Orgins of the Greeks
What were the city-states called in the Minoan civilization? Did they have a government or a monarchy?
-Knossus -Power of a centralized king, helped by aristocracy -Bureaucratic monarchy
-Are no other written objective historical records -Heinrich Schliemann founded and tried to prove that what event happened? -Physical expansion of the Greek world
-The Trojan War -He founded Priam's Treasure in Hissarlik Turkey -He also found city walls that were burned (where Troy was burned)
What caused the Mycenaean civilization to collapse?
-catastrophe-sudden end of major civilizations -possible reasons: Dorian invasion, natural disasters, too wealthy, and a massive act of God theory
What caused the Minoan civilization to end?
-natural catastrophies -external invasions (Myceneans)
What was the significance of the Minoan and Mycenean civilizations?
-progressive and worldly outlook -spread civilization through trade networks -earliest civilizations of what we will eventually call "Europe"
Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as
A consequence of aristocratic power and a widening gulf between the rich and the poor
-Polytheistic -Human attributes -Business relationship -Sacrifices -Humanistic -Optimistic (embracing life) -Epics of Homer -Olympian God's (12 big Gods)
Characteristics of the Dark Age
The Peloponnesian War resulted in
the defeat of Athens and the collapse of its empire
The Lycurgan reforms resulted in
the establishment of a permanent military state in Sparta
Sparton Helots
Became an instrument for Athenian imperialism
A popular Minoan sport was
Bull jumping
A: Whos language was in linear A? Hint: cannot understand B: Whos language was in linear B? Who broke the code of Linear
A: Minoan Civilization B: Mycenean Civilization, Michael Ventris
The Battle of Marathon was a victory for
Athenian hoplites
During the Age of Pericles
Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system
The Delian League a. All of these are correct. b. had a fluctuating membership, as states were free to join and leave the alliance as they wished. c. became an instrument of Athenian imperialism. d. failed to keep the Greek states in the Aegean free from Persian control. e. was dominated from the beginning by the Spartans.
C
Which of the following is true of Greece from c. 750 to c. 500 B.C.E.?
It was a period of incessant warfare
-Who did the triangular trade with Egypt and Phonecia? -This civilization is a Thalassocracy or "sea empire" -Enjoyed life and women were equal to men -Created the first stone rode in Europe and created the first flushed toilets
Minoan Civilization
-Long distance trade -Most influenced by the Minoans -Centralized government with a king who controlled agricultural production and trade -This civilization was aggressive and war-like (invaded crete)
Mycenean civilization
The English archaeologist ____ uncovered the Bronze Age Minoan civilization on Crete.
Sir Arthur Evans
One of the chief causes of the Peloponnesian War was
Sparta's fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire.
-Absence of writing (contained myths) -Epic poems: Homer- Iliad and Odyssey -Hesiod-Theogory -Bronze age
The dark ages
Homer's Iliad points out the
The honor and courage of Greek aristocratic heroes in battle
Cleisthenes' reforms established the Athenian government as
a democracy
The Greeks lived in
city-states (polis)
During the migrations of the Greek Dark Age, many Ionians
crossed the Aegean Sea to settle in Asia Minor.
The civilization of Minoan Crete
developed elaborate skills in art and architecture, visible in their great palaces
The hoplite phalanx relied for its success on
discipline and teamwork
The development of the polis had a negative impact on Greek society by
dividing Greece into fiercely competitive states
Early Greek philosophy attempted to
explain the universe on the basis of unifying principles
All of the following are prominent features of Greece's topography EXCEPT a. valleys. b. bays and harbors. c. extensive open plains. d. mountains. e. long seacoast.
extensive open plains
Typical of Greek culture in the Archaic Age was/were
lyric poetry as found in the works of Sappho