Pediatrics Exam 2

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child with an umbilical hernia and is teaching the parent about this condition. Which response from the parent indicates a need for further teaching? "I can tape a quarter over the hernia to reduce it." "My child could have some appearance-related self-esteem issues." "I need to watch for pain, tenderness, or redness." "Incarceration is rare, but it can occur."

"I can tape a quarter over the hernia to reduce it."

The nurse is obtaining the history from the parents of an infant who is suspected of having infantile glaucoma. Which statement by the parents would help to confirm this suspicion? "Our child opens the eyes quite frequently when awake." "Our child's eye looks about the same size as the other eye." "It seems like bright lights really bother our child." "Our child's eye doesn't seem to tear much."

"It seems like bright lights really bother our child."

The nurse is using the pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale to assess a child's level of consciousness. What would the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)

Eye opening, Verbal response, Motor response

The nurse is educating the parents of a 7-year-old child with epilepsy about managing treatment of the disorder at home. Which intervention is most effective for eliminating breakthrough seizures?

Understanding the side effects of medications

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a 2-year-old child with hydrocephalus who has just had a ventriculoperitoneal shunt placed. Which information is most important for the parents to be taught? "Limit the amount of television your child watches." "Call the healthcare provider if your child gets a headache." "Watch for changes in your child's behavior or eating patterns." "Always keep your child's head raised 30 degrees."

"Watch for changes in your child's behavior or eating patterns."

A neonate is brought to the emergency department by the parent because the child "just doesn't look right." The neonate is suspected of having sepsis. Which statement by the parent would help to confirm this suspicion?

"My water broke quite a while before I actually birthed the child."

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old with oral vesicles and ulcers from herpangina. The child is refusing fluids due to the pain and the parent is concerned about the child's hydration status. Which of the suggestions would be most appropriate? "Offer 'magic mouthwash' followed by a popsicle." "Encourage your child to have some soda." "Try some benzocaine oral gel." "Offer your child some orange juice."

"Offer 'magic mouthwash' followed by a popsicle."

A young child is prescribed pancreatic enzymes as part of the treatment plan for cystic fibrosis. The child has difficulty swallowing medications. After teaching the parents of a young child with cystic fibrosis about how to administer pancreatic enzymes, the parents demonstrate understanding by stating: "We can open the capsule and sprinkle it on cereal." "We should crush the capsule to make it smaller." "We need to dissolve the capsule in water." "We can puncture the capsule and pour the liquid on our child's tongue."

"We can open the capsule and sprinkle it on cereal."

The nurse is educating the parents of a 7-year-old child who has hearing loss due to otitis media with effusion. Which statement by the parents indicates that further education is needed? "We need to face our child when we are speaking." "We need to raise the volume of our voices significantly so our child can hear us." "We need to make sure we are speaking clearly." "Using hand gestures as visual cues should help our child understand a little better."

"We need to raise the volume of our voices significantly so our child can hear us."

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of an 18-month-old with suspected intussusception. Which finding would the nurse identify as the hallmark of this condition? Perianal skin tags Skin tenting A sausage-shaped mass in the upper midabdomen Abdominal pain and guarding

A sausage-shaped mass in the upper midabdomen

A child is hospitalized diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. What can the nurse anticipate will be included in the plan of care and treatment? (Select all that apply.)

Antibiotic therapy, Administering tepid baths as needed, Acetaminophen

The nurse determines that a child is experiencing late signs of increased intracranial pressure based on which assessment findings? (Select all that apply.)

Bradycardia, Irregular respirations, Fixed dilated pupils

A nurse is providing care to a child with status epilepticus. Which medications would the nurse identify as appropriate to give in this situation? (Select all that apply.)

Fosphenytoin, Diazepam, Lorazepam

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old adolescent who fears the possibility of having a sexually transmitted infection (STI). What would the nurse expect to assess if the adolescent has trichomoniasis? Green vaginal discharge Flu-like symptoms Lesions on the vulva Urinary incontinence

Green vaginal discharge

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of parents about vision impairment. When describing the causes, what would the nurse include as a common cause? (Select all that apply.) Conjunctivitis Trauma Infantile glaucoma Retinopathy of prematurity Amblyopia Refractive error

Infantile glaucoma, Refractive error, Amblyopia, Retinopathy of prematurity

A child is hospitalized with dehydration as a result of rotavirus. When reviewing the plan of treatment, what can the nurse anticipate will be included? (Select all that apply.) Monitor of intake and output Antidiarrheal agents Antibiotic therapy IV fluid administration Daily weight assessment

Monitor of intake and output, IV fluid administration, Daily weight assessment

The nurse is caring for an 11-year-old child with pneumonia who is exhibiting an increased work of breathing. Which would the nurse identify as the priority for this child? Positioning the child in a comfortable position Providing supplemental oxygen as ordered Administering intravenous fluids as ordered Administering analgesics as ordered

Positioning the child in a comfortable position

The school nurse is caring for a 12-year-old child with a bloody nose. Which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? Seat the child with his head tipped back and apply ice or a cold cloth to the nose. With the child lying on his back, apply pressure to the bridge of the nose. With the child lying on his back, pinch the anterior portion of the nose closed. Seat the child leaning forward and pinch the anterior portion of the nose closed.

Seat the child leaning forward and pinch the anterior portion of the nose closed.

The nurse is caring for an 11-year-old with otalgia and fever. When reviewing the child's medical record, which would the nurse identify as a risk factor for acute otitis media? The parent has had recurrent otitis media. The child had a first episode of acute otitis media 3 months ago. The child lives with the parents and older sister. The child was breastfed, not bottle-fed.

The parent has had recurrent otitis media.

A child is diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. The child's parent states, "I don't know where my child would have picked this up." The nurse prepares to respond to the parent based on the understanding that this disorder is most likely caused by: enterovirus. Streptococcus group B. Escherichia coli. Haemophilus influenza type B.

enterovirus.

After teaching a class to a group of nursing students about reporting infectious diseases to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the instructor determines a need for additional discussion when the students identify which infection as being reportable? Gonorrhea Pinworm Lyme disease Pertussis

pinworm

A child with asthma has been monitoring his peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and has been maintaining it within 90% of personal best. Today, the child is experiencing symptoms and the PEFR is at 40% of personal best. The child's parent calls the office and asks the nurse what to do. What would the nurse instruct the parent to do first? "Have your child use the short-acting bronchodilator right away." "Have your child use the low-dose steroid inhaler now and again in 15 minutes." "You need to take your child to the emergency department right away." "Continue to watch your child's PEFR readings and call back if they go below 40%."

"Have your child use the short-acting bronchodilator right away."

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who experienced a febrile seizure for the first time. What statements by the parents of the child should the nurse address further? (Select all that apply.) "It's important to manage fevers in the future in order to decrease the risk of febrile seizures." "We have never had anyone in our family have a febrile seizure so I was so surprised when this happened." "I am thankful that our child won't have to be on anti-seizure medication." "It is so scary to think that our child will likely develop epilepsy now." "I am afraid that our 10-year-old will start having febrile seizures."

"I am afraid that our 10-year-old will start having febrile seizures." "It is so scary to think that our child will likely develop epilepsy now."

The nurse is caring for a child with celiac disease. The parents and the child have attended a class with a group of other clients with the disorder. Which statements by the child or the parents indicate the need for further teaching? (Select all that apply.) "My brother and sister are more likely to develop celiac disease since I have it." "I must be careful to eat only 100% whole grain foods." "Celiac disease is the same as gluten intolerance that everyone is talking about these days." "I love pasta, so as long as I only eat it occasionally I should be fine." "I hope they find a cure for celiac disease some day."

"I must be careful to eat only 100% whole grain foods.", "I love pasta, so as long as I only eat it occasionally I should be fine.", "Celiac disease is the same as gluten intolerance that everyone is talking about these days."

The parent of a child with asthma tells the nurse about occasionally giving the child the steroid medicine the child takes for rheumatoid arthritis when the child has a "flare up" of asthma. "It's easier than going to the hospital or healthcare provider every time a flare up happens." What is the best response by the nurse? "I'm sure it must be difficult to cope with the flare ups, but there are many side effects from steroid use and the healthcare provider needs to monitor your child's asthma symptoms." "As long as you only occasionally give your child the medication it shouldn't be a problem." "An adult should never give a child their medication. The doses may be very different." "I understand that appointments can be annoying but steroid use can cause your child to have high blood sugar, peptic ulcers, slowed growth rate, and various other problems.

"I'm sure it must be difficult to cope with the flare ups, but there are many side effects from steroid use and the healthcare provider needs to monitor your child's asthma symptoms."

A child is hospitalized diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. What can the nurse anticipate will be included in the plan of care and treatment? (Select all that apply.) Administering tepid baths as needed Antibiotic therapy Ice packs to the back of the neck and feet to reduce body temperature Acetaminophen

Administering tepid baths as needed, Antibiotic therapy, Acetaminophen

While obtaining the health history for an 11-year-old child, the nurse suspects the child may have myopia based on what information? (Select all that apply.) The child tells the nurse that they have to squint to see their teacher write on the white board at the front of the classroom. The parent tells the nurse that the child seems to hold books "closer and closer" to the face when reading. The parent tells the nurse that the child always wants to set close to the movie screen, but never did in the past. The child tells the nurse that it is difficult to see the ball in the outfield when playing baseball. The child tells the nurse that they have problems seeing their hand held video games.

The parent tells the nurse that the child always wants to set close to the movie screen, but never did in the past., The child tells the nurse that it is difficult to see the ball in the outfield when playing baseball., The child tells the nurse that they have to squint to see their teacher write on the white board at the front of the classroom.