Pediatrics Chap 30-31
The nurse sets up a sample physical activities schedule to fit the FDA's Dietary Guidelines for Americans that recommends that children get at least how many minutes of physical activity per day?
60 min
To prevent accidental poisoning of a child, where should medications be placed in the home?
In a locked cupboard
Which type of vaccine contains antigens that are killed by heat, radiation, or chemicals?
Inactivated vaccine Laboratories can produce inactivated vaccines that contain dead antigens so that people can be immunized to prevent them from getting the disease.
What observation in an emergency department should lead a nurse to suspect child abuse in a child with a fractured arm?
Inconsistency between the injury and the parents' explanation of it
When attempting to provide information to the parents of a child undergoing surgery, the nurse notes that the parents appear confused and do not seem to remember what they are being told. What is the most probable cause of the parents' forgetfulness?
Increased level of parents' anxiety
What was founded by Lillian Wald?
Henry Street Settlement
What is one way to enhance the nutrition of the hospitalized toddler?
Offer nutritious fluids frequently
When using anticipatory guidance to prepare a 5-year-old for an IM injection, what statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"Ethan, I am going to give you some medicine that will sting, but only for a little while."
The mother of a child with diabetes asks the nurse in charge of the family-centered pediatric unit if she might see her child's laboratory reports. What response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
"Come to the conference room where we can have privacy while you look at them."
An 8-year-old child asks how a blood pressure is taken. What would be the most appropriate response?
"The armband will hug your arm and tell me how well your blood is going through your arm."
When the newly admitted 2-year-old who was potty-trained before admission begins to wet the bed, the mother is frightened. What statement by the nurse will be most helpful to the mother?
"The stress of hospitalization makes children regress a little."
The mother of a 3-year-old expresses concern about her daughter's slowed growth rate. What would be the most informative response by the nurse?
"Three-year-olds have typically finished a growth spurt, and you may notice a decreased rate in your daughter's growth."
The pediatric nurse reminds the parents of a 2-year-old that by this age the child should be protected against how many vaccine-preventable childhood diseases?
10
What age group is experiencing the largest increase in drug use?
12- to 13-year-olds
A disfiguring facial wound would have the most significant developmental impact on which child?
14-year-old
Approximately half of all new HIV cases are among people under what age?
25 years
What is the maximum amount of time that a nurse should suction an artificial airway?
5 seconds
Because the water in the infant's residential area is not fluoridated, when should the nurse suggest that the infant receive supplemental fluoride?
6 months old
Which of the following is an example of natural acquired passive immunity?
A pregnant woman who transfers antibodies to her baby during breast-feeding. Natural acquired passive immunity is composed of the antibodies that a woman transfers to her fetus during pregnancy and to her infant during breast-feeding. This immunity is short-term but critically important in preventing young infants from many illnesses during the first 6 months after birth.
When measuring the head circumference of an infant, where should the nurse place the tape measure?
Above the eyebrows and pinnas, and around the occipital lobe
What should the nurse do to minimize an unpleasant-tasting drug?
Administer the drug through a straw
Following a lumbar puncture of a 2-year-old, what should the nurse do?
Allow the child to play quietly at will
What practice should be used by a pediatric nurse to remind parents of their responsibility in reducing the number of accidents involving children?
Anticipatory guidance
What is the correct way to assess for the presence of jaundice in an African American child?
Apply pressure to the gum
What is the leading cause of fatal injury in children younger than 1 year old?
Asphyxiation
What should be done before initiating a gavage feeding?
Aspirate stomach contents
When the pediatric nurse is attempting to establish a trusting relationship with a child, what is the most important and lasting thing to do?
Be honest
What is the best time to bathe an infant?
Before a feeding
What is the third leading cause of accidental death in children 1 to 4 years of age?
Burns
Which children must be secured in the back seat in a rear-facing safety seat?
Children weighing up to 20 lb
What is the special category that encompasses children who have congenital abnormalities, malignancies, gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, or central nervous system (CNS) anomalies?
Children with special needs
What is the single most preventable cause of death and disease in the United States today?
Cigarette smoking
Smoking contributes to an increased risk of heart and lung disease in children by which methods
Environmental smoke
The nurse stresses that regular physical activity has been identified as a leading health indicator. Regular physical activity has which positive effect on children?
Increases bone and muscle strength
Why does obtaining the respirations of an infant require a modified approach from that of an adult?
Infants' respiratory movements are abdominal
When communicating with parents suspected of child abuse, what should the nurse be sure to do?
Interact with them in a nonjudgmental manner
What was one of the major strides in pediatric care made by Dr. Abraham Jacobi?
Milk stations in the city of New York
When the nurse is inserting a feeding tube in an 8-month-old, what safety reminder device (SRD) should the nurse most likely use?
Mummy
How should an infant be positioned after a feeding?
On the right side
The parents ask about preparation of their toddler for hospital admission. When does the nurse suggest that the parents tell their toddler of the admission?
Only two or three days before
When a safety reminder device (SRD) is used to protect a child, what is a responsibility of the nurse?
Remove it every 2 hours
What is the correct order for assessing vital signs in an infant to ensure the accuracy of measurements?
Respiration, pulse, temperature
The nurse clarifies that the family-centered care approach terminates which policies? (Select all that apply.)
Rigid visiting hours Exclusion of family during procedures Discouraging family to stay overnight Restricting parents from reading the chart
Where is the typical IV insertion site in an infant younger than 9 months of age?
Scalp vein
What should be the focus of a practice where the pediatric nurse uses a developmental approach?
Strengths and abilities of the child
Which factor is mostly associated with problems such as domestic violence, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), school failure, and motor vehicle accidents (MVAs)?
Substance abuse
What should be included in the teaching plan for the parents of a 3-year-old child who has been prescribed an opioid analgesic?
The opioid is very effective as a pain control method.
What is a disadvantage of using a mist tent with a toddler?
The wet bedding and clothing must be changed frequently.
Why must the pediatric nurse be cautious about medicating infants and young children?
They are more susceptible to medication effects than adults.
What is the purpose of a mist tent?
To liquefy respiratory secretions
What is the preferred IM injection site for a 2-year-old?
Vastus lateralis
A major dental problem among very young children is bottle mouth caries. What is a preventative measure the nurse should suggest?
Water at bedtime
The school nurse recognizes that lack of physical activity and increased consumption of fast food by children are causative factors contributing to which of the following problems?
Weight gain
After observing parental behavior that leads the nurse to suspect child abuse, when should the nurse report the abuse?
Whenever maltreatment of a child is suspected
When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on:
the growth of bones and muscle.
