Pathophysiology Test One Review
A student is explaining to her colleague that different methods that are available for genetic mapping. Which of the colleague's statements indicates a need for further teaching?
"In situ hybridization focuses on genes that can express themselves in cell culture." Correct response is genes that do not express themselves in cell culture.
A couple who are pregnant with their first child have made an appointment with a clinical geneticist to discuss prenatal screening. The man states that they, "just want to make sure that there is nothing wrong with our baby." How could the clinician best respond to this statement?
"Testing the umbilical blood and performing amniocentesis can give is some information, but not a guarantee."
A part of a first aid class, a health care instructor is teaching a group of industrial workers about how electrical injuries can cause cell damage. Which statement made by one of the workers indicates that further teaching is necessary?
"The greater the skin resistance, the greater the amount of deep and systemic damage a victim is likely to incur" Correct response would be less resistance instead of greater resistance.
Which client cases are receiving treatment that has been developed utilizing recombinant DNA techniques?
-Client with end-stage renal disease receiving erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production. -Stroke victim receiving tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to dissolve the thrombi.
The mother of an 18-month-old child is concerned that her child is lethargic and not eating foods that he normally enjoys. She takes him to the pediatrician for a check-up. Which clinical manifestations lead the health care provider to suspect the child may have a neuroblastoma?
-Large, protruding abdomen -Crying when joints/position changed -Weight loss
A young client has just been diagnosed with xeroderma pigmentosum. When teaching this family about this disease, the nurse should emphasize which teaching points?
-The best time to allow the child to play outside is in the evening hours after the sun goes down. -Wear long sleeves, long pants, gloves, a hat, sunglasses with side shields, and sunscreen while outdoors.
The neuroscience nursing unit has developed a set of step-by-step directions of what should occur if a nursing assessment reveals the client may be exhibiting clinical manifestations of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Which statements about clinical practice guidelines are accurate?
-The development of evidence-based practice guidelines require a research review of different studies to develop the most accurate diagnostic method to implement. -When developing a CVA set of step-by-step directions, the nursing unit should ask for assistance from experts in the neuroscience field. The potential users of the guidelines should pilot test it for further feedback. -A meta-analysis could be utilized to combine evidence from different studies to produce a more accurate diagnostic method.
Of the following situations, which one would be an example of maladaptive cellular change?
18 year old body builder who has developed extremely large pectoral muscles following years of weight lifting.
The public health nurse is designed a course about risk factors for various chronic illnesses. For risk factors about which chronic illness will the nurse consult the Framingham study?
Cardiovascular disease
A nurse practitioner is working in a crowded neighborhood where the population is primarily immigrants from China. The nurse has designed a research study to follow children from kindergarten to the age of 25. She is going to be looking at their diet, successful progression in school, health practices, and development of disease, to name a few items. This type of research is known as:
Cohort Study
A client arrives in the emergency department reporting muscle cramps and spasms in the legs and feet; tingling in the fingers, toes, and lips; and anxiety. Serum calcium level is 4.8 mg/dL (1.2 mmol/L). Suspecting tetany, which medication should the nurse be prepared to administer?
IV calcium gluconate.
