy
10 weeks
The fetal heart is fully formed by _____ weeks
one-third
The normal heart will fill approximately ________ of the fetal chest.
Pleural effusion
The sonographic "bat-wing" sign is indicative of:
right ventricle and the right atrium
The tricuspid valve is located between the ________________________ & _________________________.
Tuberous sclerosis
What are fetal rhabdomyomas associated with ?
VSD
What is an opening within the septum that separates the right and left ventriculus ?
Pulmonary atresia
What is described as the absence of the pulmonary valve, which in turn prohibits blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and essentially to the lungs?
Fetal hydrops
an abnormal accumulation of fluid in at least 2 fetal body cavities
Pleural effusion
The accumulation of fluid around the lungs is termed:
Ectopic cordis
The condition in which the heart is located outside the chest wall is termed:
Two tubes
The embryonic heart begins as:
Right ventricle
The moderator band is located within the:
Triangular, echogenic
The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a __________________, ________________ mass within the chest.
Coarctation of the aorta
The narrowing of the aortic arch is indicative of:
Ductus arteriosis
What is the fetal shunt that connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch?
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome
A group of anomalies characterized by small or an absent right ventricle is:
Pulmonary sequestration
A separate mass of nonfunctioning fetal lung tissue is referred to as:
right ventricle; left ventricle
The aorta arises from the __________________________, and the pulmonary artery arises from the ________________________.
left atrium
The blood returning from the lungs through the pulmonary veins enters into the _______________________.
left atrium
The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the ___________________.
left ventricle & left atrium
The mitral valve is located between the ________________________ & ________________________.
Diaphragmatic hernia
The most common cause of cardiac malposition is:
Rhabdomyoma
The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the:
Foramen of Bochdalek
The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the:
Diaphragmatic hernia
The visualization of the fetal stomach within the fetal chest is most indicative of a:
Ventricle Septal defect
What is the most common form of cardia defect ?
Foramen ovale
What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum ?
Foramen of Morgagni
What is the opening right anteromedially within the diaphragm ?
Pulmonary hypoplasia
What is the term for underdevelopment of the lungs?
Ductus venosus
What structure shunts blood into the IVC from the umbilical vein ?