Organizational Behavior Chapter 6

SMART

applied goals is an acronym for specific, measurable, attainable, results oriented, and time bound

feedback

as information about individual or collective performance shared with those whose in a position to improve the situation

intermittent reinforcement

consists of reinforcement of some but not all instances of a target behavior

extrinsic rewards

financial, material, and social rewards are all examples of--

360-degree feedback

individuals compare perceptions of their own performance with behaviorally specific (and usually anonymous) performance information from their manager, subordinates, and peers

coaching

is a customized process between two or more people with the intent of enhancing learning and motivating change

pay for performance

is the popular term for monetary incentives that link at least some portion of pay directly to results or accomplishments

evaluating performance

is the process of comparing performance at some point in time to a previously established expectation or goal

positive reinforcement

is the process of strengthening a behavior by contingently PRESENTING something pleasing

punishment

is the process of weakening behavior through either the contingent presentation of something displeasing or the contingent withdrawal of something positive

total rewards

it encompass not only compensation and benefits, but also personal and professional growth opportunities and a motivating work environment that includes recognition, job design, and work-life balance

performance management

it is a set of processes and managerial behaviors that include defining, monitoring, measuring, evaluating, and providing consequences for performance expectations.

learning goal

it promotes enhancing your knowledge or skill

law of effect

it says that behavior with favorable consequences tends to be repeated, while behavior with unfavorable consequences tends to disappear

performance goal

it targets a specific end result

monitoring performance

means measuring, tracking, or otherwise verifying progress and ultimate outcomes

intrinsic rewards

psychic rewards are self-granted

negative reinforcement

strengthens a desired behavior by contingently WITHDRAWING something displeasing

continuous reinforcement

target behavior is reinforced

operant behavior

to behavior learned when we "operate on" the environment to produce desired consequences. some call this view the response-stimulus (R-S) model

respondent behavior

unlearned reflexes or stimulus-response (S-R)

extinction

weakening of behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not reinforced