Pediatric Ch. 10

What does the nurse ask the parent before giving influenza vaccination to a child?

'Is your child allergic to eggs of any kind?'

While reviewing the laboratory results of a 4-month-old infant, the nurse concludes that the infant has neonatal tetany. Which statement made by the parent supports the nurse's conclusion?

"I give whole cow's milk to my child."

A pregnant patient tells the nurse, "I am allergic to milk and I worry that my baby will also have this allergy." What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"We can get the umbilical cord blood tested to determine whether the child has this allergy."

The community nurse is teaching a group of parents about ways to prevent rickets in children. What information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You have to take your baby outside so the baby can get sunlight regularly."

A child is admitted to the hospital for the management of failure to thrive. What should the mother of the child be instructed regarding feeding? Select all that apply.

'Introduce new foods slowly.' 'Maintain a face-to-face posture.'

A 6-month-old infant died suddenly in the crib during the winter. There was no identifiable reason for the death, even after conducting a postmortem examination. What should the nurse instruct the mother to do to prevent death in another infant? Select all that apply.

'The baby should always sleep in the supine position.' 'You should not smoke while you are pregnant.' 'Your husband should not ever smoke in the home.'

A pregnant woman informs the nurse that allergy to cow's milk runs in her family and asks her what she can do to prevent it from occurring in her children. What should the nurse tell her?

'You should breastfeed your baby for at least 6 months.'

An infant weighing 7 kg has developed a severe anaphylactic reaction following ingestion of soy-rich food. What is the dose of epinephrine which has to be administered to the infant through the intramuscular route? Insert a leading zero if applicable. Record your answer using three decimal places.

0.07

While caring for a child with an allergic reaction in the emergency department, the nurse finds that a child who weighs 16 kg has a barky cough, severe bradycardia, and dyspnea. What is the appropriate nursing action in this situation?

Administer 0.15 mg epinephrine as prescribed.

Which neonatal complication can be prevented when the nurse instructs a pregnant patient to increase folic acid in her diet?

Spina bifida

A child who has growth failure is suspected to be in the initial stages of failure to thrive. What should be primary goals in nutrition management of this child? Select all that apply.

Allowing for catch-up growth in the infant Correcting nutritional deficiency in the infant Restoring correct body composition in the infant Educating caretakers about nutritional requirements

The nurse works in a neonatal care unit. Which infant is at high risk of developing sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and needs to be closely monitored?

An infant whose mother smokes

Which strategy might be recommended to increase caloric intake in an infant with failure to thrive?

Be persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal.

The nurse pays a home visit to new parents and finds that the infant is crying due to colicky pain. What instructions does the nurse provide to the parents to prevent colic in the infant? Select all that apply.

Burp during and after feeding Place the infant in electric swing Provide small and frequent feeding

Research has revealed that infants who are fed an organic diet deficient in vegetables and fruits are more likely to be deficient in which vitamin?

C

Which is a macromineral?

Calcium

Apnea of infancy has been diagnosed in an infant scheduled for discharge with home monitoring. Part of the infant's discharge teaching plan should include?

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A 3-month-old bottle-fed infant is allergic to cow's milk. What is the best substitute for the nurse to teach the parents to use?

Casein hydrolysate milk formula

What condition is also known as paroxysmal abdominal pain?

Colic

What are the primary goals in the nutritional management of infants with failure to thrive? Select all that apply.

Correct nutritional deficiencies Restore optimal body composition Educate the parents or primary caregivers on the child's nutritional requirements

An infant has a food allergy. Which conditions in the infant may require the nurse to administer an intramuscular injection of epinephrine to this infant? Select all that apply.

Cyanosis Wheezing Barky cough

A parent is worried about the flattened shape of their baby's skull. The primary health care provider assessed the baby and diagnosed the baby with plagiocephaly. The health care provider informed the parent that this is not a serious problem. What information should be given to the parent by the nurse? Select all that apply.

Do not leave a child in car restaints for a long time. Make sure the child is in a prone position during tummy time

An infant is diagnosed with an allergy to cow's milk. What nursing interventions are appropriate for this infant? Select all that apply.

Eliminate cow's milk-based formula from the diet. Emphasize a milk-free diet for 12 months duration. Shift to casein hydrolysate milk formula in the diet.

What are clinical manifestations of failure to thrive? Select all that apply.

Growth failure Development delays Avoidance of eye contact

The school nurse is called to the cafeteria because a child "has eaten something he is allergic to." The child is in severe respiratory distress. What is the priority action by the nurse?

Having someone call for emergency assistance

Which statement is the best description of colic for parents who are asking whether their infant is experiencing this alteration?

Infants with colic have paroxysmal abdominal pain or cramping manifested by episodes of loud crying.

The nurse is providing education to a parent of a 10-month-old infant with the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy. What will be included in the teaching? Select all that apply.

Introduction of soy-based products to replace milk Reading of all food labels to avoid products with milk Signs and symptoms associated with potential accidental ingestion of milk

The nurse is caring for an infant who has protein-energy malnutrition. Which nutritional supplement is administered only when the infant is able to tolerate a steady food source?

Iron

Vitamin C increases the absorption of which nutrient?

Iron

A mother of an 11-month-old infant tells the nurse, "We are vegetarians and I feed soy to my child every other day." Which complication should the nurse assess for in the infant?

Iron-deficiency anemia

A nurse is providing education to a community group in preparation for a mission trip to a third world country with limited access to protein-based food sources. The nurse is aware that children in this country are at increased risk for

Kwashiorkor

a 3-year-old child has thin limbs and a protruding abdomen. The nurse notices that the abdomen is edematous when palpating the abdomen. As the nurse questions the parents, the nurse learns that the baby is fed a diet rich in carbohydrates but poor in proteins. What is this condition called?

Kwashiorkor

Which statement is the most descriptive of kwashiorkor?

Kwashiorkor is of multifactorial origin

The nurse is assessing a child with protein-energy malnutrition. What findings in the child are suggestive of marasmus? Select all that apply.

Little or no depigmentation of hair Little or no depigmentation of skin

Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect in an infant with failure to thrive?

Malnutrition, developmental delays, feeding disorders

The nurse is educating parents about managing their colicky infant. What instruction given by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply.

Massage the infant's abdomen lightly. Respond immediately when the child cries Change the infant's position frequently

What best describes the origin of a cow's milk allergy?

Multifaceted disorder representing adverse systemic and local gastrointestinal reactions to cow's milk protein

What are the most common allergenic foods?

Nuts, eggs, wheat, shellfish, soy

A 1-month-old infant is admitted to the hospital for failure to thrive (FTT) secondary to a cardiac condition. How is this type of FTT categorized?

Organic

A 9-month-old infant is seen in the emergency department after developing urticaric rash with cough and wheezing. When collecting the history of events prior to the sudden onset of the rash with cough and wheezing, the mother states they were "feeding the baby new foods." Which food is the possible cause of this type of reaction in the infant?

Peanut butter

The nurse is teaching a parent about measures to be taken to manage a colicky infant. Which action made by the parent indicates the need for further teaching?

Placing the infant supine on a heated towel

What are the clinical situations in which a nurse expects occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)? Select all that apply.

Preterm infant Brochopulmonary dysplasia Neonates with low Apgar score

What clinical manifestations are most likely to be seen in an infant with kwashiorkor?

Prominent abdomen with severe muscle atrophy

The nurse works in a mother and child clinic. What measures does the nurse educate the parents about to reduce food allergies in the infants? Select all that apply.

Promote exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age in infants Administer vaccination with MMRV (measles, mumps, rubella and varicella). Avoid restricting the maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation

An infant has persistent diarrhea. Following an assessment, the nurse learns that the infant also has developed protein-energy malnutrition due to diarrhea. What are the treatment strategies to manage this child? Select all that apply.

Provision for adequate nutrition intake Use of antibiotics for controlling infection Rehydration with oral rehydration solution

What factors have been shown to increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome in infants? Select all that apply.

Recent illness Sleeping with an adult Smoking around the infant Sleeping in a prone position

A 2-year-old child developed mild allergic symptoms after eating mashed potatoes. What should the nurse advise the parent regarding the safety of consumption of allergenic food?

Reintroduce potatoes into the diet after 2 years of total abstinence.

A nurse is caring for a 2-month-old exclusively breastfed infant with an admission diagnosis of colic. What type of stool does the nurse, drawing on knowledge of breastfed infants, expect?

Semiformed, seedy, yellow

The nurse in a pediatric unit finds that an infant is not breathing. The nurse finds that the infant is in the prone position. The nurse places the infant in the supine position. The nurse then gently tries to stimulate the trunk by rubbing it and also flicks the infant's feet. A minute goes by, and the nurse then implements cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Which nursing intervention was done in error?

Stimulating the infant for 1 minute

The nurse is interviewing the parents of a 4-month-old infant brought to the hospital emergency department. The infant is dead on arrival, and no attempt at resuscitation is made. The parents state that the baby was found in the crib with a blanket over the head, lying face down in bloody fluid from the nose and mouth. The parents indicate no problems when the infant was placed in the crib asleep. Which of the following causes of death does the nurse suspect?

Sudden infant death syndrome

A child has torticollis and plagiocephaly. What nursing intervention are appropriate for this child? Select all that apply.

Switch head position sides regularly. Promote exercises to loosen the tight musclese

An infant is crying loudly and draws the legs up to the abdomen while crying. The mother also reports that this happens frequently and it can take hours to calm down the baby. What should the nurse instruct the mother of the infant to do to relieve the symptoms of colic? Select all that apply.

Take the child for a car ride to calm the baby. Use a pacifier to provide relaxation by sucking.

The school nurse is explaining to a child's kindergarten teacher that the child is allergic to peanuts. What should the nurse explain?

The child should have an injectable epinephtine cartridge available at all times

The nurse is explaining the health problems of infants and children to a student nurse. The student nurse is working with a parent who is upset because their child is diagnosed with a dyssomnia. What should the student nurse look for in this child to understand about dyssomnias?

Trouble in falling asleep at night

An 18-month-old child has fever, rash, runny nose, and Koplick's spots on the inside of the mouth. The child is diagnosed with measles. Which vitamin administration is recommended to decrease the risk of mortality in this child?

Two doses of vitamin A on consecutive days

While reviewing the medical record for an infant, the nurse finds that the infant is receiving long-term salicylate therapy. Which vitamin supplementation would benefit the infant?

Vitamin C

A mother is bringing her 4-month-old infant into the clinic for a routine well-baby check. The mother is exclusively breastfeeding. No other liquids are given to the infant. What vitamin does the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe for this infant?

Vitamin D

The nurse is performing a well-child assessment of an infant. The infant's mother tells the nurse that the family follows a strict vegan diet. For what nutritional deficiencies is this child at risk?

Vitamin D, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, iron, calcium, zinc