Perio II Exam 1 Book Questions

Stage 3

A patient with 25% HBL, and 5 mm PD, along with Class 2 furcations is what Stage? -Stage 1 -Stage 2 -Stage 3 -Stage 4

An intrabony pocket

A pocket in which the soft tissue lateral wall lies between the tooth surface and the alveolar bone is referred to as: -an intrabony pocket -a gingival pocket -a suprabony pocket -a supracrestal pocket

2

A vertical osseous defect with only a distal and buccal wall is described as a ____ walled defect. -0 -1 -2 -3

Consistency

A visual examination of the gingiva typically includes descriptions of all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: -Color -Form -Consistency -Shape

Cyclosporin

A young child who has recently had a kidney transplant presents with gingival enlargement. The drug-induced enlargement is most likely due to the medication the child is taking, which is: -Dilantin -Ca channel blocker -Nifedipine -Cyclosporin

Mechanical wear

Abrasion is caused by: -Mechanical wear -Chemicals -Food -Sucking on lemons

Partially erupted third molars

Acute pericoronitis occurs in relation to: -Leukemia -Partially erupted third molars -TMJ disease -Lacerations of traumatic origin -Throat infections

pericoronitis.

Acute soft tissue inflammation associated with a partially erupted tooth is termed -occlusal trauma. -apical periodontitis. -pericoronitis. -passive eruption.

The first statement is true, the second is false

Acyclovir is effective for the management of acute herpetic gingivostomatitis, but must be administered prior to the appearance of oral lesions. -Both statements are true -Both statements are false -The first statement is true, the second is false -The first statement is false, the second is true

NSAIDs

All of the following are associated with gingival enlargement EXCEPT one. Which is the exception? -calcium channel blockers -anticonvulsants -cyclosporine -non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Recession

All of the following are common findings in gingivitis EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception? -redness -edema -recession -loss of stippling

History of smoking

All of the following items garnered from a dental history could indicate a gingival/periodontal condition EXCEPT: -Bleeding of the gingiva -A bad taste in the mouth -History of smoking -Past periodontal disease

Gingivitis

Although the biological significance of gingival stippling is not known, some investigators conclude that loss of stippling is an early sign of: -Periodontitis -Gingivitis -Loss of attachment -Occlusal trauma

Bite-wing projection

An additional intraoral projection that can be used for evaluation of the alveolar crest is which of the following? -Periapical projection -Occlusal projection -Bite-wing projection

Greater than it appears in the radiographs

Bone loss in furcation areas is as a rule: -Less than it appears in the radiographs -Greater than it appears in the radiographs -Greater in the maxilla but less in the mandible -Less in the maxilla but greater in the mandible

Cone beam computed tomography

CBCT stands for: -Cone beam centered technology -Computer beam centered technology -Cone beam computed tomography -Computer beamed cone tomography

Clinical findings

Diagnosis of NUG is based on: -Bacterial analysis of smears -Results of the biopsy -Clinical findings -Radiographic findings -Immunologic tests

A and B

Diagnosis of a periodontal abscess is usually done by: -Clinical examination -Radiographic examination -Systemic findings such as fever and leukocytosis -A and B

By clinical probing

Diagnosis of interdental craters is done: -By radiographic finding of irregular areas of reduced radiopacity on the bone crest -By radiographic findings of fuzziness in the bone crest -A and B -By clinical probing -With special radiographic techniques

Clinically

Differences between treated and untreated periodontal disease are, in most cases, detected: -Radiographically by increased bone density -Radiographically by increased bone height -A and B -Clinically

Both true

Drug-induced gingival enlargement may occur in the mouth with little or no plaque. The enlargement may be absent in the mouth with abundant deposits. -Both statements are true. -Both statements are false. -The first statement is true, and the second is false. -The first statement is false, and the second is true.

C, D, A, B

During a history and clinical examination the correct order of the following items is: A. Clinical examination B. Radiographic examination C. Medical history D. Dental history -A, B, C, D -D, C, A, B -B, C, D, A -C, D, A, B

Vitamin D deficiency

Enlargements associated with systemic diseases or conditions include all of the following EXCEPT: -Pregnancy -Puberty -Vitamin C deficiency -Vitamin D deficiency -Plasma cell gingivitis

Pain

Features of the gingiva to consider during examination of the gingiva are color, size, contour, consistency, surface texture, position, ease of bleeding, and ________. -Plaque -Calculus -Pain -None of the above

When inflammation extends from the gingival margin to the mucogingival line

Generalized diffuse gingivitis is present: -When inflammation extends from the gingival margin to the mucogingival line -When inflammation is limited to the marginal gingiva but extends throughout the dentition -When inflammation extends from the marginal gingiva to the adjacent papilla -When inflammation is confined to one or more areas of the marginal gingiva

Is an accumulation of leukemic cells in the gingiva

Gingival enlargement in leukemia: -Is an exacerbation of preexisting gingival inflammation -Is an accumulation of leukemic cells in the gingiva -Occurs only in chronic leukemia -Occurs in final stages of the disease

Diffuse gingivitis

Gingivitis that involves the free and attached gingiva is best described as -diffuse gingivitis. -initial stage gingivitis. -recurrent gingivitis. -papillary gingivitis.

Severe mobility faciolingually and/or mesiodistally, combined with vertical displacement

Grade III mobility is: -Slightly more than normal -Severe mobility faciolingually and/or mesiodistally, combined with vertical displacement -Moderately more than normal -Normal mobility

Grade B

If your patient has diabetes, and has an HbA1C less than 7.0%, what is their Grade? -Grade A -Grade B -Grade C -Grade F

Two-thirds the length of the junctional epithelium from its coronal end

In healthy gingiva, penetration of the periodontal probe stops at: -The most coronal end of the junctional epithelium -One-third the length of the junctional epithelium from its coronal end -Two-thirds the length of the junctional epithelium from its coronal end -The most apical end of the junctional epithelium

Mucous membrane pemphigoid

In which of the following conditions are ocular lesions affecting the conjunctiva characteristically observed? -Bullous pemphigoid -Lupus erythematosus -Mucous membrane pemphigoid -Pemphigus vulgaris

Mucous membrane pemphigoid

In which of the following conditions are ocular lesions affecting the conjunctiva characteristically observed? -Pemphigus vulgaris -Lupus erythematosus -Mucous membrane pemphigoid -Bullous pemphigoid

Lichen planus

In which of the following diseases are circulating autoantibodies absent? -Pemphigus vulgaris -Lichen planus -Bullous pemphigoid -Erythema multiforme -Epidermolysis bullosa

When gingival inflammation was previously present

Metallic pigmentation of the gingiva by heavy metals absorbed systemically by therapeutic use or environmental exposure occurs only: -In cases of subclinical vitamin C deficiency -When gingival inflammation was previously present -In cases of advanced periodontitis -When ulcerative gingival inflammation is present -With some systemic diseases

A, B, E, F, G, H

Microscopically, which of the following features characterize oral lichen planus? A. Hyperkeratosis B. Parakeratosis C. Birbeck granules D. Tzanck cells E. Hydropic degeneration of the basal layer F. Bandlike infiltrate of T lymphocytes G. "Sawtooth" configuration of rete pegs H. Colloid bodies (Civatte bodies) in the epithelium-connective tissue interface -A, B, D, E, F, G, H -A, B, E, F, G, H -A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H -A, B, C, D

The first statement is true, and the second is false.

NUG may appear in patients as an oral manifestation of acute leukemia. It is due to an exacerbation of an existing gingivitis by the systemic disease. -Both statements are true. -Both statements are false. -The first statement is true, and the second is false. -The first statement is false, and the second is true.

Has a specific viral etiology

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis: -Has a specific viral etiology -Has a nonspecific bacterial etiology -Runs an indefinite course -Is not contagious -Occurs mostly in elderly women

Papilloma

Solitary wartlike or cauliflower-like protuberances of the gingiva are most likely: -Keratosis -Kaposi's sarcoma -Papilloma -Sarcoidosis lesions

0.25 to 0.35 mm

Spirochetes penetrate the tissues in NUG lesions to a depth of approximately: -3 to 5 mm -1 to 3 mm -0.5 to 0.9 mm -0.25 to 0.35 mm -0.1 to 0.25 mm

The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.

Spongy and edematous gingiva is a clinical sign of gingivitis. This change in consistency is due to fibrosis and scarring. -The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. -Both the statement and reason are correct. -The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. -NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Both false

Staging determines the risk of rapid progression. Grading assesses severity and complexity. -Both statements are true -Both statements are false. -First statement is true, second statement is false. -Second statement is false, first statement is true.

acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.

Sudden onset, loss of interdental papillae, and a gray psuedomembrane are characteristic of -aggressive periodontitis. -acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. -primary herpetic gingivostomatitis. -mouth breathing.

False

T or F: A clinician should NOT probe around a dental implant when doing a clinical examination.

True

T or F: Bleeding on probing is not a good predictor of progressive attachment loss.

True

T or F: Currently, there are no accurate methods to determine activity or inactivity of a lesion.

False

T or F: It has been proved that NUG is contagious.

False

T or F: Periapical radiographs taken with either the long cone paralleling or bisection of the angle technique frequently reveal the correct relationship between the alveolar bone and the CEJ

True

T or F: The presence of an intact crestal lamina dura may be an indicator of periodontal health, whereas its absence lacks diagnostic relevance.

False

T or F: The width of the attached gingiva is similar to the width of the keratinized gingiva.

True

T or F: Various hemorrhagic disorders can produce gingival bleeding in the absence of gingival inflammation.

Pemphigus vulgaris

The "fish-net" appearance of IgG deposits in the intercellular spaces of stratified squamous epithelial cells is consistent with a diagnosis of: -Pemphigus vulgaris -Lupus erythematosus -Mucous membrane pemphigoid -Erythema multiforme

Clinical attachment loss

The absence of gingival bleeding on probing is desirable and implies a low risk of future: -Clinical attachment loss -Tooth mobility -Gingival bleeding -Plaque accumulation

Not necessarily

The amount of plaque detected is ________ related to the severity of the periodontal disease present. -Directly -Not necessarily -Inversely

A full mouth series

The best radiographs to take to diagnose periodontal disease are: -Vertical bite-wings -A full mouth series -Periapical radiographs -Panoramic radiograph

Erythema migrans

The condition that is least likely to present as desquamative gingivitis is: -Pemphigus vulgaris -Erythema migrans -Lichen planus -Mucous membrane pemphigoid

Erythema migrans

The condition that is least likely to present as desquamative gingivitis is: -Pemphigus vulgaris -Lichen planus -Erythema migrans -Mucous membrane pemphigoid

0.3 mm

The depth of penetration of the probe in the connective tissue apical to the junctional epithelium in a periodontal pocket is about: -0.3 mm -1 mm -1.5 mm -2 mm

2 mm

The distance from the CEJ to the alveolar crest has been analyzed by several investigators and the general consensus seems to be a distance of how much? -1 mm -2 mm -3 mm -4 mm

Clincally

The earliest signs of periodontal disease should be detected: -Radiographically by fuzziness and break in the continuity of lamina dura -Radiographically by wedge-shaped radiolucent areas in the interdental septum -A and B -Clinically

Trauma from occlusion

The etiology of gingival recession includes all of the following EXCEPT: -Faulty toothbrushing technique -Gingival inflammation -Abnormal frenum attachment -Trauma from occlusion

Not common in adults

The features of chronic gingivitis include all of the following EXCEPT: -Slow onset -Long duration -Painless, unless complicated by acute or subacute exacerbations -Not common in adults

The lesions are extremely painful.

The following statements are true regarding peripheral giant cell granuloma EXCEPT: -The lesions are extremely painful. -There are no clinical features to differentiate these lesions from other forms of gingival enlargement. -The lesions are not true neoplasms. -Complete removal leads to uneventful recovery.

C, D, and E

The following zones can be found in a periodontal pocket: A. Cementum covered by calculus, in which all the changes described can be found B. Attached plaque, which covers calculus and extends apically from it to a variable degree, probably 100 to 500 μm C. The zone of unattached plaque that surrounds attached plaque and extends apically to it D. The zone of attachment of the junctional epithelium to the tooth. The extension of this zone, which in normal sulci is more than 500 μm, is usually reduced in periodontal pockets to less than 100 μm. E. zone of semidestroyed connective tissue fibers may be apical to the junctional epithelium. Which zones make up the "plaque free zone"? -A and B -A, B, and C -C -C, D, and E

Gingival inflammatory status

The gingival index (Löe and Silness) provides an assessment of the: -Amount of plaque present -Percentage of sites that bleed on probing -Gingival inflammatory status -Stage of periodontitis

CBCT

The inferior alveolar canal can best be viewed radiographically on: -Panoramic radiograph -Full mouth series -CBCT -Lateral cephalograph

All of the above

The initial manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis include: -Oral mucosal ulceration -Gingival enlargement -Abnormal tooth mobility -Delayed healing response -All of the above

An earlier

The insertion of a probe to the bottom of the pocket elicits bleeding if the gingiva is inflamed and the pocket epithelium is atrophic or ulcerated. Noninflamed sites rarely bleed. In most cases, bleeding on probing is ______ sign of inflammation than gingival color changes. -A later -An earlier -None of the above

Transgingival probing

The most accurate method to determine the height of alveolar bone prior to surgery is: -Periodontal probing -Transgingival probing -Periapical radiographs -Panoramic radiographs

Squamous cell carcinoma

The most common malignant lesion of the gingiva is: -Squamous cell carcinoma -Malignant melanoma -Fibrosarcoma -Metastatic lesion -Kaposi's sarcoma

a deep periodontal probing pocket depth.

The most reliable indicator of a periodontal pocket is: -tooth mobility. -purulent exudate (pus). -a deep periodontal probing pocket depth. -bleeding on probing

0 to 1.6

The radiographic image tends to underestimate the severity of bone loss. The difference between the alveolar crest height and the radiographic appearance ranges from ___ mm to ___ mm, mostly accounted for by x-ray angulation. -0 to 2 -0 to 1.6 -0 to 2.5 -0 to 3

Severity of inflammation

The severity of bleeding on probing and the ease with which it is provoked depend on: -Length of time inflammation has been present in the area -Type of inflammation (acute, chronic, subacute) -Severity of inflammation -Predominant bacterial types in dental plaque -Age of the patient

A narrow, triangular-shaped gingival recession

The term Stillman's clefts has been used to describe a specific type of gingival recession consisting of: -A broad, U-shaped gingival recession -A narrow, triangular-shaped gingival recession -A narrow, U-shaped gingival recession -A broad gingival recession extending beyond the mucogingival loss

Bleeding from the gingival sulcus on gentle probing

The two earliest signs of gingival inflammation preceding established gingivitis are increased gingival crevicular fluid production rate and: -Gingival recession -Suppuration from the gingival sulcus -Bleeding from the gingival sulcus on gentle probing -Spontaneous gingival bleeding

BP1 and BP2

The two main antigenic determinants for mucous membrane pemphigoid are: -c3a and c3b -BP1 and BP2 -DSG1 and DSG2 -Type VII and VIII collagen

Subtracting the sulcus or pocket depth from the total width of the gingiva (gingival margin to mucogingival line)

The width of the attached gingiva is determined by: -Subtracting the sulcus or pocket depth from the total width of the gingiva (gingival margin to mucogingival line) -Measuring from gingival margin to the mucogingival line -Measuring from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the bottom of the pocket -Adding the probing depth to the measurement from the CEJ to the gingival margin

Both true

Traumatic lesions are usually more advanced in buccal-lingual aspects than in mesio-distal aspects. Slight radiographic variations in proximal surfaces may indicate greater changes in buccal and lingual aspects. -Both statements are true. -Both statements are false. -The first statement is true, and the second is false. -The first statement is false, and the second is true.

A, B, and C

Typical accepted descriptions of patterns of bone loss include: -Horizontal -Vertical -Angular -Stepped -All of the above -A, B, and C

routine maintenance and monitoring

What is the best treatment for a patient who is taking phenytoin (Dilantin) but shows no signs of gingival enlargement? -gingivectomy -gingival curettage -routine maintenance and monitoring -laser-assisted new attachment procedure

Grade C

What is your Grade if you smoke more than 10 cigarettes per day? -Grade A -Grade B -Grade C

Periods of exacerbation are initiated by gram negative anaerobic bacteria.

Which is true in regard to the pattern of disease activity? -Deepened pockets and bleeding on probing occur during periods of remission. -Periods of exacerbation are initiated by gram negative anaerobic bacteria. -Gram-negative anaerobic bacterial are prolific during periods of remission. -Periodontal destruction is continuous with all sites being affected equally.

Chronic periodontitis

Which of the following cases require a Stage and Grade? -Gingivitis -Clinical health -Chronic periodontitis

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Which of the following conditions has a classic cutaneous lesion characterized by a rash on the malar area with a "butterfly" distribution? -Lichen planus -Epidermolysis bullosa -Systemic lupus erythematosus -Erythema multiforme

Wegener's granulomatosis

Which of the following conditions has been described as "strawberry gums"? -Graft versus host disease -Foreign body gingivitis -Kindler syndrome -Wegener's granulomatosis

The general clinical features

Which of the following does NOT distinguish pubertal gingival enlargement from uncomplicated chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement? -The degree of enlargement -The general clinical features -The tendency to recur -None of the above

None of the above

Which of the following is not a predisposing factor to NUG? -Smoking -Psychological factors -Diabetes -None of the above

Fenestrations over the roots of teeth

Which of the following is not an oral sign of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis? -Fenestrations over the roots of teeth -Punched-out craterlike depressions at the crest of the interdental papillae -The surface of the gingival craters is covered by a gray, pseudomembranous slough. -All of the above

Spontaneous disappearance occurs within a few months after discontinuation of the drug.

Which statement is true about drug-induced gingival enlargement? -Oral hygiene by means of toothbrushing or chlorhexidine toothpaste prevents overgrowth. -Spontaneous disappearance occurs within a few months after discontinuation of the drug. -Genetic predisposition is not a suspected factor. -When surgically removed, it does not recur.

B and D

Which statements are true regarding gingival enlargement in pregnancy? A. Microscopic findings are pathognomonic and can be used to differentiate pregnant and nonpregnant patients. B. Most gingival disease during pregnancy can be prevented by removal of plaque, removal of calculus, and good oral hygiene. C. Gingival enlargement in pregnancy disappears completely after termination of the pregnancy. D. Complete elimination of the residual inflammatory lesion requires the removal of all local inflammatory factors. -A and B -B and C -B and D -A and D