Orgins of the Greeks

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What were the city-states called in the Minoan civilization? Did they have a government or a monarchy?

-Knossus -Power of a centralized king, helped by aristocracy -Bureaucratic monarchy

-Are no other written objective historical records -Heinrich Schliemann founded and tried to prove that what event happened? -Physical expansion of the Greek world

-The Trojan War -He founded Priam's Treasure in Hissarlik Turkey -He also found city walls that were burned (where Troy was burned)

What caused the Mycenaean civilization to collapse?

-catastrophe-sudden end of major civilizations -possible reasons: Dorian invasion, natural disasters, too wealthy, and a massive act of God theory

What caused the Minoan civilization to end?

-natural catastrophies -external invasions (Myceneans)

What was the significance of the Minoan and Mycenean civilizations?

-progressive and worldly outlook -spread civilization through trade networks -earliest civilizations of what we will eventually call "Europe"

Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as

A consequence of aristocratic power and a widening gulf between the rich and the poor

-Polytheistic -Human attributes -Business relationship -Sacrifices -Humanistic -Optimistic (embracing life) -Epics of Homer -Olympian God's (12 big Gods)

Characteristics of the Dark Age

The Peloponnesian War resulted in

the defeat of Athens and the collapse of its empire

The Lycurgan reforms resulted in

the establishment of a permanent military state in Sparta

Sparton Helots

Became an instrument for Athenian imperialism

A popular Minoan sport was

Bull jumping

A: Whos language was in linear A? Hint: cannot understand B: Whos language was in linear B? Who broke the code of Linear

A: Minoan Civilization B: Mycenean Civilization, Michael Ventris

The Battle of Marathon was a victory for

Athenian hoplites

During the Age of Pericles

Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system

The Delian League a. All of these are correct. b. had a fluctuating membership, as states were free to join and leave the alliance as they wished. c. became an instrument of Athenian imperialism. d. failed to keep the Greek states in the Aegean free from Persian control. e. was dominated from the beginning by the Spartans.

C

Which of the following is true of Greece from c. 750 to c. 500 B.C.E.?

It was a period of incessant warfare

-Who did the triangular trade with Egypt and Phonecia? -This civilization is a Thalassocracy or "sea empire" -Enjoyed life and women were equal to men -Created the first stone rode in Europe and created the first flushed toilets

Minoan Civilization

-Long distance trade -Most influenced by the Minoans -Centralized government with a king who controlled agricultural production and trade -This civilization was aggressive and war-like (invaded crete)

Mycenean civilization

The English archaeologist ____ uncovered the Bronze Age Minoan civilization on Crete.

Sir Arthur Evans

One of the chief causes of the Peloponnesian War was

Sparta's fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire.

-Absence of writing (contained myths) -Epic poems: Homer- Iliad and Odyssey -Hesiod-Theogory -Bronze age

The dark ages

Homer's Iliad points out the

The honor and courage of Greek aristocratic heroes in battle

Cleisthenes' reforms established the Athenian government as

a democracy

The Greeks lived in

city-states (polis)

During the migrations of the Greek Dark Age, many Ionians

crossed the Aegean Sea to settle in Asia Minor.

The civilization of Minoan Crete

developed elaborate skills in art and architecture, visible in their great palaces

The hoplite phalanx relied for its success on

discipline and teamwork

The development of the polis had a negative impact on Greek society by

dividing Greece into fiercely competitive states

Early Greek philosophy attempted to

explain the universe on the basis of unifying principles

All of the following are prominent features of Greece's topography EXCEPT a. valleys. b. bays and harbors. c. extensive open plains. d. mountains. e. long seacoast.

extensive open plains

Typical of Greek culture in the Archaic Age was/were

lyric poetry as found in the works of Sappho


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