Personality Disorders EAQ
The nurse explains to a patient with a borderline personality disorder that the patient's former psychiatrist resigned and a new psychiatrist has been hired. Which patient reaction is most likely? 1 - Rage 2 - Silence 3 - Anxiety 4 - Withdrawal
1 - An individual with a borderline personality disorder tends to experience anger or rage when feeling rejected or ignored. Silence, withdrawal, and anxiety are not expected reactions.
The nurse is caring for a patient with antisocial behavior. The patient is aggressive, exploits the group members during any group activities, and lacks sympathy toward others. What appropriate action should the nurse take while caring for the patient? 1 - Note signs of aggression in the patient. 2 - Administer morphine to calm the patient. 3 - Stop involving the patient in group tasks. 4 - Make the patient feel guilty for exploiting others during group activities.
1 - Patients with antisocial behavior are aggressive and seductive. They exploit others and lack sympathy. The nurse should note signs of aggression that can help to assess the patient and provide appropriate treatment. The nurse should involve the patient in tasks and set limits to promote good behavior. The nurse should not make the patient feel guilty but try to explain that the patient's behavior is unacceptable. Morphine is a narcotic drug and substance abuse often enhances antisocial behavior in patients. The nurse may administer benzodiazepines to reduce aggression in the patient.
A patient arrested for an assault in which the patient savagely beat a classmate states, "The guy deserved everything he got." The behaviors described are most consistent with the clinical picture of which disorder? 1 - Antisocial personality disorder 2 - Borderline personality disorder 3 - Narcissistic personality disorder 4 - Schizotypal personality disorder
1 - Patients with antisocial personality act out feelings without consideration for the rights of others. They feel no remorse for their antisocial acts. Such lack of remorse for what is considered heartless behavior is not associated with borderline, schizotypal, or narcissistic personality disorders.
Which characteristic demonstrated by a patient diagnosed with a personality disorder will result most likely in an admission to a psychiatric unit? 1 - Borderline personality disorder and reporting stress. 2 - Dependent personality disorder and clings to spouse. 3 - Narcissistic personality disorder and is highly self-important. 4 - Paranoid personality disorder and is suspicious of neighbors.
1 - Patients with borderline disorder can decompensate into psychotic states under stress. Hospitalization is needed at these times. Neither paranoia, narcissism, nor dependent personality traits are reasons for hospitalization.
Which statement is descriptive of patients with a personality disorder? 1 - They are resistant to behavioral change. 2 - They have an ability to tolerate frustration and pain. 3 - They usually seek help to change maladaptive behaviors. 4 - They have little difficulty forming satisfying and intimate relationships.
1 - Personality disorders are deeply ingrained and pervasive. Patients with personality disorders find it very difficult, if not nearly impossible, to change and are not open to changing their behavior. They have difficulty establishing and maintaining intimate relationships that are satisfying. This disorder makes a patient easily frustrated and intolerant of pain.
A patient was admitted to the psychiatric inpatient unit because of manipulative and aggressive behavior. What appropriate strategy does the nurse follow while interacting with the patient? 1 - The nurse asks questions to explore the patient's situation. 2 - The nurse maintains a judgmental attitude toward the patient. 3 - The nurse avoids explaining the present situation of the patient. 4 - The nurse uses closed-ended statements while interacting with the patient.
1 - The nurse should try to explore the patient's feelings by asking questions about the situation. It helps to assess the patient's condition and to prepare an effective treatment plan. The nurse should also maintain a nonjudgmental attitude. Being judgmental and giving opinions can annoy the patient. The patient must be given an explanation of his or her present condition because it helps to reorient the patient to reality. Making closed-ended statements hinders communication.
The nurse is teaching the family of a patient with a personality disorder that psychological problems often are due to a disruption in the normal separation-individuation of the child from the mother. Identify the correct order of the different stages of this process as described by Margaret Mahler and her colleagues. A - Rapprochement B - Normal Autism C - Symbiosis D - Practicing E - Object constancy F - Differentiation
1 - Normal autism 2 - Symbiosis 3 - Differentiation 4 - Practicing 5 - Rapprochement 6 - Object constancy - In the normal autism stage, which lasts from birth to 1 month, the infant spends most of his or her time sleeping. Between 1 and 5 months, the infant is in the symbiosis stage and perceives the mother-infant as a single entity. When the infant is 5 to 10 months old, he or she starts differentiating between self and mother and the infant's attention is drawn toward the outer world. At 11 to 18 months, the toddler starts learning to walk and explore, and there is a great increase in the toddler's sense of separateness. In the rapprochement stage, which is from 18 to 24 months, the toddler moves away from the mother and comes back again; there are alternating periods of helplessness and independence. At 2 to 5 years, the individuation process is complete with object constancy, where the child understands that the mother is permanent even when she is not in the presence of the child.
Which patient statement supports the diagnosis of histrionic personality disorder? (SATA) 1 - "I like being the center of attention." 2 - "My husband left because he said I flirt way too much." 3 - "I'm here because I got so depressed after my last divorce." 4 - "I try really hard but I can never seem to please my husband." 5 - "I think I'd feel better if I could just cry and let him know how I feel."
1, 2, 3 - Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by emotional attention-seeking behaviors including self-centeredness, low frustration tolerance, and excessive emotionality. The person with histrionic personality disorder often is impulsive and melodramatic and may act flirtatious or provocative. Relationships do not last, because the partner often feels smothered or reacts to the insensitivity of the histrionic person. The individual with histrionic personality disorder does not have insight into his or her role in breaking up relationships and may seek treatment for depression or other comorbid condition.
Which assessment question focuses on the characteristic behaviors of a patient diagnosed with borderline personality disorder? (SATA) 1 - Have you ever attempted suicide? 2 - Have you ever been told you are sarcastic? 3 - Over a few hours can your mood shift dramatically? 4 - Do you experience visual or auditory hallucinations? 5 - How would you describe your romantic relationships?
1, 2, 3, 5 - Areas of assessment related to borderline personality disorder typically include history of mood shifts, tendencies toward sarcasm and anger, as well as intense, unstable romantic relationships and suicidal behaviors. Hallucinations are not characteristic of this disorder.
Which behavior would be consistent with defining characteristics for the nursing diagnosis of ineffective coping? (SATA) 1 - Manipulation 2 - Aggressiveness 3 - Interdependence 4 - High levels of anxiety 5 - Difficulty in relationships
1, 2, 4, 5 - The characteristics for the diagnosis of ineffective coping include crisis; high levels of anxiety, anger, and aggression; child, elder, or spouse abuse; and difficulty in relationships and manipulation. Interdependence would not be considered a symptom for ineffective coping.
Which personality disorders are categorized as cluster C? (SATA) 1 - Avoidant 2 - Paranoid 3 - Antisocial 4 - Dependent 5 - Obsessive-compulsive
1, 4, 5 - Avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive disorders are cluster C personality disorders. Paranoid personality disorder is in cluster A. Antisocial personality disorder is in cluster B.
Which patient statement supports the diagnosis of dependent personality disorder? (SATA) 1 - "It's hard but I pay for the rent, all the utilities, and all the food." 2 - "It's been so hard with my husband away so much for his work." 3 - "I've lived alone before but moved back home when my mom died." 4 - "My mother didn't like it so I never spent the night at a friend's house." 5 - "I was sick a lot as a child and so my family was always there for me."
1, 4, 5 - Persons with dependent personality disorder have a high need to be taken care of, which can lead to patterns of submissiveness with fears of separation and abandonment by others. This may create problems for the person by leaving them more vulnerable to exploitation by others because of their passive and submissive nature. Persons with dependent personality disorder are thought to have early and profound learning experiences during childhood in which disordered attachment and dependency develop on the caretaker. Dependent personality disorder may be the result of chronic physical illness or punishment of independent behavior in childhood. Moving back to the family home and expressing how difficult separation has been are not statements that are supportive of a dependent personality disorder.
Which is the best treatment method for the patient who speaks of several failed relationships and appears arrogant and lacks empathy for others? 1. Psychotherapy 2. Cognitive-behavioral therapy 3. Administration of citalopram 4. Administration of venlafaxine
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A nurse manages care for an individual diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder. Select the appropriate outcome for this patient. The patient will 1 - Refrain from aggressive behavior toward others within 5 days 2 - Demonstrate use of assertive communication within 3 months 3 - Establish an intimate relationship with another adult within 2 weeks 4 - Make a permanent commitment never to self-mutilate within 1 week
2 - A person diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder is excessively anxious in social situations and hypersensitive to negative evaluation but desires social interaction. Assertiveness training is intended to assist this person in self-expression. Outcome achievement for any of the personality disorders is slow because personality is a deeply ingrained characteristic. It is likely to take months or years to achieve desired outcomes. Persons diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder seldom self-mutilate or demonstrate aggression toward others.
Which statement made by a patient illustrates a primary coping style of persons with borderline personality disorder (BPD)? 1 - "My health care provider says I might get out of here tomorrow. Do you think I'm ready to go?" 2 - "Last night the nurse let me go outside and smoke. I can't believe you aren't letting me. I used to think you were the best nurse here." 3 - "I will never again speak to any of my messed up family members. I know that this will help me be more functional." 4 - "I promise I am not feeling suicidal. I won't hurt myself."
2 - A primary coping style used by patients with BPD is called splitting. Splitting is the inability to incorporate positive and negative aspects of oneself or others into a whole image. The individual may tend to idealize another person (friend, lover, health care professional) at the start of a new relationship and hope that this person will meet all of his or her needs. At the first disappointment or frustration, however, the individual quickly shifts to devaluation, despising the other person. The statements "My health care provider says I might get out of here tomorrow. Do you think I'm ready to go?", "I will never again speak to any of my messed up family members. I know that this will help me be more functional," and "I promise I am not feeling suicidal. I won't hurt myself" do not describe splitting, which is a primary coping style of patients with BPD.
What effect does group therapy have on the patient with schizotypal personality disorder? 1 - The patient may fear rejection from others. 2 - It will allow opportunity to interact with others. 3 - Group therapy may assist the patient in learning empathy. 4 - It may be useful in processing anxiety-provoking symptoms.
2 - Group therapy may be beneficial to the patient diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder because it will allow the opportunity to interact with others. Group members may become important to this patient and may be his or her only form of socialization. Neither approval nor rejection has much effect on the patient with schizotypal personality disorder. Group therapy may assist a patient with a narcissistic personality disorder in learning empathy. For the patient with an avoidant personality disorder, group therapy may be useful in processing anxiety-provoking symptoms.
Which behaviors are demonstrated characteristically by a patient diagnosed with narcissism? 1 - Perfectionism and preoccupation with detail 2 - Grandiose, exploitive, and rage-filled behavior 3 - Angry, highly suspicious, aloof, and withdrawn behavior 4 - A dramatic expression of emotion, while easily being led
2 - Narcissistic patients give the impression of being invulnerable and superior to others to protect their fragile self-esteem. A dramatic expression of emotion while easily being led, perfectionism and preoccupation with detail, and angry, highly suspicious, aloof, and withdrawn behavior are not generally associated with narcissism.
A nurse observes that a patient with osteoarthritis behaves rudely to the staff and refuses to take treatment. On inquiry, the nurse learns that the patient thinks that all staff members are planning to harm and deceive him or her. What is the patient likely to be suffering from? 1 - Schizoid personality disorder 2 - Paranoid personality disorder 3 - Narcissistic personality disorder 4 - Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
2 - Patients with paranoid personality disorder are suspicious and believe that others want to exploit, harm, and deceive them. They develop a defense system and try to counterattack the other person, and reject the treatment. They behave rudely and develop jealousy toward others. Patients with schizoid personality disorder have reduced emotional attachment and depression. Patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder have repetitive behavior. They remain preoccupied with minute details. In narcissistic personality disorder, patients are extremely worried about their prestige. They feel intense shame and fear of abandonment by others.
A newly admitted patient diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) tells the nurse, "I need to wash my hands for 10 minutes before I can come to breakfast." What is the nurse's most therapeutic response? 1 - "You can wash your hands for nine minutes." 2 - "OK, your breakfast will be in the dining area when you are done." 3 - "We are going to start decreasing the amount of time you can wash your hands." 4 - "Can you tell me why you feel you need to wash your hands for 10 minutes?"
2 - The most therapeutic response to the newly admitted patient diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder is "OK, your breakfast will be in the dining area when you are done." While structure should be provided, the nurse should allow the patient the extra time to complete the habitual behavior. The patient with OCD is aware that the action is unreasonable but is unable to stop. Decreasing the time to nine minutes is unlikely to be beneficial in this situation. Asking the patient, "Can you tell me why you feel you need to wash your hands for 10 minutes," may interfere with establishing a therapeutic relationship. Decreasing the amount of time a patient can carry out a ritual can occur when coping techniques have been identified and can be utilized to decrease the anxiety and stress of slowly altering the ritual or behavior.
The nurse tells a patient diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, "A new case manager has been assigned to work with you." Which initial reaction is most likely for this patient? 1 - Guilt 2 - Anger 3 - Silence 4 - Withdrawal
2 - This scenario is likely to cause the patient to feel rejected. Patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder show separation anxiety and emotional lability (rapidly moving from one emotional extreme to another). Typically, these emotional shifts include responding to situations with emotions that are out of proportion to the circumstances, pathologic fear of separation, and intense sensitivity to perceived personal rejection. Withdrawal and guilt are reactions more likely from a person diagnosed with dependent personality disorder. This patient could be expected to react rather than being silent.
A patient is very sensitive to criticism, lacks empathy toward others, and remains neutral. Which treatment strategy does the primary health care provider instruct the nurse to include in the patient's treatment plan? (SATA) 1 - "Administer naloxone to the patient." 2 - "Give psychotherapy to the patient." 3 - "Teach socialization techniques in a group." 4 - "Administer lithium carbonate to the patient." 5 - "Teach socialization techniques individually."
2, 3, 4 - The patient with narcissism is very sensitive to rejection and criticism. The patient does not have empathy toward others and remains neutral. Lithium carbonate can be administered to the patient to treat mood swings. Socialization techniques must be taught to the patient in a group. Group therapy helps in increasing empathy in the patient. Psychotherapy must be given to the patient when the patient acknowledges the condition of narcissism. Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist, so it should not be administered to the patient. It can cause substance abuse in the patient. Teaching the patient individually will not improve empathy and social skills in the patient.
Which statement by the nurse demonstrates communication specifically appropriate for a patient diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder? (SATA) 1 - "You don't have to go to the unit party if it will make you anxious." 2 - "Referring to the staff in a sexual manner is not acceptable behavior." 3 - "I don't accept responsibility for you losing privileges for arguing with staff. " 4 - "No, I don't think the rules are the problem, but you need to follow the rules." 5 - "Remember you promised to tell me if you begin to think about hurting yourself."
2, 3, 4 - Those individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder can be manipulative and exploitative of others as well as being seductive. Staff must prevent the patient from instilling unwarranted guilt on others for their actions or behaviors. Social anxiety is associated with avoidance disorder, whereas self-harm is associated with borderline personality disorder.
What are the personality traits associated with borderline personality disorder? (SATA) 1 - Shyness 2 - Impulsivity 3 - Disinhibition 4 - Hypersensitivity 5 - Aggressive disregard 6 - Emotional dysregulation
2, 4, 6 - Borderline personality disorder is highly associated with impulsivity, hypersensitivity, and emotional dysregulation. People with this disorder act quickly and impulsively in response to their emotions, without considering the consequences. Because of their hypersensitive trait, they exhibit separation anxiety. The emotional dysregulation trait is indicated by frequent mood swings. The genetic trait of shyness predisposes people to schizoid personality disorder. People with the disinhibition trait show a lack of concern for the consequences of their actions. They are predisposed to antisocial personality disorder. People with an aggressive disregard trait who exhibit violent tendencies with no concern for others often have an antisocial personality disorder.
What medication order does the nurse anticipate for a patient diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder displaying aggressive behavior? 1 - Fluoxetine 2 - Clonazepam 3 - Valproic acid 4 - Methylphenidate
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A community mental health nurse works with an adult patient diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. The patient says to the nurse, "I'm under so much stress, I feel like cutting my throat." What should the nurse do first? 1 - Extinguish the behavior by ignoring it. 2 - Immediately notify the health care provider. 3 - Talk with the patient about the feelings of stress. 4 - Initiate the process for involuntary hospitalization of the patient.
3 - Patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder are impulsive, with significant risks for suicide and self-mutilation. Discussing the dynamics of feelings and stress help the patient feel understood and is a positive action. The nurse as a therapeutic agent should respond and interact with the patient, but it is important to inform the treatment team (including the health care provider) afterward. If the nurse fails to respond, the patient may follow through with a suicide attempt. Involuntary hospitalization is not indicated at this point.
The nurse is preparing to manage the care of a patient diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder. The nurse demonstrates an understanding of therapeutic interventions that focus on the characteristics of such disorders when making which statement to the patient? 1 - "You must feel threatened when staff is involved with the problems of the other patients." 2 - "When you feel the triggers of your agitation starting, come to me so I can help you de-escalate." 3 - "When you want my attention, please explain that to me rather than resorting to manipulative behavior." 4 - "We are here to keep you safe, so I will ask you several times a day whether you feel the need to harm yourself."
3 - Patients with borderline personality disorder are often manipulative. Providing them with an alternative behavior is therapeutic. To be threatened when the needs of others interfere with meeting one's own needs is characteristic of narcissism. The statement about triggers of agitation is directed at aggressive disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder. The statement regarding asking the patient whether he or she feels the need to harm him- or herself is directed toward depression and suicidal ideations.
When assessing a patient for personality disorders, the nurse notices that a patient behaves in a melodramatic way and acts flirtatiously. What personality disorder is the nurse most likely to suspect in the patient? 1 - Schizoid personality disorder 2 - Paranoid personality disorder 3 - Histrionic personality disorder 4 - Narcissistic personality disorder
3 - People with histrionic personality disorder have emotional attention-seeking behaviors. They are often melodramatic and act flirtatiously. People with paranoid personality disorder are extremely suspicious and often believe others will harm them. People with schizoid personality disorder exhibit emotional detachment and are viewed as loners. People with narcissistic personality disorder are arrogant and need constant admiration.
Which statement about persons diagnosed with personality disorders is accurate? 1 - Patients readily recognize their problems and seek professional assistance. 2 - Extended hospitalization is the best intervention and commonly needed for stabilization. 3 - Characteristics of these disorders are most evident in social and interpersonal interactions. 4 - Research has produced multiple medications that effectively manage symptoms of personality disorders.
3 - The presence of a personality disorder interferes with, or complicates, social and interpersonal function. Individuals who meet criteria for these disorders have problems with empathy or intimacy within their relationships. Persons diagnosed with personality disorders tend not to perceive themselves as having a problem but instead believe their problems are caused by how others behave toward them. Although short-term hospitalization may sometimes be necessary when acute problems occur, extended hospitalizations tend to be counterproductive for this population. In the United States, there are no Federal Drug Administration-approved medications specifically for treating personality disorders; however, some health care providers prescribe selected psychotropic medications for off-label use.
A patient diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder with impaired social interaction and defensive coping receives psychotherapy treatment. Which response of the patient indicates to the nurse the treatment has been effective? 1 - The patient ridicules a manic patient in the psychiatric unit. 2 - The patient requests the nurse excuse him or her from a particular task. 3 - The patient plays a leading role in a group activity assigned by the nurse. 4 - The patient declares the government to be responsible for his or her condition.
3 -A patient with antisocial personality disorder shows impaired social interaction and defensive coping. A patient who plays a leading role in a group activity indicates improvement of the symptoms, which may be the result of effective treatment. This is because the patient cooperates with others and interacts well. Psychotherapy aims to help patients take responsibility for their own actions in order to improve their conditions. The patient declaring the government to be responsible does not indicate effective treatment. A request to be excused from a therapy task doesn't indicate progress or effective treatment. Psychotherapy aims to make the patient interact with others and develop sensitivity toward others. Ridiculing another patient shows that the patient with antisocial personality disorder is not sensitive and does show empathy for others.
Which statement regarding personality disorders is true? (SATA) 1 - Symptoms are reversible if treatment is implemented early. 2 - These disorders tend to produce overprotective behaviors in those affected. 3 - Self-identity and self-direction are concepts that are fundamental to this group of disorders. 4 - A cultural assessment and discussion about expected behaviors is vital to identifying these disorders. 5 - Individuals experiencing these disorders demonstrate behaviors that make relationship building difficult.
3, 4, 5 - Personality disorders are among the most challenging and complex group of disorders to treat. Individuals who meet criteria for these disorders display significant challenges in self-identity or self-direction, and they have problems with empathy or intimacy within their relationships. Judgments about an individual's personality functioning must take into account the person's ethnic, cultural, and social background. Patients who differ from the majority culture or the culture of the health care provider may be at risk for overdiagnosis of a personality disorder; therefore, it is important to obtain additional information from others knowledgeable of the particular cultural or ethnic norms before determining the presence of a personality disorder. Overprotectiveness and the possibility of reversal of symptoms are not correct statements.
A patient diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder becomes frustrated and angry when unable to get connected to the internet. The patient then curses loudly, disrupting, frightening, and disturbing others. Which nursing actions are therapeutic? (SATA) 1 - Seclude the patient for 1 hour to allow for deescalation. 2 - Say to the patient, "Step aside and I will get you connected to the internet." 3 - Ask the patient, "How were you feeling when you were having this difficulty?" 4 - Encourage the patient to recognize signs of mounting tension and seek assistance. 5 - Tell the patient, "Further outbursts will result in suspension of your computer privileges."
3, 4, 5 - Therapeutic responses by the nurse include exploring the situation, encouraging description, setting limits on and expectations of the patient's behavior, suggesting other means of coping, and identifying results of inappropriate behavior. The nurse should assist the patient to identify the source of anger as well as the function that anger, frustration, and rage serve. It is inappropriate to seclude this patient because criteria for seclusion are not met. This scenario provides an opportunity for a therapeutic encounter, so the nurse should process it with the patient rather than completing the task for the patient.
Which statements are true of antisocial personality disorder (APD)? (SATA) 1 - Persons with APD display magical thinking. 2 - It is the least studied of the personality disorders. 3 - Frontal lobe dysfunction is a brain change identified in APD. 4 - Persons with APD are concerned with personal pleasure and power. 5 - It is characterized by rigidity and inflexible standards of self and others. 6 - It is characterized by deceitfulness, disregard for others, and manipulation. 7 - Persons with APD usually present for treatment because of awareness of how their behavior is affecting others.
3, 4, 6 - APD is the most studied and researched personality disorder with characteristics that include personal pleasure-seeking and deceitful disregard for others that is associated with a frontal lobe dysfunction. Rigidity and inflexible standards describes obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Magical thinking describes schizotypal personality disorder. People with APD usually present with depression or because of the consequences of their behaviors, not because they care about the effects of their actions on others.
Which is true of pharmacologic therapies for treatment of personality disorders? 1 - Research has shown that currently available psychotropic drugs have not been shown to be effective in treating personality disorders. 2 - Patients with personality disorders have been shown to be resistant to accepting medication, and as a result most providers do not prescribe psychotropic drugs to these patients. 3 - Patients with narcissistic personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder have shown the most benefit from the use of antianxiety medications along with use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. 4 - Although there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs specific to the treatment of personality disorders, patients benefit from specific off-label uses of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants, depending on which personality disorder is evident.
4 - At this time in the United States, there are no FDA-approved medications for treating personality disorders. Prescribers are using the medications "off- label" until evidence-based pharmacotherapies are proven to be safe and effective. There is evidence that mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and atypical antipsychotics are helpful in specific personality disorders. Pharmacologic evidence is lacking for the treatment of persons with narcissistic and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Although patients with personality disorders usually do not like taking medicine unless it calms them down and are fearful about taking something over which they have no control, providers do attempt to mediate symptoms with psychotropic agents for improved quality of life.
What type of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder aims at reducing the person's destructive behavior? 1 - Aftercare therapy 2 - Inpatient treatment 3 - Outpatient skills group 4 - Intensive outpatient treatment
4 - During the intensive outpatient treatment phase of DBT, the aim is to reduce the patient's destructive behaviors, such as property damage. During inpatient treatment, the goal is primarily to reduce the risk of suicide. DBT provided in the outpatient skills group aims at helping the patient stabilize, acquire skills for behavioral function, and become more functional. Aftercare therapy helps the person improve quality of life skills and reinforces adaptive behaviors.
How is the behavior of a cluster B personality disorder described? 1 - Odd or eccentric 2 - Anxious or fearful 3 - Aggressive or destructive 4 - Dramatic, emotional, or erratic
4 - The behavior of a cluster B personality disorder is described as dramatic, emotional, or erratic. The behaviors in a cluster A personality disorder are described as odd or eccentric. Anxious or fearful behavior is descriptive of a cluster C personality disorder. Aggressive or destructive behaviors are not descriptive of any cluster of personality disorders.
A nurse is caring for a patient with antisocial personality disorder. What appropriate interventions should the nurse take to control aggressive behavior of the patient? 1 - Avoid restraining the patient. 2 - Leave the patient alone when tense. 3 - Expose the patient daily to frustrating stimuli. 4 - Instruct the patient to make a model from clay.
4 - The nurse should encourage the patient to do activities like clay modeling and journal-writing. It helps in diverting the anger and tension of the patient. The patient should not be left alone. The nurse should monitor the patient to avoid physical harm to the patient. The nurse should try to reduce the exposure of the patient to frustrating stimuli. Repeated exposure to the stimuli can make the patient aggressive and increases the risk of physical harm. The patient should be restrained only when there is a threat to the safety of the patient or others.
