Organizational Behavior Final Exam

The preemployment stage of organizational socialization would be more effective if

employers and job applicants gave and received accurate information about each other.

The perception of procedural justice in the change process can be improved by

engaging in constructive conversations.

Corporate leaders hope ________ will eventually become the organization's culture and guide the organization's decisions and actions.

espoused values

Values that an organization wants stakeholders to believe exist, which may or may not exist in practice, are called

espoused values.

The open systems view of organizational behavior states that

organizations affect and are affected by their external environments.

Refreezing refers to

aligning the organization's systems with the desired behaviors to support and reinforce the new role patterns.

Which of the following statements is consistent with the concept of the contingency anchor?

A particular action may have different consequences in different situations.

What is the significance of artifacts in organizational culture?

Artifacts represent the directly observable symbols and signs of an organization's culture.

Which of the following best describes work-life integration?

It is important to satisfy the demands and experience the positive emotions of our various segments of life.

________ refers to an organization's moral obligation toward all of its stakeholders.

Corporate social responsibility

When an organization is successful in its markets and is performing well, which of the following is an effective way to create an urgency for change?

Create a future vision of a better organization.

Which of the following is a downside to an integration strategy?

It is slow and potentially risky.

Which of the following is true about using the strategy of integration for merging different corporate cultures?

It creates a new composite culture that preserves the best features of the previous cultures.

Which of these statements is true about the field of organizational behavior (OB)?

It examines how individuals and teams in organizations relate to one another and to their counterparts in other organizations.

How is an open systems perspective important to the field of organizational behavior?

It identifies organizational characteristics that "fit" some external environments better than others.

Which of the following best defines organizational behavior?

OB is the study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations.

Which of the following describes the systematic research anchor?

OB should study organizations by forming questions, collecting data, and testing hypotheses against those data.

Which of the following strategies to reduce the restraining forces should be used only if all other strategies fail?

coercion

________ refers to how well employees take the initiative to anticipate and introduce new work patterns that benefit the organization.

Proactive task performance

________ is a form of conflict, but change agents sometimes interpret that disagreement as relationship conflict.

Resistance

Which of the following conditions would improve organizational effectiveness?

The culture is aligned with the external environment.

Which of the following is a reason that the study of OB is important for students?

The topics OB studies relate to skills that are highly valued by employers.

Which one of the following is true about strong cultures?

They have a stable workforce.

________ are conscious perceptions about what is good or bad, right or wrong.

Values

Whenever a team at Ads Today, an advertising firm, wins a new contract, the successful team rings a loud bell, breaks out a bottle of champagne, and puts a video of this on their website. In organizational culture, this practice would be considered

a ceremony.

How does an inclusive organization view diversity?

a valued resource

Aptitudes and learned capabilities are part of a person's overall

ability.

One problem that communication, learning, and employee involvement have in minimizing resistance to change is that they

are time-consuming.

Which of the following are the observable indicators of organizational culture?

artifacts

According to the attraction-selection-attrition (ASA) theory, job applicants

avoid employment in companies whose values seem incompatible with their own values.

Organizational leaders can minimize cultural collisions in corporate mergers and fulfill their duty of due diligence by conducting a(n)

bicultural audit.

A cross-cultural perspective of organizational change would recognize that

change is seen as cyclical in many cultures.

A low level of employee involvement would be necessary when the

change must occur quickly in the organization.

Pilot projects require ________ in order for employees to understand how the practices in a pilot project apply to them even though they are in a completely different functional area.

clear role perceptions

According to the action research model, the ________ before diagnosing the need for change.

client-consultant relationship needs to be formed

For any organizational change, ________ should be the highest priority and the first strategy utilized.

communication

One of the first steps to minimize a cultural clash in a merger is to

conduct a bicultural audit.

Cross-cultural differences suggest that organizations adopt a(n) ________ to effectively manage change.

contingency perspective

Dave Docket, the installation manager at Kleen Waterproofing, has been receiving customer complaints that several crewmembers either come late to the job or they do not show up at all, without any communication with the customers. The job completion dates keep getting delayed and customer dissatisfaction keeps increasing. Dave has also just hired several new employees who are motivated, able to perform their jobs, and have adequate resources. However, they are not sure what tasks are included in their job. Dave is wondering how he can understand what is going on with his crew behavior and what he can do to improve the situation. Lawrence stole a clock from his workplace. Which of the following refers to Lawrence's activity?

counterproductive behavior

Dave Docket, the installation manager at Kleen Waterproofing, has been receiving customer complaints that several crewmembers either come late to the job or they do not show up at all, without any communication with the customers. The job completion dates keep getting delayed and customer dissatisfaction keeps increasing. Dave has also just hired several new employees who are motivated, able to perform their jobs, and have adequate resources. However, they are not sure what tasks are included in their job. Dave is wondering how he can understand what is going on with his crew behavior and what he can do to improve the situation. Examples of ________ include harassing coworkers, creating unnecessary conflicts, and sabotaging work.

counterproductive work behaviors

The main objective of force field analysis is to help change agents to

diagnose a situation better by understanding the driving and restraining forces for change.

Which of the following refers to the fact that motivation is goal-directed, not random?

direction

One important driver for organizational change is ________, meaning that leaders continually urge employees to strive for higher standards or better practices.

divine discontent

Appreciative inquiry is often a(n) ________, which adopts a whole systems perspective.

large group intervention

The status quo bias is a form of which type of resistance to change?

fear of the unknown

An organization's culture begins with its

founders and leaders.

In the field of organizational behavior, organizations are described as

groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose.

Which of the following may be the most important factor in the success of public-sector organizational change programs?

having a guiding coalition

What does OB view as the most important ingredient in the organization's process of transforming inputs to outputs?

human capital

Organizational behavior emerged as a distinct field

in the early 1940s.

The process of organizational socialization begins

long before the first day of work for the organization.

Presenteeism is more common among employees with

low job security.

Ceremonies are

more formal artifacts than rituals.

Which of the following work settings represents a more collaborative culture?

more team space

Dave Docket, the installation manager at Kleen Waterproofing, has been receiving customer complaints that several crewmembers either come late to the job or they do not show up at all, without any communication with the customers. The job completion dates keep getting delayed and customer dissatisfaction keeps increasing. Dave has also just hired several new employees who are motivated, able to perform their jobs, and have adequate resources. However, they are not sure what tasks are included in their job. Dave is wondering how he can understand what is going on with his crew behavior and what he can do to improve the situation. Assisting coworkers with their work problems, adjusting work schedules to accommodate coworkers, and showing genuine courtesy toward coworkers are some of the forms of

organizational citizenship.

Unfreezing refers to

producing disequilibrium between the driving and restraining forces of change.

A ________ is an individual's beliefs about the terms and conditions of a reciprocal exchange agreement between him- or herself and an employer.

psychological contract

The ________ refers to the individual's beliefs about the terms and conditions of a reciprocal exchange agreement between him- or herself and an employer.

psychological contract

Due to ______, many employees wish for "greater clarity about what the organization needs from me."

role ambiguity

Resolving conflicts between work and nonwork activities mainly occurs during the ________ stage of socialization.

role management

To truly understand an organization's culture one should

sample information from a variety of artifacts.

Many experts believe that ________, which are nonconscious, taken-for-granted perceptions or ideal prototypes of behavior, are the essence of organizational culture.

shared assumptions

A viral change process relies on ________ to improve the change process.

social networks

An employee's readiness for change depends on which model of individual behavior?

the MARS model

One important recent trend in employment relationships has been

the growth of indirect employment.

Which of the following is most closely associated with corporate social responsibility?

triple bottom line

Language is

verbal symbols of shared values and assumptions.