Penny Chapter 27: The Fetal Heart and Chest Review Questions

The accumulation of fluid around the lungs is termed

Pleural effusion

The most common sonographic appearance of pulmonary sequestration is a

Triangular, echogenic mass within the chest

The embryonic heart begins as

Two tubes

The fetal heart is fully formed by

10 weeks

Eventration of the diaphragm is best described as

A lack of muscle in the dome of the diaphragm

The narrowing of the aortic arch is inidicative of

Coarctation of the aorta

The most common cause of cardiac malposition is

Diaphragmatic hernia

The visualization of the fetal stomach within the fetal chest is most indicative of

Diaphragmatic hernia

Blood is shunted into the inferior vena cava from the umbilical vein by what structure?

Ductus venosus

The condition in which the heart is located on the outside of the chest wall is termed

Ectopic cordis

A co-existing pericardial effusion and a pleural effusion is consistent with the diagnosis of

Fetal hydrops

The most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is the

Foramen of Bochdalek

What is the normal opening in the lower middle third of the atrial septum?

Foramen ovale

All of the following are sonographic features of pentalogy of Cantrell except

Gastroschisis

A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent left ventricle is

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

A group of anomalies characterized by a small or absent right ventricle is

Hypoplastic right heart syndrome

Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using the

Lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio

An echogenic intracardiac focus is most often seen within the

Left ventricle

Tetralogy of Fallot consists of all of the following except

Left ventricular hypertrophy

All of the following are sonographic signs of Ebstein anomaly except

Narrowing of the aortic arch

The sonographic "bat wing" sign is indicative of

Pleural effusion

A separate mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue is referred to as

Pulmonary sequestration

The most common fetal cardiac tumor is the

Rhabdomyoma

Which of the following best describes transposition of the great vessels?

The aorta arises from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle

Which of the following is a true statement about the fetal heart?

The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the left atrium

Which of the following is not a true statement about the normal fetal heart?

The mitral valve is positioned closer to the cardiac apex than the tricuspid valve

Which statement is true concerning fetal outflow tracts?

The normal pulmonary artery should be positioned anterior to the aorta and should be visualized crossing over it

An echogenic intracardiac focus is often seen in cases of

Trisomy 21

Fetal rhabdoymomas are associated with which of the following?

Tuberous sclerosis

Which of the following is considered to be the most common cardiac defect?

Ventricular septal defect