Penny Chapter 27: The Fetal Heart and Chest Review Questions
The accumulation of fluid around the lungs is termed
Pleural effusion
The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a
Triangular, echogenic mass within the chest
The embryonic heart begins as
Two tubes
The fetal heart is fully formed by
10 weeks
Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as
A lack of muscle in the dome of the diaphragm
The narrowing of the aortic arch is inidicative of
Coarctation of the aorta
The most common cause of cardiac malposition is
Diaphragmatic hernia
The visualization of the fetal stomach within the fetal chest is most indicative of
Diaphragmatic hernia
Blood is shunted into the inferior vena cava from the umbilical vein by what structure?
Ductus venosus
The condition in which the heart is located on the outside of the chest wall is termed
Ectopic cordis
A co-existing pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of
Fetal hydrops
The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the
Foramen of Bochdalek
What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum?
Foramen ovale
All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantrell except
Gastroschisis
A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent left ventricle is
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent right ventricle is
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome
Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the
Lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio
An echogenic intracardiac focus is most often seen within the
Left ventricle
Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except
Left ventricular hypertrophy
All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except
Narrowing of the aortic arch
The sonographic "bat wing" sign is indicative of
Pleural effusion
A separate mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue is referred to as
Pulmonary sequestration
The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the
Rhabdomyoma
Which of the following best describes transposition of the great vessels?
The aorta arises from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle
Which of the following is a true statement about the fetal heart?
The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium
Which of the following is not a true statement about the normal fetal heart?
The mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve
Which statement is true concerning fetal outflow tracts?
The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the aorta and should be visualized crossing over it
An echogenic intracardiac focus is often seen in cases of
Trisomy 21
Fetal rhabdoymomas are associated with which of the following?
Tuberous sclerosis
Which of the following is considered to be the most common cardiac defect?
Ventricular septal defect
