Pharm Diuretics

A patient with congestive heart failure gains 5 pounds in 1 week. This most likely indicates a fluid weight gain of

A.2 L.

Which statement will the nurse include when teaching a patient about loop diuretics?

A.Rise slowly from a lying or sitting to standing position to prevent dizziness.

Match the type of diuretic with its mechanism of action.

Block sodium and water reabsorption in the distal tubule Potassium-sparing diuretics Block sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle Loop diuretics Block sodium-potassium exchange in the collecting tubules Thiazide diuretics

The nurse is reviewing the medications for a patient who has just been prescribed a thiazide diuretic. Which medication history requires nursing intervention?

Digoxin Thiazide and loop diuretics cause hypokalemia, which enhances the action of digoxin. If digoxin is taken with thiazide and loop diuretics, this can result in digoxin toxicity.

A patient recently prescribed a diuretic states, "I have heart failure and hypertension; I think I need a medication for each." Which nursing response is appropriate?

"Diuretics can be used to treat both heart failure and hypertension." Diuretics are approved for use in the treatment of both hypertension and heart failure.

A patient who began taking furosemide 24 hours ago reports increased frequency of urination. Which nursing response is appropriate?

"Frequency of urination will decrease 6 to 8 hours after you take this medication. You should take it in the morning." Scheduling diuretic medication during the daytime promotes sleep at night by preventing nocturia.

Which patient statement demonstrates understanding of nursing education regarding the use of furosemide?

"I will weigh myself daily on the same scale." The patient should keep a log of daily weights and report any significant change in weight to the health care provider.

The nurse is caring for a patient who asks, "Is it safe for me to take spironolactone while I am pregnant?" Which nursing response is appropriate?

"No. This medication is not recommended in pregnancy. Are you currently pregnant?" This medication is not recommended for use in pregnancy. The nurse will need to follow up with the health care provider for an alternative that is safe for use if the patient is pregnant.

When teaching Ms. Adams regarding loop diuretics, what will the nurse recommend regarding administration?

"Take your diuretic at 8 a.m." Taking the diuretic in the morning will help Ms. Adams with her fear of bedwetting. The effects will be decreased by bedtime, making nocturia less likely.

Within which time frame would the nurse anticipate diuresis following the administration of oral furosemide?

60 minutes The onset of action of oral furosemide is within 60 minutes

The nurse is teaching Ms. Adams about loop diuretics. Which teaching will the nurse include?

A loop diuretic will increase urinary frequency. A loop diuretic will, indeed, increase urine volume and urinary frequency. That is how the medicine works to reduce edema and to decrease blood pressure.

A patient with chronic glaucoma is most likely to receive which drug?

A.A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

A patient is receiving furosemide. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the patient for the development of

A.hypokalemia.

Which statement about aldosterone does the nurse identify as being true? Aldosterone

A.is a mineralocorticoid hormone.

A patient is taking furosemide 40 mg daily for heart failure and hypertension. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for the development of

A.low serum potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium.

potassium-sparing diuretics should not be taken with what?

ACE inhibitors or ARBs due to hyperkalemia

The nurse is caring for a patient who is hypotensive after receiving a dose of furosemide. Which action of furosemide can cause hypotension?

Decreased blood volume and cardiac output Loss of water and sodium reduces blood volume, which also reduces cardiac output.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has heart failure and has developed bilateral crackles in the lungs. Based on onset of action, which diuretic would the nurse anticipate to be prescribed to quickly decrease the fluid?

Furosemide Furosemide is a loop diuretic that produces rapid diuresis with onset in 5 minutes with intravenous administration.

A patient taking a thiazide diuretic has been admitted to the hospital. Which laboratory finding will the nurse associate with thiazide diuretics?

Hyperuricemia Hyperuricemia is excess uric acid in the bloodstream and is a side effect of thiazide diuretics.

Match the class of diuretic with the drug most commonly prescribed from that class.

Potassium-sparing diuretic Spironolactone Loop diuretic Furosemide Thiazide diuretic Hydrochlorothiazide

The nurse is teaching a patient how thiazide diuretics reduce blood pressure. Which teaching will the nurse include?

Thiazide diuretics act directly on the smallest blood vessels, which causes vasodilation and lowers blood pressure. Thiazide diuretics act directly on the arterioles (small vessels) causing vasodilation, which lowers blood pressure.

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with increased intracranial pressure. The nurse would anticipate administering

mannitol.

Before administering triamterene, it is most important for the nurse to determine if the patient is also receiving

potassium chloride

The nurse is teaching a patient about side effects of spironolactone. Which patient statement indicates that the teaching has been effective?

"I will do my gardening in the evening after the sun has gone down." Photosensitivity is a side effect of potassium-sparing diuretics, including spironolactone. The patient should avoid direct sunlight when taking spironolactone.