OCE Final
400
A detailed analysis of all the variables that affect the tides at any particular coast reveals that nearly _________ factors are involved.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
A tidal bore is a true tidal wave because it is a wave created by the tides.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
A tidal bulge is not created on the side of Earth directly facing the moon because they provided gravitational force greater than the required centripetal force.
diurnal tide
A tidal pattern in which there is one high tide and one low tide in a lunar day.
Pacific
A vast majority of all large tsunami are generated in the ________ Ocean.
ebb current
A(n) _________ is produced when water drains out of a bay (or river) because a low tide is approaching.
Two
About what percent of the wind's energy is transferred to the ocean surface?
6
According to the Beaufort wind scale, what is the beaufort number for a strong breeze?
decrease; increase
An increase in seawater density can be caused by a ________ in temperature or a(n) ________ in salinity.
increases and its wavelength decreases
As a wave begins to feel bottom near a shoreline, its wave height ________.
south; left
Coastal upwelling along the coast of Chile is a result of winds from the ________ turning towards the ________ due to Ekman transport.
Deeper currents, increased current velocity, warmer water, and narrower current are all true of western boundary currents
Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?
western; Southern
Conditions for the development of wave energy are most optimal along ________ shores in the ________ Hemisphere.
density differences; differences in salinity and temperature
Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and caused by ________.
larger; slower
Deep-water currents move ________ volumes of water and are much ________ than surface currents.
transverse
Energy travels at right angles to the direction of the vibrating particles in ________ waves.
Peru Current
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
deposition and erosion
Grunion spawning patterns have evolved to take advantage of ________ associated with tides.
20-30 years
How long does the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) last?
5
How many subtropical gyres are there?
Tide-generating forces
If the resultant force has a significant horizontal component (tangential to Earth's surface), it produces tidal bulges on Earth, creating what are known as ________.
gravity
In general, the restoring force for most wind-generated waves is ________.
wavelength
In shallow-water waves the water depth is less than the ________ divided by twenty.
the Pacific coast
In the United States, mixed tides commonly occur along ________.
To the left of wind direction
In the southern hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is always ________.
1905
In which year was the Ekman spiral developed?
1985
In which year was the Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program initiated?
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas of downwelling are associated with prolific marine life BECAUSE the necessary nutrients are continuously replenished.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: India's Northeast Monsoon provides little precipitation BECAUSE it occurs during the winter.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Many people call tsunami "tidal waves" BECAUSE they are related to the tides.
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Measuring average flow rates of ocean surface currents is simple BECAUSE they flow in the same direction and at the same rate for long periods of time.
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The circular orbit of wave motion returns the floating object to its exact original position BECAUSE the half orbit in the trough is at the same velocity as the crest half of the orbit.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The temperatures across the Atlantic at different latitudes are much higher in Europe than in North America BECAUSE of the effects of heat transfer from the Gulf Stream.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Waves break in the surf zone BECAUSE particle motion near the bottom of the wave is severely restricted.
splash
Large icebergs that fall from coastal glaciers create ________ waves.
good; erosion
Refraction causes headlands to be areas of ________ surfing and sites of ________.
awake waves
Rogue waves are sometimes called all of the following except:
where storm waves move against strong surface currents
Rogue waves tend to occur ________.
twice per month
Spring tide occurs about ________.
wind; the Coriolis effect and land
Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________.
upwelling
Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich deep water through ________.
South Atlantic Gyre
The Brazil Current is associated with which Gyre?
Eastern Boundary Currents
The California Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
North Pacific Gyre
The California Current is associated with which gyre?
Eastern Boundary Current
The Canary Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
the wind and the Coriolis effect
The Ekman spiral is caused by ________.
the relationship between sea surface temperature and changing atmospheric pressure
The El Niño Southern Oscillation can best be described as ________.
Western Boundary Current
The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following types of currents?
Northern Boundary Current
The North Atlantic Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
North Atlantic Current
The North Atlantic Drift is also called the ________.
Equatorial Current
The North Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
Northern Boundary Current
The North Pacific Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
North Atlantic
The Sargasso Sea is the water that circulates around the rotation center of the ________ gyre.
Eddies
The area in the enclosed rectangle in the false-color map of sea surface temperatures is an example of which of the following features?
wavelength/2
The circular motion of water molecules extends to a depth that is equal to ________.
wave height
The diameter of a wave orbital at the surface is equal to ________.
capillary wave
The first wave that forms when the wind begins to blow across the ocean surface is a ________.
fetch, wind duration, and wind speed
The height of a wave depends upon ________.
westerlies
The largest wind-generated waves tend to be associated with the ________.
neap
The minimum tidal range happens during ________ tides.
The assertion and the reason are both correct.
The monthly tidal cycle is 29.5 days because that's how long it takes the Moon to complete an orbit around Earth.
ocean
The movement of air across the ocean surface creates ________ waves.
wave frequency
The number of wave crests passing a fixed location per unit of time is called the ________.
Western intensification
The observation that one subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower, and deeper than its counterparts is an example of which of the following?
wave steepness
The ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the ________.
wavelength
The speed of a deep-water wave is proportional to ________.
water depth
The speed of a shallow-water wave is proportional to ________.
tsunami
The uplift or downdropping of large areas of the sea floor creates ________ waves.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
The variable flow of tidal currents in two directions is an obstacle to efficient electricity generation by a tidal power plant because electical turbines run best when they rin at a constant velocity.
wave height
The vertical distance between a wave crest and a wave trough is called the ________.
Greenland and Antarctica
The world's two main iceberg-producing regions are ________.
coastal upwelling
Water rises from below to replace the water moving away from shore in a process called ________.
0 meters
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A and Sea B have wave heights of 3 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from destructive interference?
swell
Waves that are moving faster than local wind and are sorted out by wavelength are called ________.
Land Installed Marine Powered Energy Transformer
What does LIMPET stand for?
2.17 meters per second
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 3 meters?
2.8 meters per second
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 5 meters?
3.9 meters per second
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 6.5 meters?
V
What shape troughs does the capillary waves exhibit?
cold core ring
When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a ________.
Hexagon
When sea ice forms what shape are the crystals?
interference patterns
When swells from different storms run together, the waves clash, or interfere with one another, giving rise to ________.
Pancake ice
Which feature forms right after liquid slush develops?
NACSW
Which of the following North Atlantic Water Masses has the highest temperatures?
volcanic eruption
Which of the following caused the tsunami at Krakatau in 1883?
Humboldt Current
Which of the following currents is responsible for Peru becoming the largest producer of fish, from the sea, in the world?
Along the Atlantic coast
Which of the following is a common area for semidiurnal tides?
Pressure gradients
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?
Both ebb tides and flood tides
Which of the following produces a tidal current?
a wake from a small boat
Which of the following waves cannot be observed from space?
Queen Elizabeth II
Which ship plowed through a 95-foot wave generated by Hurricane Luis?
Sumatra, Indonesia
Which tsunami event had the greatest fatalities?
Surging breaker
Which type of breaker forms waves the present the greatest challenge to body surfers?
plunging breaker
Which type of breakers are the best waves for surfing?
Geostrophic circulation
Which type of current flow moves in a circular path around a subtropical convergence, reflecting Ekman transport, gravity, and the Coriolis effect?
reversing tidal currents
Whirlpools can be created in ome restricted shallow passages due to ________.
plunging breaker
________ has a curling crest that moves over an air pocket.
Upwelling
________ is the upward movement of cold, deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface.
Longitudinal
________ waves also known as push-pull waves.
tidal bore
the wave formed on a river by a flood current is called a(n) _________.
