Pathology and Microbiology Review 1

Bacteria usually reproduce by Select one: a. binary fission. b. trinary fission. c. sexual reproduction. d. sporulation.

binary fission.

A disorder of the pituitary gland characterized by intense thirst and the excretion of large amounts of urine is Select one: a. diabetes urea. b. all of these. c. diabetes mellitus. d. diabetes insipisus.

diabetes insipisus.

Diplococci appear Select one: a. in groups of eight. b. in pairs. c. in long chain-like formations. d. in a cluster.

in pairs.

The harboring of macroscopic animal parasites is called Select one: a. infection. b. infestation. c. latrogenic. d. intoxication.

infestation.

Microorganisms that produce disease only under favorable conditions are Select one: a. saprophytes. b. obligate aerobes. c. true pathogens. d. opportunists.

opportunists.

Enlargement of the breasts during lactation is Select one: a. compensatory hypertrophy. b. simple tumor. c. pathological hypertrophy. d. physiological hypertrophy.

physiological hypertrophy.

Congenital disease transmission occurs through the Select one: a. broken skin. b. placenta. c. digestive system. d. respiratory tract.

placenta.

Staphylococcus aureus causes Select one: a. a nosocomial infection. b. diphtheria. c. anthrax. d. syphilis.

a nosocomial infection

pH is a method for measurement of Select one: a. colony color. b. colony growth. c. colony size. d. alkalinity.

alkalinity.

A complication of diabetes mellitus is Select one: a. gangrene. b. arteriosclerosis. c. all of these. d. vascular obstruction.

all of these.

A nevus is Select one: a. commonly referred to as a mole. b. a malignant tumor of nervous tissue. c. a blood disorder. d. a malignant tumor of muscle tissue.

commonly referred to as a mole.

Unfavorable conditions that arise during the course of a disease are Select one: a. sequelae. b. complications. c. intoxicantions. d. iatrogenic conditions.

complications.

The common cold can be transmitted by Select one: a. droplet spray. b. contaminated food. c. congenital transmission. d. an insect bite.

droplet spray.

Histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis are caused by Select one: a. bacteria. b. fungi. c. chlamydia. d. rickettsia.

fungi.

Mycology is the study of Select one: a. fungi. b. viruses. c. protozoa. d. bacilli.

fungi.

It is characteristic of leukemia to be accompanied by a massive proliferation of Select one: a. leukocytes. b. osteocytes. c. thrombocytes. d. erythrocytes.

leukocytes.

What is classified as pneumotropic? Select one: a. Rabies b. Shingles c. Chickenpox d. Influenza

: Influenza

What type of condition is produced by the application of an antiseptic? Select one: a. Bacteriocidal b. Bacteriostatic c. Sterile d. Aseptic

Bacteriostatic

What is capable of producing an enterotoxin that will cause food poisoning? Select one: a. Streptococcus b. Treponema c. Mycobacterium d. Staphylococcus

Staphylococcus

Which of these is a characteristic of rickettsial organisms? Select one: a. They are spiral-shaped b. They are smaller than viruses c. They are non-pathogenic d. They are arthropod-borne

They are arthropod-borne

Please match the excitatory causes of disease with their description

Trauma → Mechanical injury (fractures, gunshots), Allergens → Foreign proteins, pollens, serums, Infectious/Living agents → Bacteria, yeasts, molds, protoza, Chemical agents → Lead, mercury, morphine, Deficiency → Lack of vitamins, minerals, hormones, Physical agents → Heat, cold, electricity

Rabbit fever is the common name for the disease Select one: a. Plague. b. Rabies. c. Rocky Mountain spotted fever. d. Tularemia.

Tularemia.

The type of immunity conferred after birth is called Select one: a. acquired. b. genetic. c. racial. d. innate.

acquired.

The presence of serum protein in the urine is called Select one: a. anuria. b. albuminuria. c. pyuria. d. glycosuria.

albuminuria.

The type of acquired immunity that results from the inoculation of immune serum is called Select one: a. artificially acquired active. b. artificially acquired passive. c. naturally acquired passive. d. naturally acquired active.

artificially acquired passive.

A general term used to designate the state of collapse that follows severe tissue injury is Select one: a. circulatory shock. b. passive hyperemia. c. anasarca. d. plethora.

circulatory shock.

Inflammation of the large intestine is called Select one: a. hepatitis. b. enteritis. c. pancreatitis. d. colitis.

colitis.

The condition in which the structure and function of the body is altered as a result of injury to the tissues is called Select one: a. diagnosis. b. disease. c. pathology. d. etiology.

disease.

A communicable disease that attacks a large number of persons in a community at about the same time is termed Select one: a. endemic. b. epidemic. c. sporadic. d. pandemic.

epidemic.

A chronic disorder of the nervous system characterized by attacks causing loss of consciousness and convulsions is Select one: a. palsy. b. epilepsy. c. paraplegia. d. amnesia.

epilepsy.

That branch of pathology dealing with the body as a whole, without regard to any particular organ or system is Select one: a. general pathology. b. microscopic pathology. c. medico-legal pathology. d. special pathology

general pathology.

The action of gastro-intestional secretions upon blood in the digestive tract causes the formation of very dark-tarry feces or vomitus known as Select one: a. ecchmosis. b. melena. c. purpura. d. hematemesis.

melena.

The study of the true fungi is Select one: a. myology. b. rickettsiology. c. mycology. d. bacteriology.

mycology.

Lack of resistance to a specific disease is called Select one: a. susceptibility. b. immunity. c. virulence. d. attenuation.

susceptibility.

This type of pathology is used in legal proceedings. Select one: a. Physiological b. Surgical c. Forensic. d. Microscopic

Forensic.

What is NOT a phenolic compound? Select one: a. Hexachlorophene b. Phenol c. Glutaraldehyde d. Carbolic acid

Glutaraldehyde

Vaccination with cowpox virus will produce an immunity to Select one: a. rabies. b. rubeola. c. variola. d. varicella.

variola.

The prediction of the probable outcome of a disease is called Select one: a. etiology. b. diagnosis. c. recurrent. d. prognosis.

prognosis.

The replacement of destroyed tissue with the same kind of tissue is a process called Select one: a. encapsulation. b. repair. c. regeneration. d. icterus.

regeneration.

Various pathological processes indicating a disturbance in cell metabolism are called Select one: a. regressive tissue changes. b. progressive tissue changes. c. transitional tissue changes. d. pathogens.

regressive tissue changes

Of the items listed, which are lifestyle choices which can lead to cardiovascular disease? 1. Tocacco use and fatty foods 2. Little exercise and high stress 3. Excessive alcohol use 4. Diet low in fat, cholesterol, and sodium Select one: a. 1 and 3 b. 1, 2 and 3 c. 1 and 2 d. 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Which of the following are types of aneurysms? 1. Tubular and sesamoid 2. Tubular and saccular 3. Dissecting and bifurcated 4. Dissecting and fusiform Select one: a. 2, 3, and 4 b. 2 and 3 c. 4 d. 1 and 2

4

What control process is used to destroy something of no value? Select one: a. Incineration b. Freezing c. Direct sunlight d. Boiling

Incineration

What is the term used when discussing the proportion of deaths to a population? Select one: a. Morbidity rate b. Nosocomial c. Pathogenesis d. Mortality rate

Mortality rate

Ophthalmia neonatorum is an infection caused by a species of bacteria which is a member of the genus Select one: a. Mycobacterium. b. Treponema. c. Neisseria. d. Corynebacterium

Neisseria.

In the study of pathology, the concept of abatement deals with Select one: a. the remote aftereffects produced by the disease. b. the alternating symptoms during the disease. c. a lessening in the severity of a disease. d. an unfavorable condition that arises during a disease.

a lessening in the severity of a disease.

A disease that results from the adverse activity of medical professionals is Select one: a. a nosocomial infection. b. a communicable disease. c. an infectious disease. d. an iatrogenic disease.

an iatrogenic disease.

The serum derived from an animal that has been immunized to an infectious disease and is used to confer immunity to others, including humans, is called Select one: a. antiserum. b. an antibiotic. c. antitoxin. d. a vaccine.

antiserum.

A congenital disease is Select one: a. a disease that develops after birth. b. a disease of unknown cause. c. a disease that begins before birth and is evident at the time of birth. d. a disease that reappears after a period of remission.

a disease that begins before birth and is evident at the time of birth.

Which structure interferes most with phagocytosis? Select one: a. Capsules b. Flagella c. Granules d. Vacuoles

Capsules