online history chapter 3

a government run by the people who are under it

democracy

Washington's main objective as president of the United States was to:

establish respect for the office of the presidency

Hamilton justified the establishment of a national bank by

having it hold funds lending money developing currency

What did Washington deliver in 1796?

his "Farewell Address"

Washington's proclamation of neutrality of 1793 was:

made because the United States was too weak to wage war

what was the Alien Enemies Act?

permitted the President to imprison or deport dangerous aliens in time of war

Pinckney's Treaty was an agreement between the United States and

spain

a member of a party opposed to the Federalists

Anti-Federalist

What did the Hamiltonians call their opponents?

Antifederalists

When _____ started to seize American ships, John Jay was sent to negotiate a peaceful agreement.

Great Britain

first secretary of the treasury

Hamilton

attorney general under Washington who strongly opposed Jay's treaty

Randolph

second president of the United States

Adams

What was the opposition group known as at this time?

Democratic Republicans

French representative sent to the United States to seek American support against Britain

Genet

first secretary of state

Jefferson

drafter of the Bill of Rights

Madison

Marbury v. Madison was the first of many important decisions made by what man during his thirty-five years as chief justice of the Supreme Court?

Marshall

Who did President Jefferson send to France to negotiate with Napoleon?

Monroe

What did the Hamiltonians choose to call themselves?

The Federalist Party

What began in 1789?

The French Revolution

envoy to Spain who negotiated the 1796 treaty that guaranteed free navigation

Pinckney

Who won president and vice president after Washington?

President-John Adams Vice President-Thomas Jefferson

What paper did Jefferson and Madison publish?

The National Gazette

What was the issue with France where 3 representatives wanted $250,00 before they would sign a treaty known as?

The XYZ affair

neutrality

The attitude or policy of a nation that does not take part directly or indirectly in a war between other nations.

suffrage

The right to vote.

impress

To force men to serve in the armed forces.

The first political parties were formed around regional and economic differences.

True

Jefferson's government was the beginning of:

a wise and popular government in the United States

The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, made in opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts:

claimed that the states could nullify any actions by the federal government that they judged unconstitutional

The Embargo Act was an attempt to:

exert pressure on England after the Chesapeake Affair

Many Americans opposed Hamilton's proposal to have the national government assume debts owed by the states because

states that had already paid a large proportion of their debt would have to help pay the debts of other states

Which of the following was a factor in ending the alliance between France and the United States?

steadily increasing American partiality for England French interception and impounding of American vessels bound for England the XYZ Affair wherein a high monetary price was placed as a condition for a treaty with France

a list of duties or taxes that a government charges on imports or exports

tariff

The executive departments established were:

the State Department the treasury department the war department the attorney generals office

What did Washington's farewell address warn American citizens about?

the evils of sectional jealousy and "the baneful effects of the spirit of party"

Why was Jay's treaty important?

1.the danger of war between the two countries was removed for the time being. 2.It marked this country's first use of negotiation as a means of settling an international dispute 3. It prepared the way for settlement of the long dispute with Spain.

A separate vote for president and vice president was required by the _______ Amendment to the Constitution.

12th

caucus

A meeting of members of a political party to make plans, choose candidates, or decide how to vote.

What was the Sedition Act?

authorized fines up to $5,000 and imprisonment for as long as five years for anyone who tried to hinder the operation of the government

A _____ is a meeting of the members of a political party.

caucus

Those who opposed Hamilton's financial policies were northern merchants who believed in government by the wealthy and powerful.

false

Leaders of the two political parties were Hamilton of the ________ Party and Madison and Jefferson of the ___________ Party.

federalist republican

Alien and Sedition Acts

forced through Congress by the Federalists

The _______ reacted to Jay's Treaty with England by beginning to capture American ships.

french

What was the Alien Act?

permitted the President to deport aliens whom he judged "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States."

The Judiciary Act of 1789

provided for a chief justice and five associate justices

What was the Naturalization Act?

required a foreigner to live in the United States for fourteen years, rather than for five years, before he could become a citizen and vote

The Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution, adopted in 1804, _____.

required the electoral college to vote separately for president and vice president

Hamilton proposed paying the entire national debt at its face value in order to:

restore the nation's economic credit so that the government could raise money in the future

The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to:

restrain Republican opposition to the Federalist administration

Jay's Treaty with England was unpopular in the United States because the British did not promise to stop interfering with American ______

shipping

Judiciary Act

was an effort to preserve Federalist principles

Which TWO states declared the Alien and Sedition Acts void and of no force within their boundaries?

Virginia and Kentucky

embargo

An order of a government forbidding merchant ships to enter or leave its ports.

The United States was brought to the brink of war with England in 1794 because of:

British seizure of American ships and impressment of American seamen

The practice by the British of impressing American seamen was brought to a head by the:

Chesapeake Affair

blockade

Control of who or what goes into or out of a place, especially by police or by an army or by a navy.

monopoly

Exclusive control of a commodity or service.

The United States could not reach acceptable terms of settlement with France regarding peaceful shipping.

False

The XYZ Affair was an attempt by the United States to negotiate a peaceful agreement with what country?

France

What were the problems of foreign affairs facing the new nation?

French Revolution, British seizure of American ships, a treaty with England, and a treaty with Spain.

President Jefferson appointed what man as secretary of the treasury?

Gallatin

minister to Britain who negotiated a treaty in 1795

Jay

"A wise and frugal government" was the goal that what man, as stated in his inaugural address?

Jefferson

Who did Washington send to England in 1794 to make peace?

John Jay, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

Who won the election of 1800?

Thomas Jefferson as President and Aaron Burr as Vice President

Who was sent to conclude a treaty with Spain in 1795?

Thomas Pinckney

boycott

To refuse to buy or use (a product or service); to join together against and have nothing to do with (a person, business, nation, employer, or any other person or thing) in order to coerce or punish.

Hamilton's economic measures were prompted by his determination to strengthen the national government

True

Jefferson's term of office was not quite the "revolution" he later remembered

True

Napoleon was anxious to sell the Louisiana Territory because he needed money to continue his war with England.

True

Opposition to Hamilton's policies led to the organization of the Republican Party and the Federalist Party.

True

The Alien and Sedition Acts were a costly mistake for the Federalists because they were contrary to the ideas found in the Bill of Rights

True

The Constitution made no mention of a presidential cabinet.

True

The United States did not take either side in the French Revolution but adopted a position of strict neutrality.

True

Thomas Pinckney's treaty with Spain won the United States free navigation of the Mississippi and permission for American traders to deposit goods for shipment at the mouth of the river.

True

What president established the custom of using the heads of various departments for his personal advisers?

Washington