PATHO ATI
A client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of 7/min. Arterial blood gases (ABG) reveal the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs? pH 7.22 PaCO, 68 mm Hg' Base excess -2 Pa02 78 mm Hg Saturation 80% Bicarbonate 26 mEg/L A) Respiratory acidosis B) Metabolic acidosis C) Metabolic alkalosis D) Respiratory alkalosis
A
A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following laboratory values? A) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) B) Free T4 C) Serum T4 D) serum T3
A
A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A) Excessive thrombosis and bleeding B) Progressive increase in platelet production C) Immediate sodium and fluid retention D) Increased clotting factors
A
A nurse is caring for a client who will have blood sampling for a serum creatinine level and asks what this test shows. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A) "This test will tell your doctor how your kidneys are functioning." B) "You'll have to ask your doctor C) "This test will tell if you have severe renal impairment or a disease." D) "We'll find out if any medications, such as steroids, are interfering with your kidney function.
A
A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following values should give the nurse the best indication of the client's renal function? A) Serum creatinine B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) C) Serum sodium D) Urine-specific gravity
A
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see? A) pH below 7.35 B) HCO3 above 26 mEq/L C) PaO2, below 70 mm Hg D) PaCO2 above 45 mm Hg
A
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an adolescent female client and notes a WBC count of 16,000/mm° with increased immature neutrophils (bands) and normal monocytes. Which of the following is the appropriate analysis of the results? A) An acute infectious process B) Neutropenia C) Allergic reaction D) A resolving inflammatory process
A
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply.) A) Hypertension B) Tremors C) Moon face D) Purple striations E) Buffalo hump
A C D E
A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority? A) Positive Western blot test B) CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm3 C) Platelets 150,000/mm3 D) WBC 5.000/mm3
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor? A) Confusion B) Weakness C) Increased intracranial pressure D) Increased urinary output
B
A nurse is reviewing the PT, aPTT, and IN laboratory values for a client who is experiencing an acute episode of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect? A) The laboratory values are within the expected reference range. B) The laboratory values are prolonged. C) The laboratory values are decreased. D) The laboratory values are the same as the previous test values.
B
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who was admitted with a history of multiple myeloma. The nurse should expect to find an increase in which of the following laboratory values? A) Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) B) Calcium C) Platelets D) WBCs
B
A nurse is talking with a client who has to come to the clinic for HIV testing. The nurse should explain that, after the laboratory has the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results, it will use which of the following tests to confirm the diagnosis? A) CD4+ T-cell count B) Western blot analysis C) Quantitative RNA assay D) Viral load test
B
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the purpose of a CA 125 test. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A) "A CA 125 test is used to confirm a diagnosis of ovarian cancer. B) "A CA 125 test is used to monitor a client's progress during treatment of ovarian cancer. C) "A CA 125 test is used to identify a Bartholin cyst." D) "A CA 125 test is used to measure testosterone level."
B
A female middle adult client tells a nurse that she tested positive for a mutant BRCA1 gene. The nurse should recognize that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following situations? A) Delivering a child who has Down syndrome B) Developing Alzheimer's disease C) Developing breast cancer D) Developing thyroid cancer
C
A nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results show a pH of 7.3 and a PaCO, of 50 mm Hg. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances? A) Metabolic acidosis B) Metabolic alkalosis C) Respiratory acidosis D) Respiratory alkalosis
C
A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client who has AIDS and a significantly decreased CD4-T-cell count. The nurse should recognize that the client is at risk for developing which of the following infectious oral conditions? A) Halitosis B) Gingivitis C) Xerostomia D) Candidiasis
D
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following arterial blood gas values would the nurse expect this client to have? A) рн 7.49, HCO3 24, РаСО2 30 B) pH 7.49, HCO 30, PaCO2 40 C) рН 7.26, HCO3 24, PaCO2 46 D) рН 7.26, HCO3 14, PaCO2 30
D
A nurse is caring for a client who the provider suspects might have pernicious anemia. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe which of the following diagnostic tests? A) Sweat test B) Haptoglobin C) Antinuclear antibodies D) Schilling test
D
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of following values? A) Calcium B) RBC count C) Magnesium D) Amylase
D
A nurse is talking with a client whose thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level will be measured. Which of the following statements by the nurse explains the purpose of this test? A) "This test measures the amount of thyroid hormone that attaches to a protein in your blood." B)"This test detects antithyroid antibodies in your blood." C)"This test measures the absorption of iodine and how it relates to the thyroid gland." D)"This test determines whether your thyroid gland is overactive, appropriately active, or underactive."
D
