ops ch 3
The ________ distribution is used by PERT analysis to calculate expected activity times and variances. A. Gaussian B. Alpha C. Beta D. Normal E. Binomial
beta
An activity on a PERT network has these time estimates: optimistic = 2, most likely = 5, and pessimistic = 10. What is its expected activity time? A. 5.67 B. 5.00 C. 32.00 D. 5.33 E. 10.67
5.33
The ________ distribution is used by PERT analysis to calculate expected activity times and variances. A. Binomial B. Normal C. Beta D. Gaussian E. Alpha
Beta
Which of the following statements regarding CPM networks is true? A. There can be multiple critical paths on the same project, all with different durations. B. If a specific project has multiple critical paths, all of them will have the same duration. C. The early finish of an activity is the latest early start of all preceding activities. D. The late start of an activity is its late finish plus its duration. E. None of the above are true.
If a specific project has multiple critical paths, all of them will have the same duration.
A contractor's project being analyzed by PERT has an estimated time for the critical path of 120 days. The sum of all activity variances is 81; the sum of variances along the critical path is 64. What is the probability that the project will take 130 or more days to complete? A. 0.8512 B. 0.1057 C. 0.1335 D. 0.8943 E. 1.29
0.1057
Which of the following statements regarding CPM is true? A. All activities on the critical path have their ES equal to their LF. B. The critical path is the shortest of all paths through the network. C. Some networks have no critical path. D. The critical path is that set of activities that has positive slack. E. All activities on the critical path have their LS equal to the maximum EF of all immediate predecessors.
All activities on the critical path have their LS equal to the maximum EF of all immediate predecessors.
The difference between AON and AOA networks is that: A. nodes designate activities in AON, while arrows designate activities in AOA. B. both are acceptable in practice; however, Microsoft Project uses AON. C. nodes consume no resources or time in AOA networks. D. AOA networks sometimes require dummy activities. E. All of the above are true.
All of the above are true.
Which of the following represents the FIRST step to crash a project? A. Update all activity times. B. Find the critical path(s) in the project network. C. Compute the crash cost per week for each activity in the network. D. Select the best activity to be crashed and crash it by one period.
Compute the crash cost per week for each activity in the network.
Which of the following statements regarding CPM networks is true? A. There can be multiple critical paths on the same project, all with different durations. B. The early finish of an activity is the latest early start of all preceding activities. C. The late start of an activity is its late finish plus its duration. D. If a specific project has multiple critical paths, all of them will have the same duration. E. None of the above are true.
If a specific project has multiple critical paths, all of them will have the same duration.
Which of the following activities are NOT part of project scheduling? A. Decide how long each activity will take. B. Compute resources needed at each stage of production. C. Make sure all necessary activities are finished in proper sequence and on time. D. Chart separate schedules for personnel needs by type of skill and materials needs.
Make sure all necessary activities are finished in proper sequence and on time.
Which of the following statements regarding critical paths is true? A. Every network has only one critical path. B. The duration of the critical path is the average duration of all paths in the project network. C. On a specific project, there can be multiple critical paths, all with exactly the same duration. D. Some activities on the critical path may have slack. E. The shortest of all paths through the network is the critical path.
On a specific project, there can be multiple critical paths, all with exactly the same duration.
The main difference between PERT and CPM is that: A. PERT assumes that activity durations are known. B. PERT employs three time estimates for each activity. C. PERT ignores activity costs. D. CPM assumes activity durations can vary. E. PERT is more accurate than CPM.
PERT employs three time estimates for each activity.
Which of the following is an advantage of PERT and CPM? A. Straightforward concept and not mathematically complex. B. Project activities have to be clearly defined, independent, and stable in their relationships. C. Useful in monitoring only schedules. D. Precedence relationships must be specified and networked together.
Straightforward concept and not mathematically complex.
A simple CPM network has three activities, A, B, and C. A is an immediate predecessor of B and of C. B is an immediate predecessor of C. The activity durations are Aequals4, Bequals3, Cequals8. A. The critical path cannot be determined without knowing PERT expected activity times. B. The critical path is A-C, duration 12. C. The critical path is A-B-C, duration 15. D. The network has no critical path. E. The critical path is A-B-C, duration 13.5
The critical path is A-B-C, duration 15.
Which of the following statements concerning CPM activities is false? A. The late finish is the earliest of the late start times of all successor activities. B. The late start of an activity is its late finish less its duration. C. The late finish of an activity is the earliest late start of all preceding activities. D. The early finish of an activity is the early start of that activity plus its duration. E. The early start of an activity is the latest early finish of all preceding activities.
The late finish of an activity is the earliest late start of all preceding activities.
Which of the following statements regarding PERT times is true? A. The most likely time estimate is an estimate of the maximum time an activity will require. B. The optimistic time estimate is an estimate of the maximum time an activity will require. C. The pessimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require. D. The optimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require. E. The expected time estimate is calculated as t = (a + 4m + b).
The optimistic time estimate is an estimate of the minimum time an activity will require.
Which of the following statements is an assumption PERT makes regarding the probability of finishing the project on time? A. Total project completion times follow a uniform probability distribution. B. Total project completion times follow a normal probability distribution. C. Activity times are statistically identical. D. Activity times are statistically dependent.
Total project completion times follow a normal probability distribution.
Dummy activities A. cannot be on the critical path. B. are found in both AOA and AON networks. C. have a duration equal to the shortest non-dummy activity in the network. D. are used when two activities have identical starting and ending events.
are used when two activities have identical starting and ending events.
The critical path of a network is the A. path with the most activities. B. longest time path through the network. C. path with the fewest activities. D. shortest time path through the network.
longest time path through the network.
The most realistic estimate of the time required to complete an activity is referred to as what? A. slack time B. pessimistic time C. optimistic time D. most likely time
most likely time
Which of the following is used for computations in CPM? A. normal time B. most likely time C. pessimistic time D. optimistic time
normal time
Which of the following statements regarding critical paths is true? A. The shortest of all paths through the network is the critical path. B. Every network has only one critical path. C. On a specific project, there can be multiple critical paths, all with exactly the same duration. D. The duration of the critical path is the average duration of all paths in the project network. E. Some activities on the critical path may have slack.
on a specific project, there can be multiple critical paths, all with exactly the same duration
Among the following, critical path and slack time analysis MOST help A. managers define the project activities. B. point out who is responsible for various activities. C. pinpoint activities that need to be closely watched. D. highlight relationships among project activities
pinpoint activities that need to be closely watched.
Gantt charts are A. not widely used. B. widely used network techniques. C. planning charts used to schedule resources and allocate time. D. not easy to understand.
planning charts used to schedule resources and allocate time
The three phases involved in the management of large projects are A. planning, scheduling, and evaluating. B. scheduling, designing, and operating. C. planning, scheduling, and controlling D. scheduling, operating, and evaluating.
planning, scheduling, and controlling
The time an activity will take assuming very unfavorable conditions is: A. the minimum time. B. the activity variance. C. the optimistic time. D. the pessimistic time. E. exactly twice as long as the expected time.
the pessimistic time
The time an activity will take assuming very unfavorable conditions is: A. the optimistic time. B. the minimum time. C. the pessimistic time. D. the activity variance. E. exactly twice as long as the expected time.
the pessimistic time.
PERT analysis computes the variance of the total project completion time as A. the sum of the variances of all activities in the project. B. the variance of the final activity of the project. C. the sum of the variances of all activities on the critical path. D. the sum of the variances of all activities not on the critical path.
the sum of the variances of all activities on the critical path.
The critical path for the network activities shown below is ________ with duration ________. Activity Duration Immediate Predecessors A 4 minus B 2 A C 7 minus D 4 A E 5 B, C, D A. A-B-E; 11 B. A-B-C-D-E; 22 C. C-E; 12 D. A-B-D; 10 E. A-D-E; 13
A-D-E; 13