Older Adult Exam 1

Biomedical perspective: allopathy

- Conventional "Western" medicine/treatment - Treats pathologies and symptoms over the person

memory has how many components?

3 - immediate - short-term - remote/long-term

An indicator of cardiac events and inflammation is: A. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) B. Serum Iron C. Thyroxin D. Folic Acid

A

An indicator of cardiac events and inflammation is: A. CRP. B. serum iron. C. thyroxin. D. folic acid.

A

Restless leg syndrome is a part of: A. akathisia B. tardive dyskinesia C. acute dystonia D. bradykinisia

A

Drugs and their metabolites are excreted primarily through: A. sweat. B. saliva. C. liver. D. kidneys.

D

Gerontological nurses can shape the world of persons where they can thrive and grow old, not merely survive by utilizing which of the following wellness-based strategies? A. Minimize limitations B. Facilitate adaptation C. Maximize strengths D. All of the above

D

Health literacy is linked to which of the following? A. Inadequate preventative care B. Medication errors C. Poor health D. All of the above

D

Obstacles to cross-cultural care include: A. cultural destructiveness. B. stereotyping. C. ethnocentrism. D. all of the above.

D

Of the following four demographics, which has the lowest life expectancy? A. White females B. Black females C. White males D. Black males

D

naturalistic or holistic perspective

- "Eastern" medicine, based on the concept of balance - yin-yang(Chinese), hot & cold(Latino), Ayurveda - balance of elements(India) - TX: herbs, acupuncture, deep-breathing

Magico-religious health belief

- health and illness controlled by supernatural forces or a higher power - "Folk" medicine: voodoo, root work, hexing - TX: meditating, fasting, prayer circles, rituals

centenarian

100-109 years old

super centenarians

110+ years old

when did immunizations become a standard of care?

1960+

Erickson's stage for elders is: A. ego integrity vs. self despair B. trust vs. mistrust C. ego integrity vs. shame & doubt D. identity vs. confusion

A

Which developed country has no system for universal LTC? A. United States B. Canada C. Sweden D. Japan

A

Several ways in which elders construct their life story are: SATA A. reminiscing B. autobiography C. journaling D. hallucinating

A, B, C

Benefits of reminiscing and storytelling in elders are: SATA A. decreasing stress B. reducing behavior problems C. helping live in the past to forget the present D. enhancing the quantity and quality of communication

A, B, D

When talking with seniors you can expect which of the following as "normal"? SATA A. slower responses B. being hard of hearing C. stories from their younger days D. having poor vision

A, C

A nurse is talking to her elder patients in a slow, loud, high-pitched voice. You should: A. do nothing, this is normal B. talk to her about why we should not use elderspeak C. report her to the charge nurse for ageism D. reprimand her and threaten to report her if she repeats it

B

Components of cognitive function include all of the following except: A. thought. B. deception. C. judgment. D. attention.

B

Most laboratory findings and their meanings are the same for: A. Men and women B. Older adults and younger adults C. Younger adults of the same age D. Family members

B

Most laboratory findings and their meanings are the same for: A. men and women. B. older adults and younger adults. C. younger adults of the same age. D. family members.

B

Participants must meet the criteria for nursing home admission, prefer to remain in the community, and be eligible for Medicare and Medicaid in what program? A. INTERACT B. PACE C. Residential Care Community D. ADS

B

The FAST tool is an assessment tool to gauge: A. ADLs B. Alzheimers C. depression D. mood

B

The FAST tool is an assessment tool to gauge: A. ADLs. B. Alzheimer's. C. depression. D. mood.

B

Which gender in both white and black Americans has the lowest life expectancy? A. Females B. Males C. There is no difference between males and females D. none of the above

B

Which of the following is most likely to mimic symptoms of Parkinson's disease? A. Antidepressants B. Antipsychotics C. Antianxiety agents D. Mood stabilizers

B

Which of the following is most likely to mimic symptoms of Parkinson's disease? A. antidepressants B. antipsychotics C. anti-anxiety agents D. mood stabilizers

B

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicates that the highest use of herbals and supplements were among: A. African Americans B. Asians C. White Caucasian D. Hispanic

C

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicates that the highest use of herbals and supplements were among: A. African Americans. B. Asians. C. White Caucasian. D. Hispanic.

C

The TimeSlips program is an innovative, evidence-based program that uses _______ as a therapy. A. reminiscence B. autobiography C. storytelling D. journaling

C

The shared and learned beliefs, expectations, and behaviors of a group of people are defined as: A. social mores. B. ethnicity. C. culture. D. acculturation.

C

Which country has the most people over 100? A. US B. France C. Japan D. United Kingdom

C

Which is NOT part of the wellness-based model? A. Environmental B. Intellectual C. Movable D. Social

C

Communicating strategies for elders with hearing impairment include: A. speaking slowly B. using a picture board C. giving one-step directions D. speaking at the elders level

D

Communication strategies for elders with hearing loss include: A. talk loudly B. speak slowly C. give each person a pet name D. talk on their level

D

Dressing, bathing, toileting, and feeding are examples of what? A. Functional markers B. IADLs C. Cognitive markers D. ADLs

D

Drugs and their metabolites are excreted primarily through: A. Sweat B. Saliva C. Liver D. Kidneys

D

The greatest increase in aging by group percentage is occurring among those: A. 60 and older. B. 65 and older. C. 75 and older. D. 85 and older.

D

The life story is constructed through all of the following except: A) reminiscing. B) journaling. C) life review. D) reading.

D

Which of the following are considered types of abuse? A. Medical B. Abandonment C. Discrimination D. All of the above

D

Which of the following is chemically equivalent to the statins? A. Saw palmetto B. Hawthorn C. Echinacea D. Red Yeast Rice

D

Which of the following is chemically equivalent to the statins? A. Saw palmetto B. Hawthorn C. Echinacea D. Red yeast rice

D

Who is allowed to act legally on behalf of the older adult's finances without court intervention? A. Someone identified as health care proxy for the person B. Someone identified as the guardian for the person C. Someone identified as the conservator for the person D. Someone identified as the power of attorney for the person

D

Worm-like movements of body are called: A. Acute dystonia B. Akathisia C. Parkinsonian symptoms D. Tardive dyskinesia

D

Worm-like movements of body are called: A. acute dystonia B. akathisia C. parkinsonian syndrome D. tardive dyskinesia

D

how is health measured?

Mortality, morbidity, length of life, premature death, and quality of life

What is the most well-known model for cross-cultural gerontologic care?

PACE

self-neglect

People fail to meet their own basic needs in the manner in which the average person would in similar circumstances

acculturation

a process where a persons from one culture adapt to another culture

In order for mistreatment to occur, the perpetrator and vulnerable elder must have what?

a trusting relationship of some kind

how is being "healthy" described as?

absence of physical and psychiatric illness

Wellness based model for healthy aging is based on...

acute or chronic situations

tertiary prevention

addresses the needs when day-to-day life is challenged, slowing the disease and limiting complications ex: caring for diabetes

Positive neuroplasticity

adults can strengthen and increase neuronal connections

chronological aging

aging based on a person's years lived from birth, generally around 50-65

stereotyping

application of limited knowledge of race ethnicity, age, or culture to an individual

geragogy

application of principles of adult learning theory to teach interventions for older adults

ethnocentrism

belief that one ethnic/cultural group is superior to another

cultural blindness

belief that there are no differences

the "those in between" ages

between centenarians and baby boomers, born from 1915-1945

health literacy

capacity to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information

crystallized intelligence

composed of knowledge and abilities acquired through education and life ex: book smarts

fluid intelligence

consists of skills biologically determined, independent of experience or learnings ex: street smarts

enculturation

cultural beliefs passed down from one generation to another

secondary prevention

early detection and treatment of disease ex: health screenings

Race is a phenotype as expressed in observable traits such as...

eye color facial structure hair texture skin tones

neglect

failure of action by caregiver or through one's own behavior choices

wellness-based model includes what

functional environmental intellectual psychological spiritual social biological

cultural skills in communication include

handshake eye contact use of silence spoken communication

definition of culture

learned values, beliefs, expectations, and behaviors of a group of people

Population health status considerations are based on...

life expectancy morbidity mortality

what does the wellness based model emphasize on?

maximize strengths minimize limitations facilitate adaptation encourage growth

What does the term "geriatrics" recognize?

medical care of persons in later life differed from other groups in the population

undue Influence

occurs when one party to a contract is in a position of trust and wrongfully dominates the other party

who is the fastest growing group using computers and the internet?

older adults

biological aging

outward expression of individual genetic makeup (phenotype)

baby boomers

people born between 1946 and 1964

healthy aging must be viewed from ____ to death

prenatal

health disparity

refers to the differences in health outcomes b/w groups (those with power vs without power)

health inequities

result from differences in the distribution of wealth

which "memory" goes first?

short-term

primary prevention

strategies that can are used to prevent illness before it occurs ex: vaccination

cultural destructiveness

systematic elimination of the recognized culture

cultural proficiency

the ability to move smoothly b/w two worlds for the promotion of health and caring for persons

memory is defined as

the ability to retain and store information and retrieve when needed

lack of capacity

the ability to understand the problem at hand, the choice made, and its consequences

ethnicity refers to...

the cultural group with which one self-identifies

cultural diversity

the existence of more than one group with differing values and perspectives

epigenetics leads to a new understanding of what?

the impact of environmental factors

phenotype definition

the outward expressions of genetic makeup

cognition

the process of acquiring, storing, sharing and using information

What does "commonly found" mean?

there IS pathology and it is frequently seen

What does "normal" mean?

there is NO pathology

why will the majority of the population be women in the years to come?

they live longer than men

The National Prevention Council's priorities

tobacco-free living preventing drug abuse & excessive alcohol use health eating injury & violence free living reproductive & sexual health mental & emotional well-being

what defines being "old"?

when the person is no longer able to perform usual activities