OBGYN Ch 42 Test Review

21. Whi ch one of the following techniques is the best way to measure the ce rvical-fundal dimension of the uterus? a. Transvaginal b. Translabial c. Transabdominal d. Endorectal

ANS: C The transabdominal image is the best way to measure the length of the uterus.

9. Which one of the following techniques uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity to demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tube? a. Transvaginal b. Perineal c. Sonohysterography d. Transendometrography

ANS: C sonohysterogeaphy is a technique that uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity to demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tube

10. To image the fundus of the uterus with transvaginal sonography, the transducer should be angled so that the handle is positioned as described in which one of the following? a. Closer to the bed b. Farther from the bed c. Lateral to the patient d. Perpendicular to the patient

ANS: A Advancing the transducer slightly and angling it anteriorly (handle closer to the bed) is often necessary to visualize the uterine fundus in transvaginal sonography.

2. Menarche may be defined as which one of the following? a. The state after reaching puberty during which menses occur every 21 to 28 days b. When menses have ceased permanently c. Time before the onset of menses d. Midcycle

ANS: A Menarche is the state after reaching puberty in which menses occur every 21 to 28 days.

6. The Doppler measurement that uses peak systole minus peak diastole divided by the mean over one cardiac cycle is the _____ index a. Pulsatility b. Resistive c. Mean systolic d. Mean diastolic

ANS: A the pulsatility index uses peak systole minus peak diastole divided by the mean over one cardiac cycle

17. Flexion refers to the axis of the uterine body relative to the _____ a. Fundus b. Cervix c. Vagina d. Cornua

ANS: B Flexion refers to the axis of the uterine body relative to the cervix.

22. Sonohysterography is usually performed on premenopausal women between days ____ and ____ of the menstrual cycle. a. 3 and 5 b. 6 and 10 c. 10 and 14 d. 21 and 28

ANS: B Sonohysterography is usually performed on premenopausal women between days 6 and 10 of the menstrual cycle.

8. The difference between the peak systole and the peak diastole is the ____ ratio. a. LS ratio b. S/D ratio c. D/S ratio d. CI ratio

ANS: B The S/D ratio is the difference between the peak systole and the peak diastole.

4. Which of the following are small vessels found along the periphery of the uterus? a. Uterine arteries b. Arcuate vessels c. liac arteries d. Peripheral vessels

ANS: B The arcuate vessels are found along the periphery of the uterus.

planes? 12. The thickness of the endometrium should be measured in which one of the following a. Transverse b. Longitudinal c. Coronal d. Oblique

ANS: B The thickness of the endometrium should be measured in the longitudinal plane.

13. The transvaginal transducer should be soaked in disinfectant between uses for a minimum of _____ a. 3 to 5 minutes b. 10 to 20 minutes c. 30 to 60 minutes d. 1 to 2 hours

ANS: B The transvaginal transducer should be soaked in disinfectant between uses for a minimum of 10 to 20 minutes. The amount of time may differ for products from different manufacturers. Extended soaking may damage or degrade the transducer.

24. After the transducer has been soaked in a Cidex-type solution, which one of the following is an important step to ensure safe handling? a. Check the cord for damage b. Check the transducer face for damage. c. Immediately place it into a protective container. d. Thoroughly rinse the transducer with water

ANS: B When handling glutaraldehyde, the sonographer manufacturers recommend the use of safety goggles. is required to wear gloves. Some

20. Arcuate artery calcifications are observed in patients who are ____ a. Pregnant b. Perimenopausal c. Postmenopausal d. Premenopausal

ANS: C Calcified arcuate arteries are a normal aging process that may be accelerated in the patient with diabetes.

19. Nabothian cysts are found near which one of the following anatomic structures? a. Isthmus b. Vagina c. Endocervical canal d. Peritoneum

ANS: C Cervical inclusion cysts known as nabothian cysts are visualized near the endocervical canal.

23. Limitations of translabial scanning may be overcome by which one of the following? a. Emptying the patient's bladder b. Elevating the patient's head c. Elevating the patient's hips d. Assuming the left lateral decubitus position

ANS: C Elevating the patient's hips may overcome some limitations in translabial scanning.

14. Symmetrical bilateral pelvic masses are likely to be which one of the following? a. Ovarian cysts b. Uterine fibroids c. Pelvic muscles d. Iliac vessels

ANS: C Symmetric bilateral pelvic masses are likely to be pelvic muscles

16. The thin outer layer of the uterus is separated from the immediate layer by which one of the following? a. Peripheral arteries b. Uterine arteries c. Arcuate vessels d. Radial arteries

ANS: C The arcuate vessels separate the thin outer layer from the immediate layer in the uterus.

3. The Doppler measurement that takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak divided by the highest systolic peak is which one of the following? a. Pulsatility index b. Mean Doppler gradient c . Pourcelot resistive index d. Mean systolic measurement

ANS: C the pourcelot resistive index takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak divides by the highest systolic peak

18. In transvaginal scanning, the scanning plane that is 90 degrees from the sagittal plane is the _____ plane a. Transverse b. Parasagittal c. Axial d. Coronal

ANS: D The coronal plane is 90 degrees from the sagittal plane in transvaginal scanning

5. Which one of the following refers to a horizontal plane through the longitudinal axis of the body to image structures from anterior to posterior? a. Transverse b. Axial c. Sagittal d. Coronal

ANS: D The coronal plane is a horizontal plane through the longitudinal axis of the body, which is the plane used to image structures from anterior to posterior.

7. The endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior enhancement in which one of the following phases? a. Menses b. Proliferative c. Ovulatory d. Luteal

ANS: D The endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior enhancement during the secretory (luteal) phase.

1. Depending on the menstrual cycle, the inner lining of the uterine cavity that appears echogenic to hypoechoic on ultrasound is which one of the following structures? a. Myometrium b. Perineum c. Endouterine d. Endometrium

ANS: D The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterine cavity that appears echogenic to hypoechoic on ultrasound, depending on the menstrual cycle.

15. The middle layer of the uterus is which one of the following a. Serosa b. Endometrium c. Body d. Myometrium

ANS: D The myometrium is the middle layer of the uterus.

25. On transabdominal imaging of the female pelvis, the distended urinary bladder: a. Is an acoustic window to view the pelvic anatomy. b. Serves as a "cystic" reference. c. Displaces the bowel into the false pelvis. d. Is all of the above.

ANS: D The urinary bladder is used as an acoustic window and landmark for visualizing pelvic anatomy, serves as a "cystic" reference, and displaces the bowel into the false pelvis.

11. With endovaginal sonography, the cervix of an anteverted uterus is seen in the ____ of the screen, whereas the fundus of the anteverted uterus is found in the _____ of the screen. a. Upper portion; lower portion b. Right side; lower portion c. Left side; right side d. Right side; left side

ANS: D With endovaginal sonography, the cervix of an anteverted uterus seen in the right side of the screen, whereas the fundus of the anteverted uterus is found in the left side of the screen