path prepU ch 27

in hypovolemic shock, renal perfusion and urinary output decline. The nurse will monitor urinary output and knows that output below which level indicates inadequate renal perfusion?

20 mL/hour

a nurse is performing client health education with a 68-year old man who has recently been diagnosed with heart failure. which statement demonstrates an accurate understanding of his new diagnosis

I'm trying to think of ways that i can cut down the amount of salt that I usually eat

a client is rushed to the emergency department with assessment findings of urticaria, wheezing, chest tightness, and difficulty breathing. the client is most likely experiencing which type of shock

anaphylactic

a person newly diagnosed with Kawasaki disease in the acute phase will likely exhibit which clinical manifestations? select all that apply

bilateral conjunctivitis fever edematous hands and feet

an older adult client has been diagnosed with chronic heart failure. He is prescribed an ACE inhibitor to treat the symptoms and improve his quality of life. THis drug will alleviate the client's symptoms of heart failure by

blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

what should the nurse teach the pregnant woman about congenital heart defects

congenital heart defects occur between the 3rd and 8th weeks of development before you know you are pregnant

a client admitted with an exacerbation of chronic heart failure is being discharged. which topics should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan? select all that apply

date and time of follow-up appointment symptoms indicating worsening heart failure how to take and record daily weight how to evaluate the amount of sodium on food labels

which client is at the greatest risk for developing rheumatic heart disease

teenager with untreated strep throat

a nurse assesses a client with normal biomarkers who reports angina. which additional manifestations are late signs of aortic stenosis select all that apply

dyspnea peripheral cyanosis syncope

which changes associated with aging contribute to heart failure development in older adults select all that apply

elevated diastolic BP increased vascular stiffness

cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion can be life-threatening when the pericardial sac ____ and ____ the heart

fills rapidly; compresses

a 17-year-old athlete died suddenly during a track meet and it was subsequently determined that he had heart disease. which condition was the most likely cause of his heart failure?

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

the health care team is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. the primary treatment goal would be

improving quality of life by relieving symptoms

select the client who may be at risk for developing an increased resistance to blood flow

the client in hypovolemic shock experiencing extreme dehydration

the health care provider is reviewing lab results of a client diagnosed with heart failure. The provider notes that the client's ANP and BNP levels have been increasing and remain significantly elevated. These results would be interpreted as

the condition is getting progressively worse

a client with a long history of stable angina suddenly experiences substernal pain that radiates to the left arm, neck, and jaw. He describes the pain as severe and feels as if he is suffocating. He has taken nitroglycerin and not experienced any relief. The client is most likely experiencing

onset of STEMI

a client comes to the emergency room exhibiting signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure. upon X-ray it is determined that he has 250 mL of fluid in the pericardial cavity. which disease should the nurse suspect this client is suffering

pericardial effusion

a client is at high risk for the development of rheumatic heart disease. the most important information for the nurse to provide would be

prompt diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal infections

a nurse preceptor is evaluating the skills of a new registered nurse (RN) caring for clients experiencing shock. Which action by the new RN indicates a need for more education?

raising the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position

assessment of an older adult client reveals bilateral pitting edema of the client's feet and ankles; difficult to palpate pedal pulses; breath sounds clear on auscultation; oxygen saturation level of 93%; and vital signs normal. what is this client's most likely health problem

right-sided heart failure

a client who is experiencing angina at rest that has been increasing in intensity should be instructed to

see the doctor for evaluation immediately

the nurse should anticipate administering intravenous antibiotic therapy as a priority to a client experiencing which type of shock

septic shock

a client with heart failure asks, "why am I taking a 'water pill' when it's my heart that is having a problem?" while educating the client about the Frank-starling mechanism, which explanation is most appropriate to share?

since your heart is not pumping efficiently, the kidneys are getting less blood flow; therefore, the kidneys are holding on to sodium and water

the nursing instructor is teaching the students about rheumatic fever. she tells the students that it is an important cause of heart disease and is very serious mainly for which reason?

the disabling effects that result from involvement of heart valves

a client asks the purpose of an exercise stress test. what is the nurse's best response?

the test is used to measure functional status during stress

a neonate is born with a congenital heart defect. the nurse realizes this defect most likely originated during which week of development

the third week of development

a client awaiting a heart transplant is experiencing decompensation of her left ventricle that will not respond to medications. The physicians suggest placing the client on a ventricular assist device (VAD). The client asks what this equipment will do. The health care providers respond

this device will decrease the workload of the myocardium while maintaining cardiac output and systemic arterial pressure

a client with a suspected MI is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. the nurse caring for this client would expect to receive an order for which laboratory test to confirm a diagnosis of MI

troponin level

a telehealth nurse is talking with a client who has a history of right-sided heart failure. The nurse should question the client about which assessment finding that would indicate the client's condition is worsening

weight gain

a 45-year-old client is undergoing exercise stress testing. at which point will the test be halted an not allowed to continue

when the client experiences chest pain