Pediatric Growth & Development
By 12 months the infants length has increased by ___________%
50%
(Communication) @ _________________ months, squealing & yelling begin
6 months
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Transfers objects from one hand to the other
7 months
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Sits alone with some use of hands for support
7 months
(Communication) @ _________________ months, babbling progresses to strings without meaning
7 to 10 months
(Social & Emotional) Around __________months the infant may develop stranger anxiety
8 months
(Communication) Warning! @ _________________ months, infant does not babble
8 months of age
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Gross pincer grasp (aka 'rakes')
8 months old
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Bangs objects together
9 months
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, crawls, abdomen off floor
9 months
(Reflex) Root reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth - 3 months
(Reflex) Suck reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth to 2-5 months
How old is a newborn?
Birth to 28 days
(Reflex) Asymmetric tonic neck reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth to 4 months
(Reflex) Moro reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth to 4 months
(Reflex) palmar grasp reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth to 4-6 months
(Reflex) Step reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth to 4-8 weeks
(Reflex) Plantar grasp reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
Birth to 9 months
A newborn that is born @ 28 weeks is born how many weeks early?
Born 12 weeks early
Gross motor skills develop in a ________________ fashion.
Cephalocaudal
What information would the nurse include when teaching the parents of an infant about colic?
Colic symptoms will probably fade at 3 months of age.
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....releases object in hand to take another
6 months
(Protective Reflex) Parachute (sideways) reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
6 months to persists
The mother of an infant is confused after being told by her dentist not to let her baby go to bed with a bottle of milk. She does not agree with that suggestion. Which response should the nurse prioritize when addressing this situation with the mother?
"Bottles given at bedtime can cause erosion of the enamel on the teeth."
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parent of a 2-month-old infant in relation to growth and development. Which statement from the parent demonstrates proper understanding?
"I can expect my infant to be able to raise the head up when on the stomach within the next month."
Newborns lose ________% of bodyweight over 1st week of life
10%
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Raises head to 45 degree in prone
3 month
Average newborn weight?
3.4kg or 7.5lb
What is the correct amount of wet diapers a mature infant should produce each day?
An infant should have 6 to 8 wet diapers/day.
Infants may experience physiologic ____________ at 2 or 3 months of age due to the shorter lifespan of HgbF.
Anemia
A newborn requires skin care that includes bathing. Besides hygiene, what is another reason for bathing the newborn?
Bathing is a time for bonding with the parents.
A benefit of formula is its greater iron concentration compared to breast milk. (T/F)
False
All primitive reflexes disappear over the first few months of life (T/F)
False
Infant hearing develops over the first few months of life. (T/F)
False
(Common Concerns) What is colic?
Inconsolable crying lasting more than 3 hours. Begins @ 2 weeks, about 3 to 7 days per week. Resolved by 3 months.
Piaget Theory on appropriate age activity for 3 months....
Listening to caregivers voice
Piaget Theory on appropriate age for 8 to 12 months....
Playing with blocks
(Reflexes) Name all 12 of the primitive & protective reflexes...
Root - Suck - Moro - Asymmetric tonic neck - Palmar grasp - Plantar grasp - Babinski - Step - Neck righting - Parachute (sideways) - Parachute (forward) - Parachute (Backward)
Which milestone would the nurse expect an infant to accomplish by 8 months of age?
Sitting without support
Light sleep
Sleeping with eyes closed; rapid eye movements and irregular movements may be noticed
An infant's individual normal behavior is referred to as the infant's ____________.
Temperament
active alert state
The infant's eyes are open; body movements occur
Disappearance of the extrusion reflex is a sign that the infant is ready for solid food.
True
One stool every day or two is considered normal if the stool remains soft. (T/F)
True
The parent of an infant asks the nurse when to begin brushing the infant's teeth. What would be the nurse's best response?
as soon as the first tooth erupts
(Reflex) Babinski reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
birth to 12 months
Drowsiness
eyes may close or be half-lidded; the infant may be dozing
(Brain Growth) Mylenation of spinal cord occurs over ____________years
first 2 years
A staff nurse is talking about Piaget's theory with a nursing student. Infants are in the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development during which object permanence is mastered. An example of an infant displaying this ability is_______________
looking for a toy in her crib at the last place she saw it
The best way for an infant's parent to help the child complete the developmental task of the first year is to:
respond to the infant consistently.
The nurse conducting a 6-month well-baby check-up assesses for the presence/absence of the asymmetric tonic neck reflex. At this age the reflex:
should have disappeared.
(Feeding) Newborns can take _________ oz to ____________ oz per feeding initially
0.5 oz to 1 oz
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months Infant fists are mostly clenched.
1 month
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months Involuntary hand movements
1 month
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Head lag when pulled to sit
1 month
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Rounded back in sitting
1 month
(Gross Motor Skills) Lifts & turns head to side in a prone position @ __________months
1 month
(Communication) @ _________________ months, baby makes coos, and demonstrated crying
1 to 3 months
(Cardio) Average Pulse & BP of 1 year ___________
100 & 100/50
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Offers objects to others and releases them
11 months
(Communication) @ _________________ months, words with 'inflection' begin
12 months
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Feeds self with cup and spoon. Makes simple mark on paper. Pokes with index finger.
12 months
(Communication) Warning! @ _________________ months, infant does not use single words with meaning
12 months of age
(Brain Growth) anterior fontanel remains open usually _________ to _______ months of age
12 to 18 months of age
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Raises head and chest, holds position
2 months
(Respiratory) Rate of 1 year________bpm
20 to 30 bpm
The nurse is assessing a 1-year-old at the well-child annual visit and notes the child is meeting the growth parameters. After noting the birth weight was 8 pounds (3.6 kg) and length was 20 inches (50.8 cm) long, which measurements reflecting height/weight would the nurse expect to document for this visit?
24 pounds (10.8 kg) and 30 inches (75 cm)
Average newborn gains about_______g per day
30g per day
Average head circumference of the full term new born is _______________
35 cm or 14 inches
What is a normal gestation length (in weeks)?
40 weeks
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....grasps rattle
5 months
Average newborn height is _________cm
50 cm or 20 inches
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Rolls from supine to prone and back again
3 month
(Gross Motor Skills) @ __________months, Slight head lag in pull-to-sit
3 month
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Holds hand in front of face Hands open
3 months
The normal newborn's respiratory rate ranges from ____________ to _____________.
30 to 60
(Respiratory) Rate of newborn __________bpm
30 to 60 bpm
(Communication) Warning! @ _________________ months, infant doesn't make sounds
4 months
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....bats @ objects
4 months
(Communication) @ _________________ months, baby makes simple vowel sounds, laughs, vocalizes in response to others.
4 to 5 months
(Communication) @ _________________ months, baby distinguishes emotions based on the tone of voice
4 to 7 months
(Protective Reflex) Neck righting reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
4-6 months to persists
The nurse is performing an assessment on a 8-month-old infant. The infant's medical history notes that he was born at 32 weeks' gestation. The infant is progressing normally. At what adjusted age should the nurse expect the infant's developmental accomplishments?
The infant will most likely present with developmental skills consistent with a 6-month-old infant.
Quiet alert state
infant's eyes are open wide and body is calm
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-month-old infant about proper dental care. Which action will the nurse indicate as most likely to cause dental caries in this infant?
putting the infant to bed with a bottle of milk or juice
Deep Sleep
sleeping with eyes closed and no movement
(Communication) Warning! @ _________________ months, infant does not laugh or squeal
6 months
(Feeding) Newborns need to feed__________ times per day
6 to 10 times
(Protective Reflex) Parachute (Forward) reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
6-7 months to persists
(Teeth) Primary teeth erupt @ ________________ months
6-8 months
(Communication) @ _________________ months, infant attaches meaning to words "mama" and "dada"....
9 to 12 months
(Protective Reflex) Parachute (Backward) reflex appears @ ________and disappears @__________
9-10 months to persists
Average newborn regains birthweight by _________days
10 to 14 days
Average additional head circumference increases by _______ cm in the 1st year
10 cm or 4 inches
(Fine Motor Skills) __________ months....Fine pincer grasp. Puts object into container and takes them out
10 months
(Cardio) Average Pulse & BP of Newborn ___________
120 to 140 & 60/40
