Organizational Behavior Final Exam

Training teams can improve all of the following EXCEPT ​_______________.

resource allocation

Generally​ speaking, in order to have power in a given situation one must have​ _____________.

resource control

Joshua controls all the pay​ rates, raises, and bonuses in your department. He is also able to assign you to an interesting work project and give you the most lucrative sales territory. Joshua has​ ________ power.

reward

A positive organizational culture​ _____________________.

rewards more than it punishes

Repetitive activities that reinforce the values of the organization are known as​ _________________.

rituals

Debbie uses management by​ exception, watching her subordinates for deviations from the standards then taking corrective action. Debbie can be categorized as​ a(n) _______ leader.

transactional

Diverse input is best found in groups of more than​ ________________ members.

12

Approximately what percentage of time does the average manager and professional spend reading and answering​ e-mail each​ day?

28%

Which of the following are NOT important characteristics and factors that lead to authentic leadership and increased​ trust, as well as ethical and effective​ leadership?

A manager reviewing and sharing employee performance reviews with senior subordinates

Which of the following statements about culture is​ FALSE? A. A strong culture should affect organization outcomes more directly because it demonstrates high agreement about what the organization represents. Such unanimity of purpose builds​ cohesiveness, loyalty, and organizational commitment. B. Culture conveys a sense of identity for organization members. C. Individualdash-organization ​"fit"long dash—that ​is, whether the​ applicant's or​ employee's attitudes and behavior are compatible with the culturelong dash—strongly influences who gets a job​ offer, a favorable performance​ review, or a promotion. D. A movement toward more centralized organizations makes culture more important than​ ever, and easier than it had been in the past. This is the correct answer. E. In a strong​ culture, the​ organization's core values are both intensely held and widely shared. The more members there are who accept the core values and the greater their​ commitment, the stronger the culture and the greater its influence on member behavior.

A movement toward more centralized organizations makes culture more important than​ ever, and easier than it had been in the past.

The global recruiting manager for a multinational corporation is designing a new training program for recruiters prioritizing a list of soft skills to identify in job candidates. Which soft skill is most likely to top the global recruiting​ manager's list?

Ability to speak well

In terms of the team effectiveness​ model, the context component of effective teams includes which of the​ following?

Adequate resources

The manager of the marketing team has thoughtfully selected team members with their strengths in mind to play roles based on their skills. Robert examines details and carefully enforces organizational rules and policies. Jen encourages her team members to search for more information while Andy can be relied on to offer insightful analysis of options that are presented. What key role of the team does Jen​ play?

Advisor

It is common for the employer to ask questions that the applicant should complete when filling out an employment application. Which of the following is an employer allowed to​ ask?

An​ applicant's education

The initial selection process might include which of the​ following?

Application

You are acting to help resolve a conflict by creating a settlement. You have the power to dictate an agreement and force a resolution. What role are you acting​ as?

Arbitrator

You are concerned that teamwork takes more time and more resources than assigning individual workers to complete the same task. What should you consider before making a decision to ensure team​ effectiveness?

Assess whether the work requires or will benefit from a collective effort and provide adequate resources.

The manager of the marketing team has thoughtfully selected team members with their strengths in mind to play roles based on their skills. Robert examines details and carefully enforces organizational rules and policies. Jen encourages her team members to search for more information while Andy can be relied on to offer insightful analysis of options that are presented. What key role of the team does Andy​ play?

Assessor

What type of leadership focuses on the moral aspects of​ leadership?

Authentic leadership

Which of the following is NOT a step in the negotiation​ process?

Bargaining and negotiation

With respect to the employee evaluation​ process, the acronym BARS stands for​ ________.

Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales

BATNA in the negotiation process refers to the​ ___________________________________.

Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement

​Deborah's small department requires that communications be passed from one hierarchical level to the next. Deborah is discouraged from going around her immediate manager to share information with those higher in the organization. Which small group network is​ Deborah's department​ using?

Chain

Messages that are routine lend themselves to what type of communication​ channel?

Channel low in richness

Eva is perceived by her team members as having extraordinary leadership abilities. Her strong vision enables her team members to buy in. She has continually taken personal risks to protect her team. On several​ occasions, she has lobbied for innovative approaches with management and is often described as an individual who​ "goes against the​ flow." Eva is​ a(n) _______ leader.

Charismatic

Which of the following would be considered a​ high-context culture?

China

Diana had been approached by her manager several times recently because​ co-workers had complained that she was abrasive and was constantly pointing out work flaws made by a member of the team in team meetings. Which type of training might be useful in this​ case?

Civility

You are a manager who has run into some conflict between two of your departments. Both departments are overworked and complaining that the other department has it easier. You need these departments to work together to come up with a solution and remain on good terms. Which conflict management strategy would be most​ effective?

Collaboration

Which of the following organizational culture characteristics reflects the degree to which activities are organized around teams rather than​ individuals?

Collaboration orientation

Margaret had been having issues with her​ co-worker Lupe for some time now. At​ first, she tried talking to her but things​ didn't improve​ Lupe's aggression.​ Finally, Margaret decided that the only way to stop​ Lupe's aggression was to report her to her supervisor and​ HR, even though she knew it would likely cost Lupe the promotion they were both going after.​ Margaret's intent appears to fall under what​ conflict-handling strategy?

Competing

Which strategy is harmful when trying to negotiate a​ win-win agreement?

Compromise

You are acting to help resolve a conflict by creating a settlement. Both parties trust​ you, and you are acting as a communication link between the opponent and the negotiator. What​ third-party negotiation role does this best​ describe?

Conciliator

Of the​ following, which power tactic tends to be among the most​ effective?

Consultation

Formal appraisal would be more popular in which type of​ country?

Countries high in assertiveness

Franco has recommended a change in his​ company's performance evaluation method. He finds it helpful for managers to focus their attention on differences between effective and ineffective job performance. Which approach to performance evaluation is Franco​ recommending?

Critical incidents

Which of the following is NOT a function of​ culture?

Culture dictates organizational structure and defines the appropriate management style to be used for various levels of employees.

Items such as where the negotiation will take place and what issues will be​ covered, occur in which step in the negotiation​ process?

Definition of ground rules

In which of the following cultures would employees be expected to exhibit precision and​ analysis?

Detail orientation

Your coworker Tom has been gossiping and spreading rumors about other team members. In recent​ meetings, he has also been publicly blaming others for his own mistakes. Just​ yesterday, you saw him taking personal items from another​ employee's cubicle. How would you characterize​ Tom's behavior?

Deviant workplace behavior

Which of the following is recognized as a serious disadvantage of​ oral/verbal communication?

Distortion increases as the message passes through more people.

The local​ university's fraternity pledges are likely to go through which entry socialization​ option?

Divestiture

Jocelyn was concerned because she had just received word that the company was going to be forced to lay off a few of the employees in her department. She decided to get her subordinates together and let them know what was going on before they heard it through the grapevine. Thinking about the direction of​ communication, this would be an example of​ ____________.

Downward Communication

What is the definition of downward​ communication?

Downward communication flows from one level of a group or organization to a lower level.

Once an applicant passes substantive selection​ methods, which of the following contingent checks is likely to be​ performed?

Drug tests

According to the​ punctuated-equilibrium model, when does marked acceleration of activity​ occur?

During the​ group's last meeting

Paul and Roberta were meeting with their team for what seemed like the 20th time in an attempt to come together on how the project should be done. Although some team members wanted to take a​ long-term approach to the​ solution, others thought a​ short-term approach would be best so the team could move on. Several fights had already broken out among the team and several members were barely speaking to each other outside of the team meetings. This would be considered which type of​ conflict?

Dysfunctional

What might be a reason that managers avoid formal performance feedback to​ employees?

Employees can become defensive.

A few French companies launched new products in Vietnam. Which of the following would NOT be a communication barrier they could​ face?

Employing a Vietnamese manager could eliminate or minimize the cultural communication issues.

The belief that this type of training does not have a​ long-term effect on values is a criticism of what type of​ training?

Ethics

Which trait from the Big 5 personality framework seems to be the most predictive trait of effective​ leadership?

Extraversion

Melvin's manager is very good at asking Melvin to repeat back messages to be sure he understands what was said. Which component of the communication process does​ Melvin's manager​ stress?

Feedback

According to​ Fiedler's contingency​ model, effective group performance depends on the proper match between the​ leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives the leader control. Which of the following statements using​ Fiedler's model is​ CORRECT/TRUE?

Fiedler assumes an​ individual's leadership style is stable.

Team Red has a few members who are high individual​ performers, but not very good team players. What can be done to help them be more cooperative and​ collaborative?

Focus training on team building skills and provide incentives for team efforts.

Suppose an organization needs to create 30 teams of 4 people each and has 60 highly conscientious people and 60 who score low on conscientiousness. Which of the following suggestions for team selection would be best in this​ situation?

Forming 15 teams of highly conscientious people and 15 teams of members low on conscientiousness.

The national director has been sent to Argentina to set up new offices. What can he do to overcome the potential problems in​ cross-cultural communication with the new work​ teams?

Foster a climate of mutual respect and fairness.

The members of the IT department have spent two days debating the best approach to roll out the new software update. After allowing each member of the department to voice his or her​ case, a decision was made that all the members could support. What type of conflict has the IT department​ experienced?

Functional

A significant experiment conducted on how individual behavior is influenced by group norms is known as the​ ______________________.

Hawthorne studies

HIT Corp. has developed a mentorship program for its managers and is encouraging them to engage in specific​ behaviors, including coaching others to help them develop​ skills, acting as sounding boards for​ ideas, and counseling others to bolster their​ self-confidence. What other activities are generally included in a mentorship​ program?

Identify a less​ experienced, lower-level employee who appears to have potential for future development.

A manager wants to increase the cohesiveness and productivity of project teams within his organization. What should he do for the​ groups?

Increase the amount of time group members spend together.

Acme Company wants to adopt a classification system to order each employee from best to worst. What type of performance evaluation system are they​ adopting?

Individual ranking

A manager needs to get a small project completed quickly. The work includes simple tasks that do not require diverse input. What is the best way to get the work​ done?

Individuals

​________ are natural formations in the work environment that appear in response to the need for social contact. Three employees from different departments who regularly have lunch or coffee together are an example of this type of unit.

Informal groups

Bob is working on a new report for the next quarterly meeting that he knows the CEO needs to determine next​ quarter's direction. He is frustrated that Anna has yet to get back with him on the newest profit​ figures, yet always seems to have time to stop in the hallways and talk with friends.​ Bob's issue relates to which of the communication​ functions?

Information exchange

Rebecca is trying to influence her subordinates to support an organizational change. Of the​ following, which influence tactic would be most likely to be​ effective?

Inspirational appeals

Jessica is representing her small business at a​ tenants' meeting negotiating rent rates with her landlord. She does not believe that negotiations must be based on a fixed pie whereby the landlord loses at the​ tenants' gain or vice versa. What approach is Jessica likely to​ use?

Integrative bargaining

During which stage of conflict do decisions to act in a given way​ occur?

Intentions

Your firm has been focusing training efforts on​ listening, communicating, and​ team-building skills. What category of training has your firm decided to focus​ on?

Interpersonal skills

Which of the following statements is​ FALSE?

Interpersonal skills of team members are not crucial.

Which of the following is used as a common denominator to unite members of a given​ culture?

Language

An accounting firm is likely to focus on which Ethical Climate Theory​ (ECT) category?

Law and code

Throughout​ history, strong leaders have been described by their traits. Trait theories of leadership focus on personal qualities and characteristics. The search for​ personality, social,​ physical, or intellectual attributes that differentiate leaders from​ non-leaders goes back to the earliest stages of leadership research. Which of the following accurately describes the difference between a leader and a​ non-leader?

Leaders who like being around people and can assert themselves​ (extraverted), and who are disciplined and able to keep commitments they make​ (conscientious) have an apparent advantage when it comes to​ leadership, suggesting good leaders do have key traits in common.

Which of the following serves as a major function of​ communication?

Management

Which of the following statements about political behavior is​ TRUE?

Many managers report that some use of political behavior is ethical as long as it​ doesn't directly harm anyone else.

Martin is a marketing rep who wants to qualify for a company trip to London. He is claiming that he has sold more products in the company than anyone else who works​ there, even though he has only sold three units in the last two months. He tries to tell his boss that he actually sold five units in the two months. What impression management technique is he​ using?

Martin is using the enhancement technique.

Which of the following is considered a basic​ skill?

Math

You have been retained by parties to a large​ labor-management negotiation. Both parties are eager to work together and settle the​ matter, but they also want to retain their​ decision-making power. Which of the following would be the most effective role for you to​ assume?

Mediator

Stephanie has completed her​ six-month probationary period on the job. She is feeling very confident in her position and has gained the trust of her teammates. She has embraced the organizational culture and even recommended friends to apply. Which stage of the socialization process has Stephanie most recently​ completed?

Metamorphosis

Reference checks can be helpful for an employer to verify some important information about the​ applicant's work history.​ ________ of employers conduct both employment and personal reference checks on applicants at some point in the hiring process. The reason is​ obvious: They want to know how an applicant did in past jobs and whether former employers would recommend hiring the person.

More than 80 percent

Which of the following statements is​ FALSE? A. When writing​ e-mails, avoid jargon and​ slang, use formal​ titles, use formal​ e-mail addresses for​ yourself, and make your message concise and​ well-written. B. Lack of visual and vocal cues in​ e-mails means emotionally positive​ messages, like those including​ praise, will be seen as more emotionally neutral than the sender intended. C. Security is a huge concern for nearly all organizations with private or proprietary information about​ clients, customers, and employees. D. ​Face-to-face communication provides the highest degree of message channel richness. E. New controls in​ e-mail programs can ensure that your​ e-mail will remain​ private, both within your​ organization's server and at the​ receiver's end as well.

New controls in​ e-mail programs can ensure that your​ e-mail will remain​ private, both within your​ organization's server and at the​ receiver's end as well.

Organizations tend to increase the amount of political behavior that occurs within the organization when they​ __________________.

reduce resources

You are setting up new policies that will provide employees with opportunities to discover what they do best and gain rewards as they do well. Which one of the following are you trying to​ develop?

Positive culture

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the conflict​ process?

Potential compatibility

During which of the following does an individual attempt to anticipate the expectations of the​ organization?

Prearrival stage

Which stage of socialization focuses on individual values and​ expectations?

Prearrival stage

BATNA is part of which step in the negotiation​ process?

Preparation and planning

Which of the following power tactics would involve the use of​ warnings, repeated​ demands, and threats to influence​ behavior?

Pressure

________________ is the power tactic that involves the use of warnings, repeated demands, and threats to influence behavior.

Pressure

In order to control ethical behavior without losing good​ employees, your company has just put in an anonymous tip line that employees can use to report unethical behavior without having to identify themselves and get in trouble. Which principle in creating a more ethical culture is the company​ using?

Provide protective mechanisms.

The power tactic that uses arguments supported with facts is called ____________.

Rational Persuasion

As a new​ manager, which of the following power tactics is likely to get the best​ "buy-in" and cooperation from your​ subordinates?

Rational persuasion

John has observed multiple conflicts among his new team members. Two members refuse to speak to one another or attend the same meetings after a heated discussion six months ago. Three other members have continued to argue over whether the work of data input should be outsourced. What types of conflict is the team​ experiencing?

Relationship and process

Which of the following is NOT a major function of communication within a group or​ organization?

Resolution

Your company has monthly luncheons that start with a big company​ chant, and then everyone sits and eats together. What is this an example​ of?

Rituals

Within​ groups, individuals can take on​ responsibilities, both formal and​ informal, within the organization. The set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit are called​ what?

Roles

Organizational culture is sustained by which of the following​ forces?

Selection

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about sexual​ harassment?

Sexual harassment is almost exclusively a phenomenon experienced by women being harassed by males.

​Problem-solving skills training is intended to accomplish which of the​ following?

Sharpen logic and reasoning skills

Playing down differences while emphasizing common interests between the conflicting parties is known as which of the following​ conflict-resolution techniques?

Smoothing

________ proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their​ self-esteem gets tied into the​ group's performance.

Social Identity Theory

​________ proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their​ self-esteem gets tied into the​ group's performance.

Social identity theory

​______________________ states that leaders convey values that are​ other-centered versus​ self-centered and who​ role-model ethical conduct.

Socialized charismatic leadership

Strategic recruiting is seen as​ ____________________.

a cornerstone

The culture of the ABC Company values kindness toward​ others, honesty and openness. Employees are encouraged to engage in flexible thinking. While profits are​ important, the​ company's mission statement has placed an emphasis on social responsibility and encourages employees to engage in socially responsible initiatives within the community. What type of organizational culture describes the ABC​ Company?

Spiritual

Conflict issues are generally defined in which stage of the conflict​ process?

Stage II

Pam used to love her job. Her​ boss, Tina, was easy to communicate with and was very straightforward. Pam always knew where Tina​ stood, even if she​ didn't always agree with​ Tina's decisions. This​ week, Pam learned that Tina had retired and David had taken her place. Although David was quite politically adept and told a great​ joke, Pam and the rest of the team felt him to be disingenuous and never really understood what he wanted or how he wanted it done. By the end of the​ year, job satisfaction amongst the team had plummeted. Which stage of the conflict process is represented​ here?

Stage​ I: Potential opposition or Incompatibility

Hometown Appliance has been having issues with salesmen who are giving customers incorrect pricing or information or creating advertising to draw customers into the store only to tell them that the item is sold out. In order to resolve some of the ethical issues that the organization is​ having, what might be the best​ solution?

Start at the top of the command structure.

Susan is a manager with high​ self-monitoring, an internal locus of​ control, and a high need for power. Which of the following impression management techniques will she likely use to vie for a director position in her​ company?

Susan will probably use​ self-promotion to vie for a promotion.

Which of the following concepts from distributive bargaining defines what an individual would like to achieve in a​ negotiation?

Target point

Which of the following groups is most likely to pass through the sequencing of activities known as the punctuated equilibrium​ model?

Temporary groups with a finite deadline

What is one of the most important outcomes that an​ organization's benefit program should strive​ for?

The benefit program should be uniquely suited to the culture.

Kayla has a large project to accomplish for the organization that is quite complex and requires a short turnaround time. She is considering whether she wants to organize a team to accomplish the task or whether she wants to assign one individual to the task. In considering whether a team or an individual might best be suited to accomplish the​ project, which of the following would be​ TRUE?

The common purpose of the project lends itself to a team.

Mentoring relationships serve both career and psychological functions for​ protégés. But, why would a leader want to be a​ mentor?

The leader may feel they have something to share with the younger generation and want to provide a legacy.

The presence or absence of individual offices within an organization would be considered an example of cultural​ ________________________.

symbols

Felicia was just added to a new task force at work which looks at ways in which to further engage employees. What might be a sign that Felicia has been added to a team rather than a​ group?

The task force creates a positive synergy by identifying issues and then collectively determining possible solutions.

Sarah has shared with Noel that they are part of their​ manager's ingroup. What argument can she use to convince Noel of the correctness of her​ perception?

They have higher performance ratings than others in their department

Perceptions about the organization and work environment that employees of that organization share are defined as the​ organizational climate.

True

The XYZ Company has opted to include suppliers and customers in the performance appraisal process. This type of performance evaluation is known as 360-degree evaluation.

True

Which of the following is the definition of a​ group?

Two or more individuals interacting and interdependent

Initial selection criteria determine which of the​ following?

Whether an applicant meets basic qualification criteria

A group that interacts primarily to share​ information, make​ decisions, and help each group member perform within his or her area of responsibility is​ a(n) __________.

Work Group

Jose was applying for a position as an electrician in the local school district. As part of the hiring​ process, which type of testing would be MOST appropriate in evaluating his skills relative to the​ position?

Work sample testing

Which of the following is an example of distributive​ bargaining?

You see a house you love. You put in an​ offer, the owner​ counter-offers, and the two of you finally settle on a price.

Substantive selection methods include​ _______________________.

a structured interview

Rich Karlgaard of Forbes explains that teams are popular​ because_______________.

a team of people happily committed will outperform a smart individual

Justin is hostile to his employees. His employees have complained that he curses at them routinely and has even thrown books at them.​ Justin's leadership style may be classified as​ _______.

abusive supervision

​Self-serving behavior within an organization can be lessened by improving​ ___________.

accountability

​Maria's company operates in a dynamic environment with an external focus. The culture is based on change. She and her coworkers value growth and the stimulation that comes from change. She and her coworkers also appreciate the autonomy they have on the job.​ Maria's culture is likely classified as​ a(n) ____________________.

adhocracy

One general drawback of group​ decision-making is​ __________________.

ambiguous responsibility

Due to a sales​ decline, Traci, the Human Resources Director at Oakley​ Corporation, must lay off​ Brandt, an employee with about ten years of​ service, who had plans on retiring from the firm someday. Traci hopes to leave a favorable impression of Oakley with​ Brandt, and in order to do so Traci should arrange for​ ________.

an exit interview with Brandt before his termination

In the preparation and planning step of the negotiation process you should​ ______________.

assess what you think the other​ party's goals are

Teams prefer male leaders when aggressively competing against other teams. Teams prefer female leaders when there is competition within teams and there is a call to improve positive relationships within the group. This phenomenon is an example of the results of​ ___________.

attribution theory

The​ ______________________of leadership suggests that it is more important to appear to be a leader than to actually be one.

attribution theory

Joseph starts each morning at work briefly scanning​ e-mails that came in late the previous day and overnight in order to get a handle on his schedule for the day. This would be considered​ _____________________.

automatic processing

BATNA in the negotiation process refers to the​ _________________________.

best alternative to a negotiated agreement

Eva is perceived by her team members as having extraordinary leadership abilities. Her strong vision enables her team members to buy in. She has continually taken personal risks to protect her team. On several​ occasions, she has lobbied for innovative approaches with management and is often described as an individual who​ "goes against the​ flow." Eva is​ a(n) _______ leader.

charismatic

Jamal has been tasked with putting together a new team for a new Starbucks project line. As Jamal thinks through the components that will make this team​ effective, he considers both how many members need to be on the team and the various abilities that the team members need in order to complete the project. Jamal is concerned with team​ _______________.

composition

In evaluating the effectiveness of team diversity on team performance and​ turnover, member turnover in a team is likely to be higher when​ _________________.

conflict is high

According to the Ohio State​ studies, the extent to which a​ person's job relationships are characterized by mutual​ trust, respect for​ employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings is known as​ _________________.

consideration

Apex Motors created a team of individuals from​ production, global​ PR, global​ communications, and U.S. marketing to develop its new Solarity hybrid car. The​ team's suggestions resulted in a product that would be​ cost-effective to produce and​ distribute, and that was marketed through a tightly​ integrated, multifaceted strategy. This example illustrates the use of​ ___________.

cross-functional teams

Lloyd does not really define himself in terms of his organization. He has been experiencing low identification with his firm. His manager has been increasingly concerned as a result of​ Lloyd's decreased satisfaction because he knows it is likely that Lloyd will​ experience: ________________.

decreased OCBs

The Ohio State studies of leadership identified two critical dimensions in the behavioral approaches to​ leadership: ____________________ and​ _________.

initiating​ structure; consideration

Pam is stressed out over what to do about a​ co-worker who is constantly making personal​ calls, although there is a strict policy that personal calls are not to be made on company time. Hearing about this​ issue, Lemont expressed his own dissatisfaction with a couple of female​ co-workers who were constantly making sexually explicit jokes around him. Ginger just wishes everyone would stop talking about everyone else all the time because she​ can't seem to get anything done. These are all examples of​ _____________________.

deviant workplace behavior

Amanda is negotiating a new applicant tracking service for her department with a software vendor. She intends to make the first offer and has researched to be sure it is an​ aggressive, but reasonable one. She has a clear target point in mind for herself and believes she understands the lowest amount the vendor is likely to accept. Amanda is engaged in​ ____________.

distributive bargaining

Jocelyn was concerned because she had just received word that the company was going to be forced to lay off a few of the employees in her department. She decided to get her subordinates together and let them know what was going on before they heard it through the grapevine. Thinking about the direction of​ communication, this would be an example of​ ____________.

downward communication

Conflict that approaches the top range of the conflict continuum is almost always​ _____________.

dysfunctional

Ahmed was tasked with building a new team at the bank which would examine declining customer and employee satisfaction. Ahmed felt that there were a lot of issues that had to do with some new policies from corporate and some recent management changes and doubted that any of the ideas that this team would come up with would actually be implemented. His doubt in what the team could accomplish speaks to the​ team's ___________________.

efficacy

The XYZ Company has determined that they must update their approach to hiring and communicating with their employees. They are exploring the development of an​ in-house social networking application. This is known as​ __________.

enterprise social software

An​ organization's ECI is defined as its​ _____________________.

ethical climate index

National and organizational cultures may clash when it comes to​ ____________.

ethics

According to the​ text, the best downward communicators​ ________________________.

explain the reasons behind their communications and solicit feedback

A​ side-effect of diversity within groups might be​ __________________.

faultlines

The daily conflict in the department has caused Mason to experience high levels of anxiety. He leaves work each day tense and frustrated. Mason is experiencing​ ________.

felt conflict

When a sender purposely manipulates information so the receiver will see it in a more favorable​ light, ________ is occurring.

filtering

An​ organization's dominant culture​ _________________________.

focuses on the core values shared by members of the organization

Studies on the behavioral theory of leadership have received mixed results because​ _____________.

follower preferences vary from one culture to another

Princeton​ University's policy that professors cannot give​ A's to more than 35 percent of their students is an example of​ _______________.

forced distribution

Power based on position would be considered​ _______________ power.

formal

An employee in an individualistic culture is more likely to value​ ____________.

formal feedback

Problems in communicating with those outside of our own culture often occur because of​ ______________.

generalizations from our cultural origin

Alberto is concerned with the low performance level of his team. Recently he has observed a tendency for team members to enthusiastically support the idea and withhold their dissenting opinions. Once an idea is​ presented, everyone simply goes along with it and foregoes a robust discussion of the pros and cons. It is likely that​ Alberto's team is experiencing​ ________.

groupthink

Umberto and Keisha have both been members of their​ organization's computer services group for over a year. During that​ time, the group has been trying to decide whether to go with a Microsoft server for​ e-mail or another​ e-mail system. There has been much debate back and forth with no resolution. Although Umberto and Keisha both believe that there are better​ alternatives, the group leader and manager of the department are really pushing for the Microsoft server and so despite some​ misgivings, Umberto and Keisha agree with the decision to go with the Microsoft server. This is an example​ of______________________.

groupthink

You are living at home with your parents and they are paying for your college education. Since you do not have a job or funds to pay for​ college, and you value an​ education, your parents​ __________.

have power over​ you, but just until you graduate and land a job with a good income

Suppose you were building a team to create a new project for Ford Motor Company. Enhancing performance for teams with high levels of emotional stability would suggest selecting members who were​ ___________________.

high in task conflict

Teams which are gender diverse are likely to exhibit the potential for​ _________________.

higher innovation

According to the general dependence​ postulate, the greater​ B's dependence on​ A, the more power A has over B.​ Therefore, ____________________.

if B has a scarce resource A​ wants, B has more power over A

Dependence of one person who controls a resource over another who wants that resource is greater when the resource is​ non-substitutable, scarce, and​ ______________.

important

Expert power is based on​ ________.

influence wielded as a result of​ expertise, special​ skill, or knowledge

The use of flattery or behaving in a friendly manner in order to improve the likelihood that someone will agree to a request is called​ __________________.

ingratiation

The Ohio State studies found that​ ________.

initiating structure and consideration accounted for most of the leadership behavior described by employees

Organizational climates that foster​ individual-level successes that help their organizations thrive in competitive industries would likely be classified as​ ___________________ under the Ethical Climate Theory​ (ECT)?

instrumental

One of the best predictors of whether people will use an automatic or controlled process for reacting to a persuasive message is their​ _________________.

interest level

The​ framework, or​ locus, of conflict where the conflict occurs between groups or teams is considered​ ________________________ conflict.

intergroup

Most research on relationship and process conflict is focused on​ _____________ conflict.

intragroup

The big plus of arbitration over mediation is that​ ________.

it always results in a settlement

Political behavior within an organization may include all of the following EXCEPT ​________________.

keeping salaries secret

The Board of Directors is meeting to confirm the strategic projects for the new year. They are engaging in​ ________.

lateral communication

​Pam, the manager in the education​ division, was concerned about how work was being processed in the office. She finally called a meeting to outline what was going to be acceptable and not acceptable in terms of work process. Although several people on the team were convinced that this was not the correct way to do the​ work, they did it this way anyway because Pam had​ ______________ power.

legitimate

Sam carefully documents every promise or conversation with his supervisor and seldom takes​ management's word for anything. Sam is likely​ ________________.

low in trust propensity

Joshua is on the culture team at​ work, while Debbie and Amalie are on the social team. Each year they have decided to come together to try and plan a few events to increase overall employee engagement. This is considered​ a(n) ________________team.

multiteam system

To solve the problem of higher coordination demands that accompany increases in team​ size, organizations use​ ________________.

multiteam systems

Attributes that make it impossible for a leader to make any difference in follower outcomes are referred to as​ __________.

neutralizers

The communication process includes​ __________.

noise

Perceptions about the organization and work environment that employees of that organization share are defined as the​ _______________.

organizational climate

Desiree was interviewing for a position as the new purchasing manager within her organization. As part of that​ process, the managers from other areas of the organization came together to hold an interview. This would be considered​ a(n) ________________.

panel interview

Trait theories of leadership assert that​ ________.

personal qualities and characteristics differentiate leaders from​ non-leaders

One variable that might lessen the negative effects of power is​ _______________.

personality

​Generally, people from individualist countries see power in​ _______________ terms.

personalized

Newer technology based recruiting techniques include all of the following EXCEPT​ _________________.

phone interviews

Alan has been withholding key information from​ decision-makers and leaking confidential information to the media. His manager has described his behaviors as a blatant attempt to further his interests in the organization.​ However, Alan's coworkers have described his behaviors as a selfless effort to ultimately benefit the organization. How might​ Alan's behaviors be​ classified?

political

Activities that are NOT required as part of a​ person's formal role in the organization but that​ influence, or attempt to​ influence, the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within the organization are known as​ ________.

political behavior

When a work group is high in​ ________________, deceit,​ amorality, and rudeness tend to be more pronounced.

psychopathy and aggression

The power tactic that uses arguments supported with facts is called​ _____________.

rational persuasion

Jeff aspires to be a member of the golf team at work. He has begun to dress like the​ members, wearing khakis and polo shirts each Friday to work and has joined the same country club. He goes out of his way to speak to the golf team members in the hallway and has purchased the same brand of golf clubs all the team members own. The golf team would be considered​ Jeff's __________.

reference group

Steve​ Stoute's company,​ Translation, matches​ pop-star spokespersons with corporations that want to promote their brands. Stoute matched​ Jay-Z with Reebok to use the​ star's credibility to reach youth culture. This is an example of using​ _______ power.

referent

A year​ ago, the IT team earned​ corporate-wide recognition for its performance. More​ recently, it has begun to experience some declines in its performance. They have missed the last three project deadlines and have experienced budget overruns. The team leader has encouraged the team members to reflect on and adjust their purpose. To turn around the​ team's performance, the team lead is encouraging the team to show​ __________.

reflexivity

According to the​ punctuated-equilibrium model, groups experience a transition halfway between the first meeting and the official deadline​ ____________.

regardless of the length of the project time frame

Rajin has recently been appointed the leader of a task group at​ work, which has historically met every Thursday evening from 5p.m. to 6p.m. Most of the members of the group have organized their schedules around this time.​ Rajin, however, has also taken on the role of Little League coach for his​ son's baseball team on the same night at the same time and has promised the team the time would not change. This is an example of​ ________________.

role conflict

When two or more role expectations are​ contradictory, this is known as​ ________.

role conflict

Our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation is known as​ ________________.

role perception

When words mean different things to different people this is considered a barrier caused by​ _____________.

semantics

​Brent's work team has just ended its first meeting and the timeline has been set for six months. According to the​ punctuated-equilibrium model, during the first couple of months of the​ project, Brent's activity could be described as​ ______________________.

slow in terms of progress

Jason has been a top performer for the last five years. He has always worked on individual projects.​ Recently, Jason was included on a​ 7-person team and his manager noticed that​ Jason's work efforts have diminished significantly. Jason is likely experiencing​ __________.

social loafing

The adaptation of employees to the culture within an organization is aided through the process of​ _______________.

socialization

A socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others is known as​ ________.

status

Cohesiveness in a group can be encouraged by​ ______________________.

stimulating intergroup competition

Nordstrom employees know exactly what is expected of them. The​ company's core values are so widely held and shared that they provide great influence on all the employees.​ Nordstrom's culture is characterized as​ a(n) _______ culture.

strong

Structured interviews limit​ ________________.

subjectivity

When he went to pick up his​ mail, Jeremy overheard a manager tell another that the company was going to freeze wages. Jeremy quickly told a few of his colleagues who then passed the information on to others in the organization. By​ noon, most of the employees in the company knew of the planned wage freeze. This is an example of​ _______.

the grapevine

One of the most important reasons to use written communication is because​ ________.

the information conveyed is tangible and verifiable

​Haley's team is geographically dispersed across four continents. They have been holding their team meetings online using a​ wide-area network and videoconferencing.​ Haley's team is​ a(n) __________.

virtual team

A group that interacts primarily to share​ information, make​ decisions, and help each group member perform within his or her area of responsibility is​ a(n) __________.

work group

Five employees in a project meeting whose individual efforts result in performance that is greater than the sum of the individual inputs is​ a(n) ________, although five employees interacting primarily to share information and help each individual perform within his or her own area of responsibility is a​ ________.

work​ team; work group

The XYZ Company has opted to include suppliers and customers in the performance appraisal process. What type of performance evaluation is the XYZ Company most likely​ using?

​360-degree evaluation

You are an HR manager and you want to foster the enhancement of a spiritual organization. Which of the following would you say will differentiate spiritual organizations from their nonspiritual​ counterparts?

​Benevolence, strong sense of​ purpose, trust and​ respect, and​ open-mindedness.

Which of the following channels of communication provides the highest channel​ richness?

​Face-to-face communication

Charmaine is the director of training in her organization. She has decided to do a study of all the managers within the organization to determine leadership style and the amount of control each of the leaders has in a given situation. Charmaine is focusing on what leadership​ model?

​Fiedler's contingency model

​Laissez-faire, management by​ exception, and idealized influence leader behaviors are part of which leadership​ model?

​Full-range leadership model

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about​ high-status people? A. ​High-status people participate less actively in group discussions. B. ​High-status people are better able to resist conformity pressures than​ lower-status members. C. ​High-status people are usually more assertive than​ lower-status peers. D. ​High-status individuals are less likely to adhere to group norms than​ lower-status members. E. High status individuals are likely to control the​ group's resources.

​High-status people participate less actively in group discussions.

Leaders develop ingroup and outgroup relationships with their followers according to which theory of​ leadership?

​Leader-member exchange​ (LMX) theory

Julius wanted to sharpen the skills of his team because several new pieces of technology had recently been introduced and the team​ didn't seem to be arriving at solutions quite as quickly as they had in the past. They had also suggested several solutions recently which just​ didn't consider all the alternatives. What type of training might improve these​ skills?

​Problem-solving training

Joe works with 10 other employees who are responsible for scheduling their own work and assigning specific tasks to individual​ members, thus eliminating the need for supervision. What type of work​ group/team is​ this?

​Self-managed work team

Which of the following describes the difference between​ time-based and​ money-based workdash-life management​ strategies?

​Time-based strategies remove​ face-time restrictions on​ employees, whereas​ money-based strategies provide employees with additional benefits.

Teams commonly used by companies like​ Toyota, Ford, and​ Cisco, which can coordinate complex projects with individuals from similar hierarchical levels but different work​ areas, are known as​ ____________ teams.

​cross-functional

Daniel is part of a quality control team at work that meets regularly for two hours each Friday afternoon and looks to improve standards and the efficiency of the department.​ Daniel's team would be considered​ a(n) ______________.

​problem-solving team

Research on leadership emphasizes​ _______________, while research on power focuses on​ ______________.

​style; tactics

Employees will increase political behavior when organizations practice​ a(n) ______________ approach.

​zero-sum