Peds Exam 3: Neuro Study Questions

A young child is having a seizure that has lasted 35 minutes. There is a loss of consciousness. The nurse should recognize that this is: A. absence seizure B. generalized seizure C. status epilepticus D. simple partial seizure

C

After explaining to the parents about their child's unique psychological needs related to a seizure disorder and possible stressors, which of the following interests uttered by them would indicate further teaching? A. Feeling different from peers B. Poor self-image C. Cognitive delays D. Dependency

C

Angie is an adolescent who has seizure disorder; which of the following would not be a focus of a teaching program? A. Ability to obtain a driver's license B. Drug and alcohol abuse C. Increased risk of infections D. Peer pressure

C

Janae has a seizure disorder; which of the following would be the lowest priority when caring for her? A. Observing and taking down data on all seizures B. Assuring safety and protection from injuring C. Assessing for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) D. Educating the family about anticonvulsant therapy

C

The nurse is admitting a young child to the hospital because bacterial meningitis is suspected. The PRIORITY of nursing care is to: A. initiate isolation precautions as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed. B. initiate isolation precautions as soon as the causative agent is identified. C. administer antibiotic therapy as soon as it is ordered. D. administer sedatives/analgesics on a preventive schedule to manage pain.

C

Tiffany is diagnosed with increased intracranial pressure (ICP); which of the following if stated by her parents would indicate a need for Nurse Charlie to reexplain the purpose for elevating the head of the bed at a 10 to 20-degree angle? A. Help alleviate headache B. Increase intrathoracic pressure C. Maintain neutral position D. Reduce intra-abdominal pressure.

C

A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform? Select all that apply. A. Raise the head of the bed. B. Administer intravenous antibiotics, as prescribed. C. Dim the lights in the room. D. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises of the neck. E. Place the child on droplet isolation.

A, B, C, E

A child diagnosed with meningitis is having a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which should the nurse do first? A. Administer blow-by oxygen and call for additional help. B. Reassure the parents that seizures are common in children with meningitis. C. Call a code and ask the parents to leave the room. D. Assess the child's temperature and blood pressure.

A

A child with a seizure disorder has been having episodes during which she drops her pencil and simply appears to be daydreaming. This is most likely a/an: A. Absence seizure. B. Akinetic seizure. C. Non-epileptic seizure. D. Simple spasm seizure.

A

A preschooler has been having periods during which he suddenly falls and appears to be weak for a short time after the event. The preschool teacher asks what she should do. Select the nurse's best response. A. "Have the parents follow up with his pediatrician as this is likely an atonic seizure." B. "Find out if there have been any new stressors in his life, as it could be attention-seeking behavior." C. "Have the parents follow up with his pediatrician as this is likely an absence seizure." D. "The preschool years are a time of rapid growth, and many children appear clumsy. It would be best to watch him, and see if it continues."

A

The diet that produces anticonvulsant effects from ketosis consists of: A. High-fat and low-carbohydrate foods. B. High-fat and high-carbohydrate foods. C. Low-fat and low-carbohydrate foods. D. Low-fat and high-carbohydrate foods.

A

The nurse is doing a neurologic assessment on a 2-month-old infant following a car accident. Moro, tonic neck, and withdrawal reflexes are present. The nurse should recognize that these reflexes suggest: A. neurologic health B. severe brain damage C. decorticate posturing D. decerebrate posturing

A

The nurse is planning care for a school-age child with bacterial meningitis. The plan should include: A. keeping environmental stimuli at a minimum. B. avoiding giving pain medications that could dull sensorium. C. measuring head circumference to assess developing complications. D. having child move head side to side at least every 2 hours.

A

The nurse is planning care for a ten month-old infant with bacterial meningitis. Which of the following nursing measures would be appropriate for the nurse to do? A. Measure head circumference B. Provide an over-the-crib mobile C. Provide active range of motion D. Place in contact isolation

A

Nurse Lorna is assessing infantile reflexes in a 9-month-old baby; which of the following would she identify as normal? A. Persistent rooting B. Bilateral parachute C. Absent moro reflex D. Unilateral grasp

B

The nurse is aware that cloudy cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) most likely indicates: A. Viral meningitis. B. Bacterial meningitis. C. No infection, as CSF is usually cloudy. D. Sepsis.

B

A child recently diagnosed with epilepsy is being evaluated for anticonvulsant medication therapy. The child will likely be placed on which type of regimen? A. Two to three oral anticonvulsant medications so that dosing can be low and side effects minimized. B. One oral anticonvulsant medication to observe effectiveness and minimize side effects. C. One rectal gel to be administered in the event of a seizure. D. A combination of oral and intravenous anticonvulsant medications to ensure compliance.

B

A child with a seizure disorder has been having episodes during which she drops her pencil and simply appears to be daydreaming. This is most likely a/an: A. Simple spasm seizure. B. Absence seizure. C. Akinetic seizure. D. Non-epileptic seizure.

B

A parent of a newborn diagnosed with myelomeningocele asks what is a common long-term complication? The nurse's best response is: A. Learning disabilities. B. Urinary tract infections. C. Hydrocephalus. D. Decubitus ulcers and skin breakdown.

B

An infant is born with a sac protruding through the spine, containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a portion of the meninges, and nerve roots. This condition is referred to as: A. Meningocele. B. Myelomeningocele. C. Spina bifida occulta. D. Anencephaly.

B

In diagnosing seizure disorder, which of the following is the most beneficial? A. Skull radiographs B. EEG C. Brain scan D. Lumbar puncture

B

The MOST appropriate nursing interventions when caring for a child experiencing a seizure include: A. restraining the child when a seizure occurs to prevent bodily harm. B. placing a padded tongue between the teeth if they become clenched. C. avoid suctioning the child during the seizure. D. describing and documenting the seizure activity observed. E. applying supplemental oxygen after inserting an artificial oral airway.

C, D The priority nursing intervention is to observe the child and seizure, and document the activity observed. The child should not be restrained, because this may cause an injury. Nothing should be placed in the child's mouth, because this may cause an injury not only to the child but also to the nurse. To prevent aspiration, the child should be placed on the side if possible to facilitate drainage.

A child is being admitted with the diagnosis of meningitis. Select the procedure the nurse should do first: A. Administration of intravenous antibiotics. B. Administration of maintenance intravenous fluids. C. Placement of a Foley catheter. D. Send the spinal fluid and blood samples to the laboratory for cultures.

D

All of the following may be associated with Guillain-Barre Syndrome except: A. Weakening or tingling sensation in the legs B. Weakness in the arms and upper body C. Nearly complete paralysis D. First symptom is altered mental status

D

The mother of an unconscious child has been calling her name repeatedly and gently shaking her shoulders in an attempt to wake her up. The nurse notes that the child is flexing her arms and wrists while bringing her arms closer to the midline of her body. The child's mother asks, "What is going on?" Select the nurse's best response. A. "I think your daughter hears you, and she is attempting to reach out to you." B. "Your child is responding to you; please continue trying to stimulate her." C. "It appears that your child is having a seizure." D. "Your child is demonstrating a reflex that indicates she is overwhelmed with the stimulation she is receiving."

D

What nursing intervention is used to prevent increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in an unconscious child? A. Suctioning child frequently B. Providing environmental stimulation C. turning head side to side every hour D. Avoiding activities that cause pain or crying

D