Patterson ch4

from the 1950 to 2010, how many people have been convicted solely for criticizing the governments war policies

0

the second amendment protects and supports which of the following

a well regulated militia, and the right to bear arms

this best describes the subject under consideration in roe v. wade

abortion

the idea that the state must use procedures under the law before depriving someone of life, liberty, or property is part of the

due process clause of the fourteenth amendment

near v. minnesota

freedom of press

hamilton v. regents U of C

freedom of religion

gitlow v. new york

freedom of speech

this is true regarding freedom of the press

freedom of the press receives strong judicial protection

free speech is usually protected in the united states unless it

involves false commercial advertising claims, presents a clear and present danger to others, leads to imminent and lawless action

which group is typically more protective of individual rights

judges

the supreme court determined that privacy rights extended to consensual activity between same-sex partners in

lawrence v. texas

civil ________ refer to individual rights, such as the freedom of speech and religion, while civil ______ refer to rights and privileges granted to citizens by government, such as equality under the law

liberties, rights

the law passes by congress, soon after the 9/11 attacks, that allows the FBI and other intelligence agencies to access personal information and records without consent from targeted individuals is known as the USA ________ act

patriot

the fifth and fourteenth amendments

provide that no person can be deprived on life, liberty, or property without due process of law

law enforcement officials sometimes controversially rely on the practice of _________________ the assumption that certain groups of people are more likely to commit particular crimes

racial profiling

according to the establishment clause, the government is required to

remain neutral toward all religions

the constitutional rights to bear arms is found in which of the following amendments

second amendment

the process by which the supreme court makes certain parts of the bill of rights applicable through the fourteenth amendment to actions by state governments is known as _________ incorporation

selective

the supreme court has ruled that the right of free assembly

takes precedence over the possibility that the exercise of the right might have undesirable consequences

today most of the guarantees in the bill of rights are protected from action by which of the following

the federal and state governments

in brandenburg v. ohio the supreme court developed which of the following tests that expanded protections for Americans to voice political opinions

the imminent lawless action test

griswold v. connecticut is the landmark case that established the right to privacy, the case involved the question of whether a state can prohibit

the use of contraceptives by a married couple

the supreme court constantly ruled that the george W. bush administrations practice of denying constitutional legal protections to enemy combatants was

under the jurisdiction of the united states courts

the importance of listing individual rights in the constitution is that is gives individuals who feel that their rights have been violated

a basis for taking the alleged violation into a court of law for a ruling by a judge

according to the _________ doctrine, government can aid a religious organization so long as the aid is non-religious in nature and the government doesnt favor one religion over another

accomodationist

in the case of korematsu v. united states the courts

allowed government policies during wartime that would not be allowed in times of peace

in which 2014 case did the supreme court rule that companies that are "closely held" (only a few owners) are not required to provide their employees with birth control if they object on religious grounds

burwell v. hobby lobby

under the fifth amendment, suspects

charged with a federal crime cannot be tried unless indicted by a grand jury

constitutional guarantees that protect citizens from arbitrary government action are known as

civil liberties

according to this test, before speech can be restricted, the government must clearly demonstrate that a citizen's expression presents a very obvious and real danger to the public safety

clear and present danger test

in 2016 the supreme court ruled that police _________ use an outstanding warrant for another offense as an excuse to apprehend a suspect for another unrelated offense

could

following the eighth amendment the supreme court has used which tests to determine if an action constitutes cruel and unusual punishment

determining whether a punishment is unnecessarily cruel, disproportionate to the offense, or violates fundamental standards of good conveniences and fairness

in which case did the supreme court rule that the second amendment protects an individuals right to possess a firearm unconstitutional to service in a militia

district of columbia v. heller

in engle v. vitale (1962) the supreme court ruled against the reciting of prayers in public schools on grounds it violates the

establishment clause

the ______ clause of the fist amendment requires government neutrality toward religious institutions, whereas the _________ clause prohibits the government from interfering with individuals practice of their religion

establishment, free-exercise

freedom of ________ is the right of individual Americans to hold and communicate thoughts of their choosing

expression

based on exclusionary rule, evidence that is illegally obtained can normally be used in a trial

false

true or false: according to the supreme court, a statement that someone makes that ruins a public officials career may be considered libel or slander oven if the statement is factually accurate

false

true or false: according to the supreme court, police can search a persons home merely on the basis of a hunch that the owner might be breaking the law

false

the first amendment protection that makes it illegal for the government to enact laws that restrict free practice of religion by any individual is known as the

free-exercise clause

dejonge v. oregon

freedom of assembly

the free-exercise clause

has been interpreted to mean that americans can not always act on their religious beliefs if they conflict with other laws, is part of the first amendment, has been interpreted to mean americans can hold any religious belief of their choosing

in united states v. Leon the supreme court ruled that, despite the exclusionary rule that evidence discovered under a faulty warrant was admissible because police had acted

in good faith

since 1990 the number of federal and state prisoners in the united states has

increased sharply

these are true concerning the right of assembly

individuals cannot hold assembly at busy intersections during rush hour, regulations of public assemblies must be applied fairly to all group, public officials can regulate the time and place of assemblies

the current standard used to determine whether the establishment clause has been violated is known as the ______ test

lemon

a false written statement about other people that harms their reputation is known as ________, whereas a false verbal statement about other people is known as _________

libel, slander

the sedition act of 1798

made it a crime to publish stories there were harshly critical of the president

which case did the supreme court rule that the second amendment, with some restrictions, prohibited state and local governments from effectively banning gun ownership

mcdonald v. chicago

which case established the law enforcing officers must advise detainees of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, before beginning questioning in a criminal investigation

miranda v. arizona

this is true about libel and slander

neither libel or slander is protected by the first amendment

the supreme court has generally held that those convicted in state courts and who appeal on the grounds that their federal constitutional rights were violated are limited to

one appeal

the attempt to block the publication of material considered to be harmful is known as ______ restraint

prior

the right of an individual to be left alone without any interference from others is known as the right to

privacy

which term describes the set of procedures authorities must follow before a person can be lawfully punished for an offense

procedural due process

these are considered civil liberties

right to a fair trial, freedom of speech, freedom of religion

Grisworld v. Connecticut (1965) was a case involving

right to privacy

the plain view exception

says evidence found in plain sights is admissible even it a suspect was stopped for another infraction

in mapp v. ohio the supreme court extended the constitutional protection against unreasonable search and search and seizure to action by _____ government

state

where is the bill of rights located in the US constitution

the first 10 amendment to the constitution make up the bill of rights

in the process of selective incorporation, which is the amendment that the supreme court relies on to apply most, but not all, of the provisions of the bill of rights to actions by the state governments

the fourteenth amenment

this allows the admission into trial of otherwise excludable evidence if the evidence was obtained by police who thought they were following proper procedure

the good faith exception

the establishment clause of the constitution restricts which of the following

the government from supporting religion over no religion, government from favoring one religion over another

what was the name of the 1798 law that criminalized any speech or writings critical of the government, congress, or the president

the sedition act

these are true concerning the supreme courts decisions involving symbolic speech

the supreme court has ruled that burning an american flag is a protected form of symbolic speech, the supreme court has protected symbolic speech nearly as vigorously as actual speech

the supreme court decision in schenck v. united states established which principle

the the federal government can restrict free expression but that it does not have unlimited authority to do so

true or false: the supreme court ruled that school administrators has discretion in searching student lockers for drugs and weapons as they are responsible for student safety

true

in hamden v. rumsfeld, the supreme court ruled that the use of secret military tribunals to try detainees accused on terrorism were _______, as detainees were entitled to a trial affording all the guarantees contained in the constitution

unconstitutional

in planned parenthood v. casey the supreme court ruled that restrictions on abortion were legal so long as they didnt place an _______ _______ on a womans right to obtain an abortion

undue burden

which 2002 case did the supreme court rule that tax-supported school vouchers used to send children to private religious schools were not a violation of the establishment clause

zelman v. simmons-Harris

which amendment to the united states constitution protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures

4th

which amendment to the united states constitution protects individuals from testifying against themselves in a court of law?

5th

the imminent lawless action test

has two criteria for speech advocating the unlawful use of force to be prohibited, says that for speech to be restricted, it must be directed at inciting or producing imminent lawless speech, says that speech must be likely to produce lawless action

which 2011 case did the supreme court rule that the first amendments protection of speech extended even to hate speech during the funerals of soldiers killed in action

snyder v. phelps

which of the following acts of legislation gave government increased authority to examine medical, financial, and student records and increased surveillance of communications without a warrant of court order

the USA patriot act

in gitlow v. new york, the supreme court ruled that the bill of rights

protects individuals from action by state government as well as the federal government

which case did the supreme court rule for public figures to win a libel claim, they must prove actual malice

new york times co. v. sullivan

this supreme court case was also known as the pentagon papers case

new york times co. v. united states

in the 1963 Gideon case, the supreme court established that

the government must provide lawyers to individuals who cannot afford their own attorney