Organizational Behavior Ch. 14

Ways to manage functional conflict

-Identifying when there is really a conflict -Encouraging open, frank, discussions focused on interest rather than issues

What are causes of conflict according to the traditionalist view?

-general poor communication between people -lack of openness in the organization -management failure to be responsive to employee needs -management failure to be responsive to employee aspirations

What are the 5 stages of the conflict process?

-potential opposition or incompatibility -cognition and personalization -intentions -behavior -outcomes

What are the 5 steps of the negotiation process?

-preparation and planning -ground rules -clarification & justification -bargaining & problem solving -closure & implementation

What are traditional views of conflict?

1930-40 viewed negatively: violence, distraction, irrationality

What is conflict?

A process that begins when one party perceives another party has or is about to negatively affect something that the first party cares about

Arbitrator

Negotiation who has authority to dictate an agreement

Mediator

Neutral third party who facilitates a negotiated solution

If no one is aware of conflict, it is generally agreed that___/

No conflict exists

Relationship conflict

Focuses on interpersonal relationships

Stage 5 of the conflict process

Increased group performance Decreased group performance *Outcomes

Stage 1 of the conflict process

Lack of communication structure of the situation personality differences, emotion and values

Task conflict is related to positive outcomes when____.

Members share goals and have higher levels of trust

The traditional view of conflict argues that conflict___.

Must be avoided

What is the overall goal of conflict management?

achieving the desired conflict level

Which of the following methods of third-party negotiation always results in a settlement

arbitration

The conflict-handling intention of collaborating is

assertive and cooperative

In which stage of the c/onflict process does conflict become visible

behavior

Conflict management techniques can ____ conflict.

both resolve and stimulate

Which of the following is a conflict-stimulation technique?

bringing in outsiders

The categories of causes or sources of conflict include

communication structure personal variables

Conciliator

Trusted third party who provides an informal communication link between the two

Integrative bargaining

One or more settlements that result in a win win both parties are engaged

____ conflicts are not productive

Workplace

During which phase of the negotiation process do the parties exchange their initial proposals or demands?

definition of ground rules

Which of the following personality types is generally recognized as the best type of distributive negotiator?

disagreeable introvert

___ bargaining is negotiation that seeks to divide a "fixed pie"

distributive

What are the two general approaches to bargaining?

distributive and integrative

Distributive bargaining

diving up a fixed amount stick with the amount of resources bring up a dead line result in a win-lose

The dimension of assertiveness refers to situations ____.

in which one party attempts to satisfy his/her own concerns

The ___ view of conflict argues that conflict is necessary for a group to perform effectively

interactionist

The idea of what a person would like to achieve out of a negotiation is called the ___.

target point

Conflict that relates to the content and goals of work is termed ____ conflict.

task

For process conflict to be productive, it must be

kept low

For task conflict to be productive, it should be

kept low to moderate levels

Integrative bargaining focuses on

long-term relationships

Stage II of the conflict process deals with conflict being ____.

perceived and felt

Stage 2 of the conflict process

perceived conflict- awareness by one or more parties felt conflict- emotional involvement in a conflict that creates anxiety

What are the 3 factors that influence how effectively individuals negotiate

personality mood/emotions gender

The first stage of the conflict process is termed___.

potential opposition or incompatibility

According to the interactionist perspective, a group that functions without conflict is ___.

prone to becoming static and apathetic

Which of the following types of conflict identified by the interactionist view is the least functional and the most damaging to productivity?

relationship

_____ conflicts are almost always dysfunctional?

relationship

High job specialization can lead to ___ conflict.

structural

What is the potential sources of conflicts

too much communication group size and specialization short job tenure too little communication

Negotiations

two or more parties exchange goods or services and attempt to agree upon the exchange rate for them negotiation = bargaining

The conflict-handling intention accommodating is

unassertive and cooperative

The conflict-handling intention of avoiding is

unassertive and uncooperative

Stage 4 of the conflict process

Behavior *Where conflict becomes visible, it is always on a range from "no conflict to anninilatory conflict"

What determines the lowest value acceptable to you for a negotiated agreement?

BATNA

Functional conflict

conflict that supports the goals of the group and improves its performance

Stage 3 of the conflict process

Intentions- decisions to act a given way -competing -collaborating -avoiding -accommodation -compromising

___ perspective focuses on productive conflict resolution starting both before and after the behavioral stage of conflict occurs, in order to minimize the negative effects on the organization

Managed Conflict

Task conflict relates ___ to creativity and innovation but ____ related to routine task

Positively Are NOT

In which stage are conflict issues defined?

cognition and personalization

Which of the following conflict-handling orientations might involve attempting to find a win-win solution

collaborating

What are the five conflict-handling intentions?

collaborating competing accommodating avoiding

What is interactionist view?

conflicts is positive and a necessity for a group to perform, not all conflict is good

Task conflict

conflict over content and goals of the work

Process conflict

conflict over how work gets done

Dysfunctional conflict

conflict that hinders a groups performance

In assessing intentions, cooperativeness is the degree to which ___.

one party attempts to satisfy the other party's concerns