Official CompTIA A+ 1001 Practice Test 2

HYPERVISOR MATCHING TYPES: [1, 2] MODELS: [ESXi, Hyper-V, VMWare Fusion, VMWare Workstation] SUMMARIES: A: [Requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware.] B: [Does NOT require an underlying operating system and has direct access to the host system hardware.]

HYPERVISORS SOLUTION: 1 = B [Hyper-V, ESXi] 2 = A [VMWare Fusion, VMWare Workstation]

3.0 Hardware What term refers to the width of the front-side bus of a central processing unit (CPU), which may be either 32 or 64 bits? A) Architecture B) (CPU) Cache size C) Core number (multi-core) D) Socket type CA) For a processor, THIS describes the width of its front-side bus, which is either 32 or 64 bits. WA1) THIS is a type of memory of the same name that a computer processor uses to access data and programs much more quickly than through host memory or random access memory (RAM). - It enables storing and providing access to frequently used programs and data. WA2) Some CPUs contain multiples of THESE within a single chip, hence the term. In the Task Manager you can see how many of THESE and logical processors your PC has. WA3) THIS refers to the pin configuration designed to accommodate specific processors.

A) Architecture WAs) B, C, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What must you do when developing a troubleshooting mindset? A) Assess costs and impacts. B) Make assumptions about the problem. C) Never give up. D) Troubleshoot the problem as fast as possible without stopping. CA) When assessing whether to repair a part, consider these factors: parts & labor. - In many circumstances, replacement is the most effective option. WA1) A problem may be reported that is like one that you have experienced before, BUT KNOW THIS: the problem and its solution could be completely different. WA2) After a long period of working on the same task, the mind can become fatigued and concentration is reduced. Consider taking breaks or leaving the problem for a while. WA3) You will not always be able to fix the problem yourself. Be prepared to pass the problem on rather than wasting the customer's time.

A) Assess costs and impacts. WAs) (Things to NOT do): B, D, C.

3.0 Hardware Which one of these notable corporate features of Windows Pro, Enterprise, Ultimate, and Education editions encrypt all the data on a drive? A) BitLocker B) BranchCache C) Domain network D) Encrypting File System (EFS) CA) THIS enables the user to encrypt all the information on a disk drive. Encryption means that data on the device is protected even if someone steals it (so long as they cannot crack the user password). WA1) THIS can be used to apply file- or folder-level encryption, where our correct answer encrypts an entire drive. WA2) The principal distinguishing feature of the Professional/Pro, Enterprise, Ultimate, and Education editions (regardless of version) is the ability to join THIS WA3) THIS allows remote computers to share access to a single cache of data from shared folders and files or document portals such as SharePoint sites.

A) BitLocker WAs) D, C, B.

3.0 Hardware 80mm (millimeters) and 120mm are common sizes for what type of PC component? A) Case fans B) CPUs C) Heat sinks D) Memory modules CA) THESE are measured in mm (millimeters). 80mm and especially 120mm are very common. - They are used to exhaust heat out of the case. - This aids in keeping the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and other devices cool. WA1) THIS commonly use this often-combined setup with (2) and a smaller version of our correct answer. WA2) THIS has a thermal conductor that carries heat away from (1) into fins that provide a large surface area for the heat to dissipate throughout the rest of the computer, thus cooling both THIS and (1). WA3) THESE don't use fans, but they can be equipped (or purchased) with heat sinks of their own.

A) Case fans WAs) B, C, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting When troubleshooting a network issue where a single host is unable to connect to the network, what is the first thing you should do? A) Check whether the network cable is properly connected. B) Connect a different host to the network port. C) Ping a device on the local subnet. D) Verify the patch cord is good. CA) When troubleshooting a network issue, if a single host is unable to connect to the network, THIS is the first thing you should do. WA1) If the problem is not as obvious as making sure the cable is properly connected, then you can try THIS. WA2) If (1) doesn't work, assuming you've physically checked the back of the machine for the cable's presence, DO THIS. - Swap the patch cord to the wall socket with another known good working cable. WA3) If it still fails after verifying a known good working cable, then TRY THIS.

A) Check whether the network cable is properly connected. WAs) (in this order) C, D, B.

2.0 Networking Which protocol underpins file and printer sharing on Windows networks? A) Common Internet File System (CIFS) B) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) C) Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) D) Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) CA) Also known as Server Message Block (SMB), it is the application protocol underpinning file and printer sharing on Windows networks. - UDP port 137 & 138; TCP port 139 & 445. WA1) At TCP port 389, this defines how a client can access information, perform operations, and share directory data on a directory server. - Network resources are objects within the directory, which is like a database. WA2) It allows a client to upload and download files from a remote server. It is widely used to upload files to websites. - TCP Port 20 (connection for sending data); TCP Port 21 (control towards session administration). WA3) It is a framework for management and monitoring network devices. SNMP consists of a management system and agents. - TCP Port 162 (notifications); TCP Port 161 (agents).

A) Common Internet File System (CIFS) WAs) C, B, D.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing Which cloud deployment type is targeted towards only a certain group of users? A) Community B) Hybrid C) Private D) Public CA) These are available only to a certain group. Individuals using a cloud application for project purposes is an example. WA1) These are available to anyone. A service freely available to the general public is this. WA2) These are a combination of (1) and (3). An example of this can be the use of (1)-type storage services for an internal (3)-type application. WA3) These are available within an organization. An organization's Intranet is an example of this.

A) Community WAs) Public, Hybrid, Private.

3.0 Hardware Which of these has a transfer rate of 1.6 Gigabits per second (Gbps)? A) DDR-200 B) DDR2 C) DDR3 D) DDR4 CA) THIS has a memory clock 0f 100 megahertz (MHz), a bus clock of 100MHz, a data rate of 200 million transfers per second (MT/s) and a transfer rate of 1.6 Gigabits per second (Gbps). WA1) THIS has a memory clock from 100-266MHz, a bus clock of 400-1066MHz, a data rate of 800-2133 MT/s and a transfer rate of 6.4-17.066Gbps. WA2) THIS has a memory clock from 100-266MHz, a bus clock of 200-533MHz, a data rate of 400-1066 MT/s and a transfer rate of 3.2-8.5Gbps. WA3) THIS has a memory clock from 200-400MHz, a bus clock of 800-1600MHz, a data rate of 1600-3200 MT/s and a transfer rate of 12.8-25.6Gbps.

A) DDR-200 WAs) DDR3, DDR2, DDR4.

3.0 Hardware The video card on your computer only has a single, 24-pin grey output, but you want to connect it to an HD TV. Which adapter should you use to connect your computer's digital signal to your HD TV's to display video? A) DVI to HDMI adapter B) DVI to VGA converter C) Thunderbolt to DVI adapter D) USB A to USB B adapter CA) The connector on your video card may not always be shown in a grey color, but a 24-pin digital signal would be this exact (dual link) port that can connect your computer's digital signal to an HD TV's. WA1) THIS enables you to convert this current type of video signal so that it can be displayed on an older monitor. WA2) Adapter enables you to connect a digital display device to a PC with this Intel-developed for Apple peripherals port. WA3) THIS comes in several configurations to enable you to connect USB devices that have different connector types, such as computers (on the LEFT) and printers (on the RIGHT). - THIS does not transmit digital video signals.

A) DVI to HDMI adapter WAs) D, C, B.

1.0 Mobile Devices Which of the following laptop components uses a Thin Film Transistor (TFT)? A) Display B) Fingerprint Reader C) Solid State Drive D) WiFi Adapter CA) Thin Film Transistor (TFT) is used here. - TFT uses either Twisted Nematic (TN) or In-Plane Switching (IPS) technology. - TN has fast response times, high brightness, less power draw, and more color shift and distortion when viewed at an angle compared to IPS. - IPS provides better color reproduction and better viewing angles. - Originally, TN offered better contrast and better blacks than IPS, but newer IPS monitors have overcome these limitations. WA1) These are for storage, using flash memory rather than traditional hard drives that use mechanically moving parts. WA2) These are used for communications via a wireless network and use a variety of chip sets rather than thin film transistors. WA3) This is a type of biometric device that is used for authentication purposes. - These may be built-in to a laptop or used as a USB external device. - These use a variety of chip sets along with a sensing device rather than thin film transistors.

A) Display WAs) C, D, B.

1.0 Mobile Devices Many Samsung Android smartphones and tablets have a hardware home button that can also act as what? A) Fingerprint reader B) GPS button C) Microphone D) Power button CA) Many modern Samsung smartphones and tablets have the ability to use the hardware home button as this. - While this features is not usually setup by default, within the phone's operating system, the ability is there to configure it. WA1) The hardware home button does not act as this. It may, however, be used with a combination of other hardware buttons to perform a hardware reset or reboot. WA2) ONLY Software settings within the device are capable of completing this action.

A) Fingerprint reader WAs 1 & 2) C, D. WA3) B

3.0 Hardware Which VGA (Video Graphics Adapter) standard uses a 16:9 aspect ratio? A) HD (High Definition) B) SXGA (Super Extended Graphics Array) C) XGA (Extended Graphics Array) D) WXGA (Wide Extended Graphics Array) CA) THIS is a newer standard intended to replace (2) and has a resolution of 1366x768 and an aspect ratio of 16:9. WA1) THIS is a variant of (2) and has a resolution of 1280x800 and a widescreen aspect ratio of 16:10. WA2) THIS is a standard that has a resolution of 1024x768 and aspect of 4:3 as an improvement upon SVGA (Super Video Graphics Array) providing better color depths, and higher refresh rates. - Resolutions for modern display systems use some variant of THIS or our correct answer's resolution. WA3) THIS is a variant of (2) and has a resolution of 1280x1024 and an aspect ratio of 5:4.

A) HD (High Definition) WAs) WXGA, XGA, SXGA.

2.0 Networking A user is experiencing an error with an application and wants to recreate the issue for you to see. What can you do to accomplish this without traveling to the user's location? A) Instruct the user to send a request for remote assistance using Windows Remote Assistance tool. B) Run a Telnet program to connect to the Telnet Daemon on the user's computer. C) Use a Remote Desktop Connection to the user's computer. D) Use SSH to connect securely to the user's computer and examine the application logs remotely. CA) THIS allows a user to ask for help from a technician or co-worker. The "helper" can then connect and join the session while the user is still logged into the machine. PC) THIS allows a remote user to connect to a desktop machine. Once the connection is established, the computer goes to the logon screen and the remote user can log on. WA1) THIS is designed to replace unsecure administration and file copy programs such as (2) and FTP. By default, Windows systems do not have native support for THIS, hence why we'd use (1) or our correct answer. WA2) THIS is unlikely to be used on a modern network as it sends all messages in clear text. The security risks are too high.

A) Instruct the user to send a request for remote assistance using Windows Remote Assistance tool. PC) C (RDP) WAs) D (SSH), B (Telnet).

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What is the best solution if a single app you downloaded on your mobile device is not responding? A) Perform an app reset. B) Perform a factory reset. C) Perform a "hard" reset. D) Perform a "soft" reset. CA) If a single app is not responding, the best solution is usually to perform THIS. WA1) If the device itself is not responding, you would want to perform a restart/power cycle that reboots the device (without losing any settings or data), if you can access the menu prompting the user to turn off the device. WA2) If the touchscreen is not responding to input and you cannot perform a power cycle normally, you can perform THIS by forcing the device to turn off. WA3 )Performing THIS (an erase) deletes all the user data and settings and puts the device in its ""vanilla"" _______ state. - THIS would not be necessary if you had problems with a single app.

A) Perform an app reset. WAs) D, C, B.

3.0 Hardware Which type of RAID level does NOT offer protection from a single drive failure? A) RAID 0 B) RAID 1 C) RAID 5 D) RAID 10 CA) (Striping without Parity) is not fault-tolerant. - If one drive fails, all data in this array is lost requiring data to be recovered from a backup. - It should not be used for mission-critical systems. WA1) (Striping with Distributed Parity) - This writes error checking information across all the disks in the array. - If a single disk fails, enough information is spread across the remaining disks to allow the data to be completely reconstructed. WA2) (Striping without Parity) + (Mirroring). - This configuration offers excellent fault tolerance as one disk in each mirror can fail and the array will still function. WA3) (Mirroring) - This duplicates the data disk to a second disk. - If one disk fails (degrading the array), the other takes over.

A) RAID 0 WAs) RAID 5, RAID 10, RAID 1.

2.0 Networking The 802.11ac standard is one of five Wi-Fi standards and supports up to 8 spatial streams of data. At what speed and on what radio frequency does the 802.11ac operate? A) Speeds up to 1.7 Gbps in the 5 GHz band B) Speeds up to 11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band C) Speeds up to 600 Mbps in the 5 GHz band D) Speeds up to 54 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band CA) IT aims to get throughput like that of Gigabit Ethernet or better. WA1) Describes 802.11b, which operates at distances up to 32 meters indoor and 140 meters outdoors. WA2) Describes 802.11n, which also operates at a minimum of 288.8 Mbps. WA3) Describes 802.11g. - Like 802.11a, it has other support data rates which include 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 Mbps; 802.11a operates at 5.0 GHz, however. - Like (1), it has backwards compatibility due to its specific band rate.

A) Speeds up to 1.7 Gbps in the 5 GHz band WAs) B, C, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting A green hard drive LED stays solid for long periods of time, even when it no applications are open. What is a possible reason behind this? A) There is a problem with the hard drive or there is not enough RAM. B) There is a problem with the PSU. C) The connection speed on the network is slow. D) You have a disk failure. CA) If a hard drive LED is solid for extended periods it can indicate a problem, especially if the PC is not doing any obvious processing. Also, ""Disk thrashing"", (constant LED activity) can be a sign that there is not enough of THIS on the system. WA1) Network adapters often have LEDs to indicate THIS and other activity on the network. WA2) THIS is normally indicated by a red LED. THESE sometimes fail, which is why you should always make backups of your data. WA3) If none of the LEDs on the front panel of the system case are lit up and you cannot hear the fans or hard drives spinning, the computer is not getting power. This is likely to be due to a fault HERE.

A) There is a problem with the hard drive or there is not enough RAM. WAs) C, D, B.

1.0 Mobile Devices In which of the following scenarios would you most likely need to use the Fn special function key on the keyboard for display purposes on a laptop (ex: adjust volume, put the computer to sleep, toggling displays, etc.)? A) When you connect a projector to a laptop's external display port B) When you connect two monitors to a laptop's docking station and need to change the visual order of the displays C) When you want to put the display into sleep mode to save power D) When you want to toggle a laptop's display between standard 4:3 and widescreen 16:9 resolutions CA) For this, a special function key can be toggled to send video output via THIS to THAT. WA1) For this, you would use Windows Display Properties features to adjust the visual order of the these, such as which one is on the left / right. WA2) For this, you would use Windows Display Properties to adjust to what's desired, such as 1980 x 1020 or 1024 x 768. WA3) For this, you would need to adjust Power Options within Windows Control Panel.

A) When you connect a projector (THAT) to a laptop's external display port (THIS). WAs) B, D, C.

2.0 Networking Which command line tool shows open ports on the host? A) netstat B) nslookup C) ping D) tracert CA) THIS can be used to investigate open ports and connections on the local host. - You can use this tool to verify whether file sharing or email ports are open on a server and whether other clients are connecting to them. WA1) THIS is a command-line diagnostic tool used to test whether a host can communicate with another host on the same network or on a remote network. - It is the basic tool to use to establish that a link is working. WA2) THIS command-line utility is used to trace the route a packet of information takes to get to its target. WA3) THIS command can help you troubleshoot DNS if you suspect a problem with name resolution.

A) netstat WAs) C, D, B.

3.0 Hardware Which of these is part of a fiber optic strand? A) BNC coupler B) Buffer C) Mesh conductor D) T568A CA) The protective coating around the cladding is called THIS. - It prevents light from entering the fiber cable and helps to bounce the light signal back into the core. WA1) THIS is part of a coaxial (coax) cable that serves both as shielding from Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and as a ground. - It is NOT found in fiber optic cables. WA2) THIS is used only on coaxial cables. - The technician would need a crimper for an Ethernet cable. WA3) THESE are two methods for terminating RJ-45 connectors defined by the ANSI/TIA/EIA. - One of THESE is mandated for US government premises and by the residential cabling standard (TIA 570).

B) Buffer WA) C, A, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting How can you find out when upgrades were carried out recently on your Windows 10 computer? A) Check the Disk Cleanup program B) Check the job logs C) Check msconfig D) Check the service documentation CA) Remember to ask, ""What has changed?"" You can check THESE to find out whether any maintenance or upgrades were carried out recently. WA1) In Windows 10, The Startup Configuration utility (THIS) does not work and you need to enable verbose boot messages via the registry. WA2) THIS only explains how to disassemble the chassis and remove tricky items, such as plastic bezels, without damaging them. - Always check the vendor documentation before obtaining parts for upgrade or replacement. WA3) You can use THIS to free up space but the user may have to take manual steps, such as moving or deleting files, uninstalling unnecessary applications, and so on.

B) Check the job logs WAs) C, D, A.

2.0 Networking How do you configure a proxy server in Windows? A) Click the Add VPN button on the Connections tab of the Internet Options dialog. B) Click the LAN Settings button on the Connections tab of the Internet Options dialog. C) Define an alternative IP configuration on the Alternate Configuration tab of the IPv4 Properties dialog. D) Select the "Obtain an IP address automatically" option on the General tab of the IPv4 Properties dialog. CA) To configure a proxy server in Windows, DO THIS. Then, you can enter the address and port for the proxy server. WA1) To configure a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using Windows, You'll DO THIS. Many companies use a third-party software solution for their VPN service. WA2) THIS is DONE if your PC cannot contact a DHCP server, via using Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is unsuitable. WA3) To use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) in Windows, DO THIS.

B) Click the LAN Settings button on the Connections tab of the Internet Options dialog. WAs) A, C, D.

3.0 Hardware You are building a new, high performance personal desktop PC and are deciding on a motherboard. Not considering overclock-ability, to maximize performance and future capacity to upgrade, you should choose a motherboard with the following supported RAM slots: A) DDR3 SDRAM B) DDR4 SDRAM C) GDDR4 SDRAM D) GDDR5 SDRAM CA) THIS is the most current revision of the SDRAM standard and features the highest bus and memory clock speeds currently available superseding (1) in 2014. - GDDR modules are reserved for use in GPU's. WA1) Our correct answer superseded THIS in 2014. DDR_-1600's only advantage over THIS is the lower voltage, reducing power consumption. - Whereas, DDR_-2400 far exceeds anything available for THIS. WA2) THIS is not very popular and has been used on very few graphics cards. - It is not being produced or manufactured today and is replaced by (3), which is more efficient and faster. WA3) THIS is the fastest memory as of now and is used in present day mid to high range graphics cards and top gaming consoles. - It is very expensive memory but delivers blazingly fast graphics performance.

B) DDR4 SDRAM WAs) DDR3, GDDR4, GDDR5.

2.0 Networking Which type of server uses a distributed database that contains information on domains and hosts within those domains? A) Authentication Server B) DNS server C) DHCP server D) Mail server CA) THESE allow users to access resources using host names and Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDN) by resolving those names to IP addresses. It uses a distributed database that contains information on domains and hosts within those domains. WA1) THIS manages sending email messages for users using SMTP or SMTPS. It also manages the transfer of messages to the users' inboxes using POP3, POP3s, IMAP, or IMAPS. WA2) THIS assigns IP address information to hosts automatically when they connect to the network. WA3) THIS is one that consolidates authentication services across multiple access devices, such as switches, routers, and access points.

B) DNS Server WAs) Mail, DHCP, DNS.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What should you do if you cannot solve a problem? A) Close the ticket. B) Escalate the ticket. C) Use as many resources as you need. D) Use as much time as you need. CA) If you cannot solve a problem yourself, it is better to DO THIS, NOT to waste a lot of time trying to come up with an answer. WA1) FALSE. Consider consulting colleagues, Internet discussion groups, or manufacturers' help lines. TIME. IS. PRECIOUS. WA2) FALSE. You must balance the need to resolve a problem in a timely fashion with what might be additional costs and the burdens/priorities that senior staff are already coping with. WA3) You should troubleshoot the problem until it is resolved. If troubleshooting doesn't work, you should do our correct answer. - After confirming the problem has been fixed, and updating the ticket accordingly, only then can you DO THIS.

B) Escalate the ticket. WAs) D, C, A.

3.0 Hardware Which of the following connectors can have audio and video pass through it? A) Digital Visual Interface (DVI) B) High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) C) RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) D) Video Graphics Array (VGA) CA) THIS is NOW the most widely used graphic device interface, supporting both video and audio digital streams, plus remote control and digital content protection. WA1) THIS distinctive blue, 15-pin port WAS (before our correct answer) the standard analog video interface for PC devices for a very long time. WA2) THIS is a video cable type designed for flat panel display equipment. IT is now being phased out in favor of better-established technologies, such as our correct answer. WA3) THIS is an old standard used by workstation video monitors. It uses the same signals as (1), both of which are being phased out over newer technologies such as our correct answer.

B) High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) WAs) D, A, C.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing Which of the following Hypervisors is included with Windows 10 Professional? A) ESX B) Hyper-V C) KVM D) VirtualBox CA) It is a type-1 hypervisor that is included with Windows 10 Professional. - A type-1 hypervisor has direct communication with the system's physical hardware. WA1) It is a server hypervisor from VMWare. - It is a type-1 hypervisor that does not require an underlying operating system and has direct access to the host system hardware. WA2) It is a virtualization hypervisor that is maintained by Oracle Corporation. - It is an open source type-2 hypervisor, thus it requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware. WA3) It is a virtualization hypervisor that is included with Linux distributions. It is an open source type-2 hypervisor, which requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware.

B) Hyper-V WAs) A, D, C.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing What type of software is used to run virtual machines? A) Guest OS (operating system) B) Hypervisor C) NFC D) VM (virtual machine) CA) THIS is a piece of software that is able to manage the hosting of guest virtual machines. There are two types: 1) Does not require an operating system and has direct access to the host system's hardware (i.e.: bare-metal). 2) Requires a host operating system to be installed first and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware. WA1) In relation to virtualization, a guest operating system installed on our correct answer is THIS. WA2) THIS would be installed within a guest version of (1). WA3) THIS is a communications method used by mobile devices for a variety of purposes included e-commerce solutions such as Apple Pay.

B) Hypervisor WAs) D, A, C.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What causes most paper jams? A) The fuser is broken B) Improper media and creases/folds in paper C) A problem with the roller D) The toner cartridge needs replacing CA) Most paper jams arise because of these 2 reasons, plus paper not being loaded properly in the tray. WA1) Most jams are caused by part of our correct answer. If you can discount that, try changing these out. WA2) Faded or faint print defects occur if THIS needs replacing, or if the user chooses an option for low density (draft output). WA3) THIS needs replacing if the print output smudges easily. - If the jam occurs within the drum assembly but before the image is heated properly onto the paper, the cause could be a faulty Static Eliminator Strip.

B) Improper media and creases/folds in paper WAs) C, D, A.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing You need to do some application testing. You have a Windows 10 desktop and decide to use Hyper-V to create virtual environments to test the applications in. You do not want the guest virtual machines to be able to communicate with any other physical system on the network: however, communication between the guests and the hosts is allowed. Which type of virtual switch should you create in Hyper-V? A) External B) Internal C) Private D) Virtual LAN CA) This being created with Microsoft Hyper-V is a switch that is usable by the guest virtual machines and the host. Almost similar with that of (1) and (2). Differences being: CA) With this type of switch, a Linux guest and a Windows guest could communicate with each other and with the host, but not any other physical machines on the network. WA1) With this type of switch, a Linux guest and a Windows guest could communicate with each other, but not with the host or any other physical machines on the network. WA2) With this type of switch, a Linux guest and a Windows guest could communicate with each other, the host, and any other physical machines on the network. WA3) THIS a method of creating a virtual group of networked devices on a network. - While Hyper-V does have an ID setting for this that can be configured on a virtual switch, it does not apply to the question.

B) Internal WAs) Private, External, VLAN.

2.0 Networking In a large network, to which of the following devices would you assign a static Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address? A) Mobile device B) Proxy server C) Unmanaged switch D) Workstation CA) THIS must have a static IP address. User machines are configured with this unit's IP address and pass Internet requests to it. WA1) THIS, being in a large network should obtain its IP address via DHCP. - Configuring IP statically on each of these can be very time consuming and prone to errors that can potentially disrupt communication on the network. WA2) THIS should obtain its IP address via DHCP since it will likely be connecting to multiple networks as the user takes the device from place to place. WA3) THIS performs its function without any configuration. It also does not have an IP address.

B) Proxy server WAs) D, A, C.

3.0 Hardware The small marina business you work for wants to add cable TV into the office building for constant weather updates. You need to connect the new cable modem to existing cable wiring in the building. Which cabling do you use for this project? A) Use a RG-59 patch cable. B) Use a RG-6 patch cable. C) Use a RJ-11 cable. D) Use a RJ-45 cable. CA) This coaxial cable that has a thicker core conductor for better signal quality and is often used as drop/patch cable for modern Cable Access TV (CATV) and broadband cable modems. WA1) This jack-based connector is used with twisted pair cable for Ethernet local area networking products. WA2) These are used with 2- or 3-pair UTP or with flat ribbon; "silver satin" phone cables. Typically, only one pair carries the dial tone and voice. WA3) This is a coaxial cable that has a thinner core conductor and was used as drop cable for older CATV/cable modem installs and is also used for CCTV cabling.

B) Use a RG-6 patch cable. WAs) D, C, A.

1.0 Mobile Devices What type of portable storage media type is most commonly used in modern mobile devices including smartphones, tablets, drones, and cameras? A) Compact Flash B) micro-SD C) Multi-Media Card (MMC) D) USB Flash Drive CA) Card is the smallest and most modern flash memory storage type being commonly used in modern devices for the storage of photos and media. - Capacity and speed of THIS and (1) can vary. WA1) THIS is an older portable storage type that can still be found in some devices. - THESE were popular with early digital cameras and older mobile devices including Microsoft Windows CE based handhelds. WA2) THESE were short-lived and were eventually replaced with the Secure Digital (SD) card standard. While they appear similar, SD cards included improvements in speed and more. WA3) THIS is a very common portable flash memory storage device for laptop and desktop systems, however they are not used as storage types for mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, drones, or cameras.

B) micro-SD WAs) A, C, D.

1.0 Mobile Devices At which of the following frequencies does a Bluetooth connected mobile device communicate? A) 1333 MHz (Megahertz) B) 2133 MHz C) 2.4 GHz (Gigahertz) D) 5 GHz CA) This is the frequency in which Bluetooth operates; Many devices actually use this frequency including WiFi devices and Access Points (AP), cordless telephones, wireless video, baby monitors, and more. WA1) This is a frequency used by Wi-Fi; Many devices actually use this frequency including cordless telephones, wireless video, baby monitors, and more. CA, WA1) To prevent interference with each other, many devices allow the ability to change the channel being used within these frequencies. WA2 & 3) Are popular speeds of which RAM (Random Access Memory) operates, not as frequencies used by Bluetooth.

C) 2.4 GHz WAs) D, A, B.

3.0 Hardware You have a laptop with a rotatable screen and you want to set the view on your laptop to portrait instead of landscape. How would you do this? A) By using the display function key B) By using the screen brightness function key C) By using the screen orientation function key D) By using the touchpad function key CA) A laptop with a rotatable screen will allow you to switch between portrait and landscape modes. - THIS key will allow you to choose whether to lock the screen in one of these modes. WA1) THIS key simply allows you to bring light or darkness to the built-in display but does not affect an external one. WA2) THIS key allows you to toggle the video feed between the built-in laptop screen, the built-in screen and an external monitor (dual screen), and an external monitor only. WA3) Toggling THIS key allows you to disable the this part of a laptop if it interferes with typing and prevents the cursor from jumping around if you accidentally touch it.

C) By using the screen orientation function key WAs) B, A, D.

2.0 Networking You have a single user who cannot connect to the Internet, but the user can connect to all internal servers, printers, and internal web servers. What should you check as the probable cause? A) Call your Internet provider to see if the user's computer has been denied Internet access. B) Check the user's access credentials on the router. C) Check the user's browser's proxy settings. D) Check to see if the user has both Wi-Fi and a wired connection are enabled. CA) This problem likely resides with this exact configuration. WA1) THIS most likely won't block individual computers on your network. Your network security settings should prohibit anything that would lead to this situation. WA2) General users don't have these to log into this hardware. The user is authenticated on the network and able to access other network resources; they should also be able to reach the Internet. WA3) Having THIS be in place won't affect normal web browsing, but could affect two-way traffic, such as a Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), since there are multiple routes back to the computer.

C) Check the user's browser's proxy settings. WAs) A, B, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What is the first thing you should do when troubleshooting the built-in display on a laptop? A) Check if the settings are in energy saving mode. B) Check that the cutoff switch is not stuck. C) Connect the laptop to an external monitor. D) Send it to get it repaired. CA) When troubleshooting the built-in display, first check that the video card is good by using THIS, via Toggling the appropriate Fn key. WA1) After using an external monitor to test that the video card is good, check that power management settings are not set to ANYTHING that can disable and/or dim the backlight. WA2) You should check that THIS small plastic pin near the hinge connecting the LCD to the rest of the chassis is not stuck after you ensure (1) is not enabled. WA3) You will probably need to book the laptop for THIS or use it with an external monitor only once you have tried all other ways of troubleshooting the built-in display.

C) Connect the laptop to an external monitor. WAs) A, B, D.

1.0 Mobile Devices You have several Android devices and you need to be sure that they all have access to the same online data and the same applications from the app store. Which online account would achieve this quickly? A) DropBox B) Email C) Google Account D) iCloud CA) This is required to setup an Android mobile device and to use this specific app store. - By using the same account, data can be shared via ______ Drive and any paid apps from the store would be available to all devices. WA1) This is a cloud based services that allows access and synchronization to files and data via an application installed on a mobile device. While access to files is possible, access to the same apps via the app store is not. WA2) This is an online cloud storage and synchronization service for non-Android devices, in a competitive sense. WA3) It is common for users to save something as an attachment HERE for later retrieval. - This isn't the best use of it, and a cloud storage solution would be best. - This would also not solve making applications from the play store available.

C) Google Account WAs) A, D, B.

2.0 Networking What service uses port 80? A) Domain Name System (DNS) B) Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) C) HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) D) Secure Shell (SSH) CA) THIS enables clients (typically web browsers) to request resources from THIS server. WA1) THIS uses port 110. It is an Internal mail protocol for retrieving emails. A more powerful and feature-heavy version of this protocol, IMAP, uses 143. WA2) THIS uses port 53. It resolves names to IP addresses using a distributed database that contains information on domains and hosts within those domains. WA3) THIS uses port 22 to securely connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator) and was designed to replace programs such as Telnet (port 23) and FTP (20/21).

C) HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) WAs) B, A, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What do you need to do if you are upgrading a touchpad? A)Connect the AC power while disabling the laptop and the battery. B)Disconnect the touchpad data cable from the LCD display. C)Install a new driver. D) Use different part numbers from the original. CA)If you are upgrading the keyboard or touchpad (rather than replacing the same part), you may need to install THIS and configure settings via the Mouse and Keyboard applets. WA1) When replacing components like the keyboard and touchpad, you will almost always need to use the OEM (opposite of THIS) parts. WA2) Touchpads connect to the motherboard via THIS, which is typically a flat ribbon type. Accessing the parts for removal and replacement might require complete disassembly or might be relatively straightforward. WA3) Any time you disassemble a laptop, you should disconnect peripheral devices and eject discs from drives, as well as disconnect THIS and WHAT IT CHARGES.

C) Install a new driver. WAs) D, B, A.

1.0 Mobile Devices Which of the following is a feature of USB on the Go (OTG)? A) It allows for connections to multiple peripherals at once. B) It allows for faster data rates than a typical USB connection. C) It allows a port to function as a host or a device. D) It allows for rapid charging at 5V. CA) THIS is a feature that allows for a mobile device port to function as a host or a device. As an example, the smartphone can function as a host when a keyboard is connected and as a device when it is connected to a PC. WA1) This describes USB Power & how quickly a device charges is dependent on the internal components of the device. WA2) ACTUALLY... USB data rates are dependent on the version of USB in use. For example, USB 3.1 can transfer data up to 10 Gbps and USB 3.0 can transfer data up to 5 Gbps. WA3) What's described HERE would be dependent on using a USB hub.

C) It allows for connections to multiple peripherals at once. WAs) D, B, A.

2.0 Networking Which generation of cellular digital communications standards typically delivers around 20 Mbps in practice? A) 5G B) EV-DO (CDMA2000/Evolution Data Optimized) C) LTE (Long Term Evolution) D) LTE-A (Long Term Evolution Advanced) CA) THIS is a converged 4G standard supported by all network providers. - IT has a maximum downlink of 150 Mbps in theory, but around 20 Mbps is typical of real-word performance. WA1) THIS is intended to provide a 300 Mbps downlink, but this aspiration is not matched by real-world performance. - Current typical performance for this is around 40 Mbps. WA2) These are the main 3G standards deployed by network providers of the same FIRST name. - These support a 3.1 Mbps downlink and 1.8 Mbps uplink. WA3) THIS is supposed to deliver a minimum of 100 Mbps for access from a fast-moving vehicle and 1 Gbps for stationary users. - Speeds of up to 70 Gbps have been achieved under test conditions.

C) LTE WAs) D, B, A.

1.0 Mobile Devices Which solution would you use to support remote wiping of a laptop's hard drive in the event it was stolen? A) BIOS password B) BitLocker C) LoJack D) Power settings CA) THIS is an anti-theft software package that can be installed on a laptop. In the event of theft of the laptop, IT can provide GPS tracking, and remote wipe. WA1) THIS is a data encryption technology from Microsoft that can be used to encrypt a laptop's hard drive. - THIS works in conjunction with the computer's on-board Trusted Platform Module (TPM) chip. - If the hard drive were stolen or removed, it would not be readable as the TPM chip is required to be present for authentication to the encrypted drive. WA2) THIS is a password setup in the computer's system hardware; it can usually be reset by removing the battery from the system board, and/or resetting a jumper on the system board. WA3) THESE can be set within a system's BIOS and within a system's operating system; THEY are not security related.

C) LoJack WAs) B, A, D.

1.0 Mobile Devices Which of the following ports on a mobile device does Bluetooth use for communication? A) Infrared B) Lightning C) Logical D) USB C CA) Bluetooth uses THIS for communications. This means that there is no actual physical port, such as a USB port to make the connection to another device. WA1) THIS is found on many mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. It is used for a wired connection or for battery charging. WA2) THESE are found only on Apple devices as it is a proprietary technology. These ports are used for wired connections and battery charging. WA3) THIS is known as a line of sight technology where devices must be facing one another appropriately for communication to occur. - A television remote control is an example.

C) Logical WAs) D, B, A.

2.0 Networking What distance between hosts could mean multiple connected networks in the same municipality? A) ICAAN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Number) B) LAN (Local Area Network) C) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) D) WAN (Wide Area Network) CA) THESE are an area equivalent to a city or other municipality. It could mean a company with multiple connected networks within the same metropolitan area - so larger than (3) but smaller than (1). WA1) THESE are usually thought of as relying on some intermediate network, such as the Internet or phones system, to connect geographically diverse versions of (3). WA2) THIS is a nonprofit organization responsible for coordinating the maintenance and procedures of several databases related to namespaces and numerical spaces of the Internet. WA3) THESE are a single site or possibly several sites in close proximity connected by high-speed backbones.

C) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) WAs) WAN, ICAAN, LAN.

3.0 Hardware Which statement is NOT correct about 32-bit and 64-bit Central Processing Units (CPUs)? A) A 32-bit processor is adequate for any program written for a 32-bit processor (and the same is TRUE for anything 64-bit processing). B) Maximum memory supported is over 4GB using a 64-bit processor (whereas it is limited up to 4GB on a 32-bit processor). C) More computers are built using 32-bit processors. D) Software programs requiring many calculations operate faster on 64-bit processors. CA) NO. Most manufacturers build computers with 64-bit processors due to cheaper prices and because more users are now using 64-bit operating systems and programs. - The OPPOSITE is being offered less and less as it fades into obsolescence. WAs) Everything else is CORRECT.

C) More computers are built using 32-bit processors. WAs) A, B, D.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing With Microsoft Hyper-V, different types of virtual switches can be created. Which switch type is only usable by the guest virtual machines on the Hyper-V host? A) External B) Internal C) Private D) Teamed CA) THIS is a switch that is only usable by the guest virtual machines. - For example, with this type of switch a Linux guest and a Windows guest could communicate with each other but not with the host or any other physical machines on the network. WA1) THIS is a switch that is usable by the guest virtual machines and the host. - For example, with this type of switch a Linux guest and a Windows guest could communicate with each other and with the host, but not any other physical machines on the network. WA2) THIS is a switch that is usable by the guest virtual machines and the host. - For example, with this type of switch a Linux guest and a Windows guest could communicate with each other, the host, and any other physical machines on the network. WA3) THIS refers to virtually combining physical network cards together and does not apply to creating a Hyper-V virtual switch.

C) Private WAs) Internal, External, Teamed.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What is true about RAID hardware configurations? A) Hardware RAID is cheaper than software RAID. B) Low cost RAID solutions use SAS, server-class computers use SATA. C) RAID hardware can be supported by the motherboard. D) Server-level RAID drives are not hot swappable. CA) A hardware solution means that creating volumes from an array of physical disks is an operation supported by a plug-in controller card or by the motherboard, independently of the installed operating system. WA1) It's the other way around, as RAID controller cards (Hardware) can be expensive. - Software RAID may also lock you into a single vendor solution - So... be careful. WA2) For modern low-cost RAID solutions AND server-class machines, it's the other way around for who uses which! WA3) Hot swappable RAID is usually a server-level feature, although it might be implemented on high-end workstations. So... YES, YOU CAN!

C) RAID hardware can be supported by the motherboard. WAs) A, B, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting How can you troubleshoot a problem with a single host's name resolution to a local LAN network? A) Reboot the DNS server. B) Run netstat to see whether other clients can connect to the host. C) Run nslookup to query the DNS server. D) Test your internet connection. CA) If you identify or suspect a problem with name resolution, you can troubleshoot DNS with THIS command. WA1) THIS is used to investigate open ports and connections on the local host. - You can use this tool to verify whether file sharing or email ports are open on a server and whether other clients are connecting to them. WA2) You should NOT DO THIS without considering the impact on other users. - It is only warranted if the problem is widespread. In this case, the problem is only affecting a single host. WA3) While DNS problems can make THESE unavailable, Local Area Networks (LANs) are independent from THIS, although they can be linked to each other with gateway routers.

C) Run nslookup to query the DNS server. WAs) B, A, D.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting Which of these is true about Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) and Solid State Disks (SSDs)? A) HDDs have 8GB or more of flash memory cache. B) HDDs only use SATA connectors, and SSD's only use mSATA or m.2 connectors. C) SSDs use flash memory. D) SSDs use magnetic disk technology. CA) Solid State Drives (SSDs) use THIS to technologically offer much faster performance and less weight and power consumption than HDDs, making them the current mainstream choice for laptops. WA1) HYBRID (or SSHD) disks are what this describes! WA2) Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) use THIS for offering low cost per gigabyte storage at the sacrifice of performance & speed. WA3) BOTH storage devices can use these described interfaces!

C) SSDs use flash memory. WAs) A, D, B.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting Which of these would cause no image to display on a monitor? A) The brightness & contrast controls are turned all the way down. B) Hardware acceleration is too high. C) The monitor is in standby mode. D) The refresh rate is too low or resolution is too high. CA) If there is no image displayed on the monitor, make sure that the monitor is plugged in and turned on. - Press a key or cycle the power to the monitor to activate it, if found like THIS. WA1) If the image is dim, check HERE. - It is also possible that a power saving mode is dimming the display. WA2) If video playback does not work, try lowering or disabling THIS (using the slider on the Troubleshoot tab). WA3) THESE issues can cause the screen to flicker.

C) The monitor is in standby mode. WAs) A, B, D.

2.0 Networking What is the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)? A) A secure tunnel through a public network that connects two ends of a private network B) The directory of domain names and IP addresses C) The protocol that delivers status and error messages at the network layer D) W hen a router converts the client's private IP address into a valid public address CA) THIS works at the network layer and delivers status and error messages. - It is used by diagnostic utilities such as ping and tracert. WA1) THIS is the Internet's equivalent of a phone book. It maintains a directory of domain names and translates them to IP addresses. WA2) THIS connects the components and resources of two (private) networks securely over another (public) network. WA3) THIS is when clients on the local network connect via a router and the router converts the client's private IP address into a valid public address.

C) The protocol that delivers status and error messages at the network layer WAs) DNS, VPN, NAT.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing A user is requesting to be able to virtualize a Windows 10 Professional workstation on their computer. You learn that the user has an Apple computer. Which virtualization solution do you choose to install? A) ESXi B) Hyper-V C) VMWare Fusion D) VMWare Workstation CA) THIS is type-2 virtualization hypervisor that can be used to run guest operating systems on an Apple computer. - A type-2 hypervisor requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware. WA1) THIS is a type-2 hypervisor for Windows PCs. - A type-2 hypervisor requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware. WA2) THIS is a type-1 hypervisor that is included with Windows 10 Professional. - A type-1 hypervisor has direct communication with the system's physical hardware. WA3) THIS is a server hypervisor from VMWare. - It is a type-1 hypervisor that does not require an underlying operating system and has direct access to the host system hardware.

C) VMware Fusion WAs) D, B, A.

3.0 Hardware Where is the memory controller located in a Core 2 Duo system? A) On the CPU B) On memory C) Within the chipset D) Within the PCIe controller CA) On Core 2 Duo, Quad, and Extreme systems, the memory controller is located within THIS area. - It is known as the Memory Controller Hub (MCH) by Intel, a.k.a: the Northbridge. WA1) Don't look HERE for the memory controller on this particular system. WA2) On AMD systems and newer Intel systems such as the Core i5 or i7, the memory controller is located "on-die," meaning HERE. WA3) In hardware-based RAID, a physical version of THIS is used to manage the RAID array. - IT is designed to support a specific drive format such as SATA or SCSI.

C) Within the chipset WAs) B, A, D.

2.0 Networking Which command line tool can be used to establish if a link is working? A) netstat B) nslookup C) ping D) tracert CA) THIS utility is a command-line diagnostic tool used to test whether a host can communicate with another host on the same network or on a remote network. It is the basic tool to use to establish that a link is working. WA1) THIS tool can be used to investigate open ports and connections on the local host. - You can use this tool to verify whether file sharing or email ports are open on a server and whether other clients are connecting to them. WA2) THIS command-line utility is used to trace the route a packet of information takes to get to its target. WA3) THIS command can help you troubleshoot DNS if you suspect a problem with name resolution.

C) ping WAs) netstat, tracert, nslookup.

1.0 Mobile Devices What speed does Thunderbolt 3 support? A) 5 Gbps B) 10 Gbps C) 20 Gbps D) 40 Gbps CA) Thunderbolt 3 doubles the speed of the prior version 2 by these supporting speeds over a short high-quality cable (up to 0.5 m / 1.6 ft). - Thunderbolt 3 uses a USB-C connector. WA1) Thunderbolt (1 and) 2 has THIS maximum throughput speed and uses a Mini-DP connector. - Thunderbolt 1 and 2 devices can be connected to a Thunderbolt 3 port by using an adapter cable. - This is what USB 3.2 is noted to be able to support, but only via USB-C connectors. WA2) Is what USB 3.1 ports are capable of in speed. WA3) Is what USB 3.0 ports are capable of in speed.

D) 40 Gbps WAs) C, B, A.

3.0 Hardware Which of the following open source operating systems is not widely used on desktops but is very widely used on servers? A) Android B) Chrome OS C) iOS D) Linux CA) As a desktop operating system (OS), THIS tends to be used in schools and universities more than in business or in the home. - As a server OS, it dominates the market for web servers. - It is also used very widely as the OS for "smart" appliances and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. WA1) It is proprietary and was derived from our correct answer. - It is developed by Google to run on specific laptop (______book) and PC (______box) hardware. WA2) It is the operating system for Apple's iPhone smartphone and iPad tablet. - While also derived from UNIX, it is a closed source operating system. WA3) THIS is a smartphone/tablet OS developed by the Open Handset Alliance, primarily driven by Google. It is an open-source OS, based on our correct answer.

D) Linux WAs) B, C, A.

3.0 Hardware Which of these technologies replaced Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA)? A) Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) B) Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI) C) Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) D) Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) CA) THIS is the standard means of attaching internal storage drives to a desktop PC. It has superseded the legacy Parallel ATA (PATA) technology. WA1) THIS is another parallel bus where one Host Bus Adapter (HBA) can control multiple devices, attached by internal ribbon cables or external ____ cables. WA2) THIS is the logical interface used by ____ (our correct answer) devices to communicate with the host's bus and is not hardware connection technology. WA3) THIS is a technology very popular in the server market where it offers point-to-point links and none of the termination issues of (1).

D) SATA WAs) SCSI, AHCI, SAS.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting Which of these is NOT a problem associated with accessing a printer shared over a network? A) The user is not in the correct security group. B) There is a problem with the disk hosting the printer spool. C) The security software is causing a problem. D) The USB cable from the printer to the computer is faulty. CA) When troubleshooting a local printer, you want to check the USB connection between the host PC and printer, and make sure connectors are secure. - However, network-shared printers are connected wirelessly or via wired Ethernet connections to the network. WA1) If the user does not have correct permissions to print, add the relevant security group or user object to the printer. Simpler yet, do THIS the other way around for the user. WA2) If the print permissions are correct, check that THIS is not causing a problem by trying to scan the spool folder, and verify permissions on the spool folder itself. WA3) If you have having problems accessing a printer shared over a network, investigate THIS for problems.

D) The USB cable from the printer to the computer is faulty. WAs) A, C, B.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What can you determine for certain if you receive "destination unreachable" message when your ping is unsuccessful? A) ICMP is being blocked by a firewall. B) The physical cabling is bad. C) The switch is broken. D) There is no routing information. CA) "Destination unreachable" means that the local computer or an intermediate router does not know how to get to that IP address. WA1) "Destination unreachable" does NOT mean THIS. = There are other things that you should check as well, such as the local IP configuration and router. WA2) While THIS can be the cause of "destination unreachable" ping responses, there are other issues here that can cause a "destination unreachable" ping message, such as other hardware or configuration problems. WA3) "Destination unreachable" messages are not just the result of THIS. - You also need to check the local IP settings such as the IP address, subnet mask, as well as other hardware or cabling problems.

D) There is no routing information. WAs) A, B, C.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting If you have an intermittent problem in the structured cabling, what can you do to determine its cause? A) Install a new permanent link. B) Remove any external interference. C) Re-terminate the cable. D) Use cable testing tools. CA) If the problem is in the structured cabling, you will want to use THESE to determine its cause, especially if the problem is intermittent (that is, if the problem comes and goes). WAs) DOING ANY OF THESE may be a solution to the intermittent cabling problem, but it will not help determine the problem's initial cause.

D) Use cable testing tools. WAs) (EITHER) A, B, or C.

2.0 Networking Which of the following network authentication methods uses credentials that are verified against a user database? A) Host-based authentication B) Kerberos C) Public key authentication D) Username/password CA) THIS requires the client to submit credentials that are verified by SSH either against a local user database or using an authentication server. WA1) THIS allows Single Sign On (SSO) on a network that runs its authentication protocol of the same name. - Windows Active Directory domain networks use THIS. WA2) THIS provides non-interactive login, relying on public key authentication between the server and the client but there is considerable risk from intrusion if a client host's private key is compromised. WA3) THIS is a network authentication method that can be used for each user account. - The user's private key can be configured with a passphrase that must be input to access the key, providing an additional measure of protection compared to host-based authentication.

D) Username/password WAs) B, A, C.

4.0 Virtualization and Cloud Computing You are in the process of moving a virtualized environment from an old host computer to a new host computer. You are using VMWare Workstation for the virtualization. You have forgotten where you have saved the guest virtual disk image files on the old host computer. What file extensions can you search for so you may copy the disk images to the new host computer? A) VFD B) VHD C) VHDX D) VMDK CA) THIS is a virtualization storage format that is associated with VMWare Workstation and ESX server products. WA1) THIS file extension is associated with newer Hyper-V virtual machine disk images. - THIS has many improvements over (2), the most notable being a capacity increase (a limit of 64 TB). WA2) THIS is an older virtual disk file format used by Microsoft in virtualization products such as Hyper-V. - Prior to Windows Server 2012, IT was the standard format, before (1) was introduced, having a capacity limit of 2TB. WA3) THIS is a virtualized floppy disk drive.

D) VMDK WAs) VHDX, VHD, VFD.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting When troubleshooting a PC, what is a good way to analyze the computer problem systematically? A) Isolate the issue to multiple subsystems by eliminating causes of the problem. B) Overlook the obvious. C) Step through what should not happen. D) Work in layers. CA) A good way to consider a computer problem systematically is to go up or down in this fashion. - For example, you can start with checking the power, then the hardware components, then drivers/firmware, then software, then network, and finally user actions. WA1) You should step through THE EXACT OPPOSITE, either yourself or by observing the user, and identify the point at which there is a failure or error. WA2) When considering a computer problem systematically, know this — sometimes seemingly intractable problems are caused by the simplest things. WA3) If you can isolate your investigation to a subsystem by eliminating THE EXACT OPPOSITE, you can troubleshoot the problem more quickly.

D) Work in layers. WAs) C, B, A.

2.0 Networking In a large network, to which of the following devices would you NOT assign a static Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address? A) Network-attached printer B) Router C) Web server D) Workstation CA) This, being in a large network, should obtain its IP address via DHCP. - Configuring IP statically on each workstation can be very time consuming and prone to errors that can potentially disrupt communication on the network. WA1) THIS has a dedicated functionality and should have a static IP address. WA2) THIS hosts applications and should have a static IP address. - Servers and resources that are accessed regularly by users generally have static IP addresses. WA3) THIS is part of network infrastructure and as such, should have a static IP address.

D) Workstation WAs) A, C, B.

5.0 Hardware and Network Troubleshooting What do you need to be aware of when hot swapping a faulty RAID disk? A) All RAID solutions allow hot swapping. B) Hot swapping a faulty RAID disk requires you to shut down the OS. C) Hot swapping uses cabled connectors. D) You should not remove a healthy disk from the array. CA) When hot swapping a faulty disk, take caution TO NOT DO THIS, as making a mistake could cause the array to fail. WA1) FALSE. Hardware RAID is often able TO DO THIS, thereby keeping the system operational all the time. WA2) Hot swapping is a feature of high-end ________ RAID solutions ONLY and requires compatible controller and disk units. - While this is usually a server-level feature, it might be implemented on high-end workstations. WA3) FALSE. Hot swappable drives ACTUALLY plug (or ""mate"") into a combined data and power port on the enclosure. - Drives can be easily added and removed from the front of the case without having to open the chassis.

D) You should not remove a healthy disk from the array. WAs) B, A, C.

LAPTOP DISPLAY TYPES [Twisted Nemantic (TN), In-Plane Switching (IPS)] KEY FEATURES 1) Better Color Reproduction 2) Better Viewing Angles 3) Better Color Shift & Distortion at Angled Viewings 4) Fast Response Times 5) High Brightness 6) Less Power Drawn 7) Better Contrast & Blacks (currently)

LAPTOP DISPLAY TYPES SOLUTION: TN = [3, 4, 5, 6] IPS = [1, 2, 7]

NETWORK CABLE MATCHING TYPES [T568a, T568b] COLORS 1 [Blue, Brown, Green, Orange] COLORS 2 [Blue/White, Brown/White, Green/White, Orange/White] 8 PINS (Colors for each)

NETWORK CABLE MATCHING SOLUTION T568a 1 and 2) Green/White + Green 3 and 4) Orange/White + Blue 5 and 6) Blue/White + Orange 7 and 8) Brown/White + Brown T568b 1 and 2) Orange/White + Orange 3 and 4) Green/White + Blue 5 and 6) Blue/White + Green 7 and 8) Brown/White + Brown

RAM MATCHING: TYPES [DDR-200, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4] Memory Clock (MHz) [100, 100-266, 200-400] Bus Clock (MHz) [100, 200-533, 400-1066, 800-1600] Data Rate (MT/s) [200, 400-1066, 800-2133, 1600-3200] Transfer Rate (Gbps) [1.6, 3.2-8.5, 6.4-17.066, 12.8-25.6]

RAM MATCHING SOLUTION: Types: Memory Clock (MHz), Bus Clock (MHz), Data Rate (MT/s), Transfer Rate (Gbps) DDR-200 = [100, 100, 200, 1.6] DDR2 = [100-266, 200-533, 400-1066, 3.2-8.5] DDR3 = [100-266, 400-1066, 800-2133, 6.4-17.066] DDR4 = [200-400, 800-1600, 1600-3200, 12.8-25.6]

[MATCH EM' UP] HYPERVISORS [Type-1, Type-2] WHAT THEY DO [does not require an underlying operating system and has direct access to the host system (physical) hardware, requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware.]

[MATCH EM' UP SOLUTION] Type-1 == does not require an underlying operating system and has direct access to the host system (physical) hardware Type-2 == requires an underlying operating system and does not have direct access to the host system's hardware.

[MATCH EM' UP] Standards for 802.11 [A, B, G, N, AC] Transfer Rates [1.7 Gbps, 11 Mbps, 54 Mbps, 288.8 Mbps/stream (Single Channel), 600 Mbps/stream (Bonded Channels)] Band [2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, BOTH]

[MATCH EM' UP SOLUTION] A = [54 Mbps, 5 GHz] B = [11 Mbps, 2.4 GHz] G = [54 Mbps, 2.4 GHz] N = [288.8 Mbps/stream (Single Channel), 600 Mbps/stream (Bonded Channels), BOTH] AC = [1.7 Gbps, 5 GHz ONLY]