Study forIT105 MIDTERM

Calculate the file size of an image in that comprises of 512x512 pixels with 6 bits assigned per pixel in terms of MB. a. 32 MB b. 0.1875 MB c. 54 MB d. 0.54 MB e. 100 MB

0.1875 MB

Calculate the size of a video file in terms of GB if each frame comprises of 512x512 pixels with 6 bits assigned per pixel with a frame rate of 24 fps and lasts for 30 minutes. a.. 32 GB b. 0.1875 MB c. 7.91 GB d. 700 GB e. None of the above

0.1875 MB

How many bits to a byte?

1 byte contains 8 bits.

Using the opcode table below, What is the binary machine language instruction for Multiply? a. 1111 0100 b. 0110 0011 c. 1111 0110 d. 0010 1100

1111 0110

What is the decimal equivalent for binary sequence 10001001 ?

137

Graphics stored in True color format requires

24 bits for each pixel. 24 bits gives 2^24 = 16M possible colors.

What is the decimal representation of hexadecimal FF(base 16)?

255

Calculate how many bits there are in a 4 KB digital audio file. a. 4,000 bits b. 32,000 bits c. 32,768 bits d. 4,096 bits e. None of the above

32,768 bits

How many "adds" does it take the ALU to process a 64 bit number if the word length is 16? a. 3 b. 4 c .1 d. 2

4

How many different values can 3 bits represent?

8

What is a bit?

A bit is a binary digit can be either a 1 or 0.

Speech Synthesis is

A process by which machine produce sound that resembles spoken words.

Which component of the CPU is responsible for arithmetic and logical operations? a. Control unit b. ALU c. Cache memory d. Both and b e. All of the above

ALU

. Which of the following functions is supported by a computer? a) Accepting data and Processing data b) Producing output c) Storing results d) All of the above

All of the above

ASCII stands for:

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASCII

American Standard Code of Information Interchange requires seven bits for each character. For example, the ASCII code for an uppercase is 1000001

Which type of signal varies smoothly and continuously over time?

Analog signal

One example of a low-level programming language is which of the following? a. Assembly language b. Java c. COBOL d. C++ e. HTML

Assembly language

The length of the binary code that the camera generates for each pixel is called the: a. Bit depth b. Number of Pixels c. RAM d. Filter e. Memory

Bit depth

Which component of the CPU is used to store frequently used instructions and data? a. Control unit b. ALU c. Cache memory d. Both and b e. All of the above

Cache memory

. Convert 1110101010110001(2) into hexadecimal

EAB1(16)

DRAM is faster to access compared to SRAM T/F

False

DRAM is used to build Cache memory T/F

False

Flash memory is a volatile memory. T/F

False

SRAM is a non-volatile memory.(True) T/F

False

TIFF, PNG, and GIF graphics formats offer lossless compression.

Images stored in these formats do not lose any quality when compressed.

When the processor has completed the instruction in M4, where is 9? a. In M2 and the Register 2 b. In M1 and the Instruction Pointer c. In M3 and the Accumulator d. In M5 and the accumulator

In M5 and the accumulator

DRAM (Dynamic RAM)

It is subclass of RAM, RW memory and volatile. It refers to a structure of semiconductor memory cells and their properties. Uses semiconductor technology It is comparatively slower and cheap Much more difficult to use than SRAM Eg. RAM (main memory)

SRAM (Static RAM)

It is subclass of RAM, RW memory and volatile. Uses cross-coupled transistors It refers to a structure of semiconductor memory cells and their properties. Uses cross-coupled semiconductor technology Faster more expensive Easy to use (cache)

What is volatile memory?

It memory maintains the data when the device is powered. Eg. RAM, DRAM.

When a user launches a piece of software, such as from the hard disk, the instructions and data that correspond to the software and reside in RAM are in the form of: a. Machine language b. Assembly language c. High-level language d. 5GL e. BIOS

Machine language

What is numeric data

Numeric data consists of numbers that can be used in arithmetic operations. Digital devices represent numeric data using the binary number system, also called base 2

What is plain text and how is it stored?

Plain text, unformatted Text is sometimes called ASCII Text and stored with a TXT, docx, RTF Log extensions

Describe the following memory type: Cache memory

Primary memory

Describe the following memory type: Main memory

Primary memory

Which of the following is measured in terms of GHz? a. Number of CPUs b. Data rate c. Processor speed d. All of the above

Processor speed

Which of the following is classified as volatile memory? a. RAM b. ROM c. All of the above d. None of the above

RAM

Describe the following memory type Flash memory

Secondary storage

Describe the following memory type: CD

Secondary storage

Describe the following memory type: DVD

Secondary storage

Describe the following memory type: Solid State Disk

Secondary storage

In a computer with 32-bit data-bus, how many 4-bit wide memory components are used?

Size of 1 memory components = 4GB

different types of solid-state storage devices.

Solid state storage (sometimes called flash memory) stores data in erasable, rewritable circuitry, rather than on spinning disks or streaming tape

Sampling rate refers to

The number of times per second that a sound is measured during the recording process.

digitization

The process of converting information, such as text, numbers, photos, or music, into digital data that can be manipulated by electronic devices

Flash memory is slower that SRAM and DRAM. T/F

True

Size of SRAM is smaller than the size of DRAM. T/F

True

The resolution of a bitmap

Usually expressed as the number of horizontal and vertical pixels it contains

memory card

a flat, solid state storage medium commonly used to transfer files from digital cameras and media players to computers

USB flash drive

a portable storage device that plugs directly into a computer's system unit using a built-in USB connector.

following concepts in the context of hard disks:

a) Track- As the disk rotates, the head describes a circle called a track (b) Sector - A sector is the smallest unit of data that can be read from or written to the disk. (c) Access Time - It is the time it takes for a hard disk before it transfers data (ms) (d) Data Transfer Rate- It is the time needed to send the requested data from the hard drive to the requesting device

Which of the following statements defines a computer? a) A programmable machine that inputs data and outputs processes b) Any device capable of processing information to produce a desired result. c) A programmable device capable of accepting input, processing input, and producing output d) b and c

b and c

A group of eight bits is called a _______.

byte

Lossy compression techniques

discard some data from an image to shrink its file size. JPEG is a lossy version of run-length encoding that can be applied to images, such as photographs, that don't have large areas of solid color.

What is the minimum standard sampling frequency that is used to digitize audio signals for CD-quality music? a. 2,000 Hz b. 4,000 Hz c. 8,000 Hz d. 16,000 Hz e. 44,100 Hz

e. 44,100 Hz

solid state drive (SSD)

is a package of flash memory that can be used as a substitute for a hard disk drive.

Ripping

is a slang term that refers to the process of importing tracks from a CD or DVD to your computer's hard disk.

Extended ASCII

is a superset of ASCII that uses eight bits for each character. For example, Extended ASCII represents the uppercase letter A as 01000001.

UTF-8

is a variable-length coding scheme that uses seven bits of common ASCII characters, but uses 16-bit Unicode as necessary.

Character data

is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that are not used in calculations. Digital devices employ several types of codes to represent character data, including ASCII, Unicode, UTF-8 and their variants.

The number of frames that are displayed per second (FPS)

is the frame rate

What is a non-volatile memory?

it does not lose the contents/data when the power is lost. Eg. Hard Disk, Flash storage.

What is a memory controller?

s a digital circuit that manages the flow of data going to and from the computer's main memory. -The memory controller is a chip typically found on the north bridge of the motherboard.

JPEG files are compressed using lossy compression,

some quality is lost when the file is saved. When saving an image as a JPEG, you may be able to select a compression level. Take care with lossy compression to ensure that your image is not further compressed every time you save it

First task to digitize information is __________.

to reduce infinite number of measurements to a finite number

Unicode

uses sixteen bits and provides codes for 65,000 characters—a bonus for representing the alphabets of multiple languages.