Ochem Ch 2

What is the functional group of an alcohol?

--OH

What is the alkyl group for butane?

Butyl CH3CH2CH2CH2

What is the alkyl group for ethane?

Ethyl CH3CH2

What is the alkyl group of methane?

Methyl H3C

What is the alkyl group for propane?

Propyl CH3CH2CH2

What is the formula for a nitrile?

R--CN

What is the general form of an ether?

R--O--R or R--O--R'

What is the formula for an alkyl halide? What is X?

R--X; X= fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine

What is the formula for aldehydes?

RCHO

What is the formula for carboxylic acids?

RCO2H

What is the formula for an ester?

RCO2R

What are the formulas for an amide?

RCONH2, RCONHR', RCONR'R"

What is the formula for ketones?

RCOR'

An alkenyl halide is a compound with a halogen atom bonded to an _____ carbon.

alkene

What are amines organic derivatives of?

ammonia

A functional group is the particular group of _____ in a molecule that primarily determines how the molecule _____.

atoms; reacts

Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only _____ and _____ atoms.

carbon; hydrogen

Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon _____ bond, and this is indicated in the family name and in names for specific compounds by an _____ending.

double; -ene

What are the two simplest alkenes?

ethene and propene

What is the simplest alkyne?

ethyne

Alkyl groups are groups that would be obtained by removing a _____ atom from an _____.

hydrogen; alkane

What is the simplest alkane?

methane

What is the simplest alcohol?

methanol

Alkanes are hydrocarbons that do not have _____ bonds between carbon atoms, and we can indicate this in the family name and in names for specific compounds by the _____ending.

multiple; -ane

When a hydroxyl group is bonded to a benzene ring, the combination of the ring and the hydroxyl is a _____.

phenol

If a carbon atom that bears the halogen is directly attached to only one other carbon, the carbon atom is said to be a _____ carbon atom, and the alakyl halide is classified as a _____ alkyl halide.

primary

Aromatic compounds contain a special type of _____, the most common example of which is a benzene ring.

ring

If the carbon that bears the halogen is itself directly attached to two other carbon atoms, then the carbon is a _____ carbon.

secondary

If the carbon that bears the halogen is directly attached to three other carbon atoms, then the carbon is a _____ carbon.

tertiary

Alkynes contain at least one carbon-carbon _____ bond, and this is indicated in the family name and in names for specific compounds by an _____ ending.

triple; -yne