Organizational Behavior Final

Effective time management techniques include

prioritization

Employee Assistance Programs are offered by organizations in order to

provide help to employees with personal problems

According to the job-demands-resources (JD-R) model, job stress can be best managed by

reducing job demands.

In what stress phase of the GAS model does the body release cortisol and begin to adjust to the demands of the stress?

resistance phase

Countries high in power distance and authoritarianism respond negatively to

review systems where lower-level employees give performance feedback to their managers

Facing contradictory demands at work is a form of

role conflict

Noah knows that he is flexible, enjoys challenging goals, and is concerned about the security of his job. Noah demonstrates which building block of the emotional intelligence concept?

self-awareness

Sleep research on stress indicates that

about 1/3 of U.S. adults report sleep difficulties

A Gallup study indicates ___________ of Americans indicate they find their work meaningful.

about one in ten

Someone experiencing role overload

has insufficient time and resources to complete a job.

A position high in autonomy allows an employee to

have freedom to decide how to perform their tasks.

Organizations wishing to increase worker motivation should pay particular attention to

job design.

Joshua Greene's study of how our minds and bodies react to difficult situations found that

differences in emotional engagement affect people's judgments.

Scientific management's focus is on

efficiency

The "M" in "SMART" goals stands for

measurable.

Research on performance incentives suggests

75% of all American companies use a merit pay system.

Research on stress and leisure time around the world supports which statement?

Compared to Europeans, Americans work longer hours.

Organizations can take many steps in helping employees manage stress. Which approach would be recommended?

Increase employee autonomy.

Frederick Taylor's work led to a fundamental change in management philosophy. Which statement describes this change?

It paved the way for today's automation and standardization.

Companies using sales commissions reward employees with

a percentage of sales volume or profits generated.

A piece rate system refers to

a program where employees are paid based on individual output produced.

A factor which helps determine employee empowerment is

all of the above

Stress is related to which work outcome?

all of the above (higher turnover, worse job attitudes, decreased performance)

Structural empowerment refers to

aspects of the work environment that give employees discretion, autonomy, and ability to do jobs effectively.

According to the formula for the motivating potential score of a job, the most important elements in deciding motivation potential are

autonomy and feedback

A key element of the scientific management philosophy is

breaking down jobs into their simplest components to facilitate specialization.

360-degree feedback is

designed to provide feedback for developmental purposes.

A management by objectives program include

developing action plans

In the United States, employers may use some electronic monitoring of employees as long as

employees are notified in advance.

Fair hearing refers to

ensuring that there is two-way communication during the appraisal process and the employee's perspective is heard.

Job enlargement involves

expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety.

Offering a compressed workweek is one method of providing ___________ for eligible employees

flextime offerings

Mindfulness is a stress-reducing concept most closely related to

flow

Research suggests high levels of emotional intelligence lead to which of the following?

higher job satisfaction

Someone who is high in emotional intelligence engages in what practice?

increases their awareness of their own and others' emotions

Research on individual differences in the type of stress experienced by employees indicates that

individuals with Type A personalities are more likely to experience negative organizational outcomes.

Information processing demands that exceed the supply or capacity of time available for such processing are called

information overload

If you say to yourself, "As soon as I finish reading this chapter in my textbook, I am going to play Guitar Hero for an hour," this specific goal has motivated you because

it has energized you to keep going until you have accomplished the goal.

In an employment review, adequate notice refers to

letting employees know what criteria are used in appraisal.

Job specialization can

minimize training costs.

An individual with Type B personality is less prone to

stress

Jennifer dislikes her coworker, yet every morning she stops to pleasantly chat for a few moments on the way to her desk. Jennifer is using what emotional labor strategy?

surface acting

Affective Events Theory explores the effects of anger, fear, joy, love, sadness and ___________ in the workplace.

surprise

Job crafting allows ___________ to make changes to the job description.

the employee

Skill variety refers to

the extent to which the job requires a person to utilize multiple high-level skills.

Research on workplace stressors indicates

the fragmented fashion in which we work due to information overload impacts mental acuity and creativity.

General Adaptive Syndrome refers to

the hypothesis that stress plays a general role in disease.

According to a recent Gallup poll, ___________ Americans report problems with job stress.

the vast majority

Role ambiguity refers to

vagueness in relation to job responsibilities.

Companies can reduce the temptation to behave unethically by

withholding rewards from those who are demonstrating unethical behaviors.