Pharm Exam 3 Practice questions

What is the priority nursing intervention for a client receiving an antiemetic? A) Monitor intake and output. B) Keep items far away from the bed. C) Give the client privacy by letting him walking around the room. D) Place on side lying position with altered LOC to prevent aspiraiton

D) also antiemetics can cause drowsiness

A client is prescribed with Omeprazole (Prilosec). The nurse determines that the client is receiving its therapeutic effect if which of the following is stated by the client: A) Relief of nausea and vomiting. B) Decrease diarrheal episodes. C) The absence of constipation. D) Relief from GERD

D) also used to promote healing of erosive esophagus

The nurse, caring for a client receiving neuroleptic substances, reads in the medication record that other health care providers have noted symptoms of tardive dyskinesia. Which of the following descriptions best characterizes tardive dyskinesia?

d. oro-facial movements such as tongue protrusion and lip smacking

The client diagnosed with a major depressive disorder asks the nurse, " Why did my psychiatrist prescribe fluoxetine (Prozac) rather than other types of antidepressants?" Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?

fewer adverse effects

Patient receiving interferon alpha therapy should be taught the importance of

frequent rest periods

The client receiving cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) should be monitored for

hematuria

A client, who is given a medication to aid with insomnia, reports feeling "wide awake and nervous" 45 minutes later. The nurse should instruct the client to:

stop taking and call provider

Anticholinergic drugs, such as atropine, produce which one of the following genitourinary side effects?

urinary retention

The nurse is assisting the older adult diagnosed with a gastric ulcer to schedule her medication administration. What would be the most appropriate time for this client to take her lansoprazole (Prevacid)? 1) About 30 minutes before her morning meal 2) At night before bed 3) After fasting at least 2 hours 4) 30 minutes after each meal

1

The nurse has administered prochlorperazine (Comparazine) to a client for postoperative nausea. Before administering this medication, it is essential that the nurse check which of the following? 1) Pain level 2) Blood pressure 3) Breath sounds 4) Temperature

2

The nurse is preparing to administer chemotherapy to an oncology client who also has an order for ondansetron (Zofran). When should the nurse administer the ondanestron? 1) Every time the client complains of nausea 2) 30-60 minutes before starting chemotherapy 3) Only if the client complains of nausea 4) When the client begins to experience vomiting during the chemotherapy

2. 30-60 minutes before starting chemotherapy

A client with severe diarrhea has an order for diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil). When assessing for therapeutic effects, which of the following will the nurse expect to find? 1) Increased bowel sounds 2) Decreased belching and flatus 3) Decrease in loose, watery stools 4) Decreased abdominal cramping

3

A female client reports using OTC aluminum hydroxide (AlternaGEL) for relief of gastric upset. She is on renal dialysis three times a week. What should the nurse teach the client? 1) Continue using the antacids but if she needs to continue beyond a few months, she should consult the health care provider about different therapies 2) Take the antacid no longer than for two weeks; if it has not worked by then, it will not be effective 3) Consult with the health care provider about the appropriate amount and type of antacid 4) Continue to take the antacid; it is OTC and safe

3

In taking a new client's history, the nurse notices that he has been taking omeprazole (Prilosec) consistently over the past 6 months for treatment of epigastric pain. Which recommendation would be the best for the nurse to give the client? 1) Try switching to a different form of the drug 2) Try a drug like cimetidine (Tagmet)or famotidine (Pepcid) 3) Try taking the drug after meals instead of before meals 4) Check with his health care provider about his continued discomfort

4

The nurse is caring for a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and would question an order for which of the following? 1) Amoxicillin (Amoxil) 2) Ranitidine (Zantac) 3) Pantoprazole (Protonix) 4) Calcium carbonate (Tums)

4. Calcium carbonate (Tums)

A client has been prescribed with Sucralfate (Carafate) for the treatment of gastric ulcer. The nurse instruct the client that this medication is taken? A) 1 hour before meals. B) 1 hour after meals. C) At the same time with an antacid. D) Lunch time.

A

A client with a history of duodenal ulcer is taking calcium carbonate chewable tablets. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing optimal effects of the medication if: A. Heart burn is relieved B. Muscle twitching stops C. Serum calcium levels rise D. Serum phosphrous levels decrease

A

A physician has written an order for ranitidine (Zantac) once daily. The nurse schedules the medications for which of the following times? A. At bed time B. After lunch C. With supper D. Before breakfast

A

Your client is dx with end stage liver failure and receiving lactulose/granulote. which lab test tells you it is effective? A. serum ammonia B. BUN C. sodium D. serum Creatinine

A

the nurse administers antidiarrheal drugs... a. after each loose bowel movement b. hourly until diarrhea ceases c. with food d. BID, in the AM and at bedtime

A

A client has been given Ondansetron (Zofran). For which condition should the nurse administer this medication to the postoperative patient? A) Vomiting. B) Incisional pain. C) Abdominal infection. D) Hypertension

A) bc Ondansetron is used to prevent vomiting that may be caused by surgery or medicine to treat cancer (chemo or radiation)

A geriatric patient is prescribed with Cimetidine (Tagamet) for the treatment of heartburn. Which of the following is the most frequent CNS side effect? A) Agitiaiton B) Drowsiness C) Headache D) Constipation

A).

The physician prescribes docusate sodium (Colace) fo the client. The client asks the nurse to explain why the medication is needed. Which explanation given by the nurse correctly states the purpose of medication? A. To ease bowel evacuation and its related discomfort B. To irriatate the bowel and promote stool elimination C. To stimulate peristalsis to remove wastes after the digestion D. To reduce intestinal activity and decrease stool size

A. To ease bowel evacuation and its related discomfort Rationale: Docusate sodium (Colace) is a stool softner, retaining water in the stool, softens the mass and makes stool easier and less painful to pass.

A physician prescribes bisacodyl (Dulcolax) for a client in preparation for a diagnostic test and wants the client to achieve a rapid effect from the medication. The nurse then tells the client to take the medication: A. With a large meal B. On an empty stomach C. At bedtime with a snack D. With two glasses of juice

B bc it is a stool softener

Before administering amantadine (Symadine), the nurse should investigate which of the following client statements? A) "My hands are always shaking." B) "I had to take Dilantin 6 months ago." C) "I take low-dose enteric aspirin each day." D) "Simple tasks seem to take so long to perform."

B bc of seizures

A client with a duodenal ulcer is diagnosed with H. pylori infection. The physician prescribed Amoxicillin (Wymox), Pantoprazole (Prevacid), and Clarithromycin (Biaxin). Which statement made by the nurse correctly explains the purpose of these medications? A) "These medicines will minimize acid production and will coat the ulcer". B) "These medicines will stop the acid production and will kill the bacteria" C) "The ulcer will heal because the medications will kill the bacteria". D) "These medicines will control the ulcer and motion sickness"

B bc to treat H. pylori you need 2 antibiotics and one proton pump

A client has been given Loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). Which of the following situation is the medication indicated to? A) Abdominal pain. B) Patients with an ileostomy. C) Bloody Diarrhea. D) Chemotherapy Patient

B) bc Loperamide is an antidiarrheal and is used to reduce the drainage in an ileostomy

A client is relying on OTC laxatives for regular elimination. Which of the following pieces of information is most important for the nurse to provide to the client? A. daily bowel movements are not necessary for good intestinal health B. Excessive laxative use may cause decreased sodium levels C. Chronic use of laxatives can lead to dependency of elimination D. The client should increase intake of high-fiber diet

B. Excessive laxative use may cause decreased sodium levels Rationale: Excessive laxative use causes G.I. system to become dependent on external methods to achieve elimination - Laxative dependence weakens peristalsis and musculature of colon

A nurse is giving medicine instructions to a client with hemorrhoids who is receiving a Mineral oil. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates a further teaching? A) "I can take it at least 2 hours before bedtime". B) "It can interfere with the absorption of the vitamin E that I am taking". C) "If I miss a dose of mineral oil liquid, I'll take it as soon as I remember". D) "I can use mineral oil liquid for an extended period to prevent further damage".

D) Mineral oil is a lubricant laxative that works by slowing the absorption of water from the bowel, which softens the stool. The use of mineral oil liquid for a long time may result in loss of normal bowel function.

A client has a PRN order for loperamide (Imodium). The nurse should plan to administer this medication if the client has: A. constipation B. abdominal pain C. episode of diarrhea D. Anxiety

C

A nurse teaches a client taking metoclopramide (Reglan) to discontinue the medication immediately and call the physician if which side effect occurs with long- term use? A. Excessive excitability B. Anxiety or irritability C. Uncontrolled rhythmic movements of the face or limbs D. Dry mouth not helped by the use of sugar-free hard candy C. Uncontrolled rhythmic movements of the face or limbs

C

Which of the following condition can you safely administer Metoclopramide (Reglan)?A) Patient with bowel obstruction. B) Patient with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. C) Patient undergoing radiation. D) Patients with pheochromocytoma

C

An osmotic laxative will be prescribed for a client. The nurse understands that which medications are osmotic laxative? Select all that apply A) Mecilizine (Antivert) B) Mineral Oil. C) Polyethylene glycol D) Sodium biphosphate (Fleet enema). E) Bisacodyl (Dulcolax).

C and D

A nurse is administering an IV bolus of Cimetidine (Tagamet). Which of the following should the nurse monitor closely follow the administration? A) Respiratory rate. B) Skin turgor. C) Blood pressure. D) Temperature

C) because Cimetidine causes hypotension

A client is taking docusate sodium (Colace). The nurse monitors which of the following to determine whether the client is having a therapeutic effect from this medication? A. Abdominal pain B. Reduction in steatorrhea C. Hematest-negative stools D. Regular bowel movements

D

A charge nurse and a newly licensed nurse are providing care for a client who reports nausea and has a presciption for metoclopramide (Reglan) as an antiemetic. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates a correct understanding of the actions of the medication. "Metoclopramide": A. depresses vagal nerve activity B. decreases gastric acid secretions C. slows peristalsis D. promotes gastric emptying

D) Metoclopramide is a gastrointestinal stimulant used to relieve nausea, vomiting, heartburn, stomach pain, bloating, and persistent feeling of fullness after meals. - Metoclopramide works by promoting gastric emptying

Which of the following statements made by a client after a teaching session about cyclobenzaprine (Flexaril) indicates a need for further teaching?

I can drink alcohol at a party

Which of the following statements is true concerning lithium carbonate?

Lithium reduces the frequency and severity of manic/depressive episodes

Which of the following nursing actions would be appropriate to promote optimal drug response to antiemetic agents?

a. gradually reintroduce foods that are easily digestible

The nurse should question a health care provider's order of phenobarbital for the client with which conditions? a. Seizure disorder b. Panic disorder c. Prior to a bronchoscopy d. Prior to receiving a general anesthetic

b