Pharmacology Ch 7 - 8

If an adult client without a drug allergy to penicillin needs antibiotic premedication because of high-risk status for infection around a total joint replacement, what antibiotic is normally prescribed? 1. Amoxicillin, 2 g orally, one hour before the procedure. 2. Amoxicillin, 1 g orally, two hours before the procedure 3. Penicillin, 1 g orally, tow hours before the procedure 4. penicillin 2 g, two hours before the procedure

1. Amoxicillin 2 g orally, one hour before the procedure

Which of the following can be used or prophylactic antibiotic premedication if the client cannot take oral medications and is not allergic to penicillin? 1. Ampicillin 2. Amoxicillin 3. Metronidazole 4. Tetracycline

1. Ampicillin

Which of the following parts of an antibody will combine with the antigen? 1. Fab 2. hinge region 3. Fc 4. disulfide bond

1. Fab

Which of the following drugs is used to treat an infection which Candida albicans (fungal infection) 1. Nystatin (mycostatin) 2. gentamicin 3. tetracycline 4. penicillin G or V

1. Nystatin (mycostatin)

Tetracycline therapy should be avoided in all of the following except: 1. Postmenopausal women 2. pregnant women 3. nursing mothers 4. young children

1. Postmenopausal women

Which of the following statements about candidiasis is FALSE? 1. The fungal organism, candida albicans, when found in the oral cavity is always a pathogenic organism 2. two common types of candidiasis are the pseudomembranous and the atrophic forms 3. Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in the oral cavity 4. antibiotics and cytotoxic drugs can cause candidiasis

1. The fungal organism, candida albicans, when found in the oral cavity is always a pathogenic organism

A patient who is allergic to penicillin, may have an allergic reaction to: 1. Azithromycin 2. Cefalexin 3. Tetracycline 4. Erythromycin

2. Cefalexin

If a patient is allergic to penicillin and needs prophylactic antibiotic premedication prior to dental hygiene care, what premedication is the physician or dentist MOST likely to prescribe? 1. Amoxicillin 2. Clindamycin 3. Metronidazole 4. tetracycline

2. Clindamycin

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal flora? 1. E 2. K 3. B12 4. A

2. K

the first line antibiotic to treat ANUG is 1. Doxycycline 2. Metronidazole 3. Amoxicillin 4. Penicillin

2. Metronidazole

Which of the following cells synthesize antibodies? 1. Mast 2. Plasma 3. Macrophages 4. Stem 5.Fibroblasts

2. Plasma

Mouthwashes containing commonly used systemic antibiotics make ideal mouthwashes; because systemic antibiotics show little tendency towards antibiotics sensitization when used topically 1. both the statement and reasons are correct 2. both the statement and reasons are incorrect 3. statement is correct, reason is incorrect 4. statement is incorrect, reason is correct

2. both the statement and reason are incorrect

Microbial drug resistance is an example of: 1. Autotrophic variation 2. mutation and selection 3. fluctuation change 4. attenuation

2. mutation and selection

A client is on prophylactic antibiotic premedication and is scheduled for two appointments. how much time should be given between appointments? 1. 4-6 days 2. 7-8 days 3. 9-14 days 4. Time between apps is not an issue

3. 9-14 days

Which of the following medications can be reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives? 1. Opioids 2. Acetaminophen 3. Antibiotics 4. Epinephrine 5. NSAIA's

3. Antibiotics

Which oral side effect is MOST associated with antibiotics? 1. drug-influenced gingivitis 2. gingival enlargement 3. black hairy tongue 4. Xerostomia

3. Black hairy tongue

Oral manifestations of fungal infection include all of the following EXCEPT 1. burning mouth syndrome 2. angular cheilitis 3. drug influenced gingivitis 4. red oral mucosa

3. Drug influenced gingivitis

Essential steps taken as part of professional dental hygiene care, to prevent infective endocarditis included all of the following except 1. identity high-risk individuals by accurately reviewing the client's health history and questioning the client during assessment 2. Ensure that prophylactic antibiotic premedication is administered one hour before invasive dental or dental hygiene procedures 3. Ensure that prophylactic antibiotic premedication is administered one hour after invasive dental or dental hygiene procedures 4. Direct the client to use a preprocedural antimicrobial rinse prior to tissue manipulation

3. Ensure that prophylactic antibiotic premedication is administered one hour after invasive dental or dental hygiene procedures

Protracted use of sulfa drugs may produce symptoms of vitamin K deficiency because sulfa drugs 1. are detoxified in the liver 2. combine chemically with vitamin K 3. Inhibit growth of intestinal bacteria 4. interfere with the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin 5. inhibit calcium absorption which is essential to enzyme systems

3. Inhibit growth of intestinal bacteria

A client records on the health history questionnaire that she is six months pregnant. Which of the following drugs, if prescribed for the client, would lead to a specific type of intrinsic tooth staining in the unborn child? 1. Penicillin 2. Amoxicillin 3. Tetracycline 4. Clindamycin

3. Tetracycline

Fungal infections of the oral cavity can develop with systemic administration of all the following EXCEPT? 1. tricyclic antidepressants 2. corticosteroids 3. antipyretics 4. antibiotics

3. antipyretics

Which of the following warnings should be given to clients who are prescribed metronidazole? 1. May cause drowsiness, avoid driving 2. Avoid milk/milk products 3. May cause sun sensitivity 4. avoid alcohol 5. Take on empty stomach

4. Avoid alcohol

Before dental hygiene care, which of the following should be given to a client with a history of infective (bacterial) endocarditis who is allergic to penicillin? 1. Amoxicillin 2. Augmentin 3. Tetracycline 4. Clindamycin 5. Metronidazole

4. Clindamycin

Your patient is a 16 year old boy. His chief complaint is that he has ulcers in this mouth that are causing him pain. This instance has occurred twice before the current visit, but the ulcers disappeared in a couple of weeks. On both occasions he reported having had a sinus infection that his physician treated with amoxicillin. Based on the patient's age, gender, and health history, the oral ulcerations most likely are due to which of the following 1. Lichenoid drug reaction 2. xerostomia 3. candidiasis 4. Erythema multiform

4. Erythema multiform

A two-year old boy contracts an infection that requires antibiotic therapy. With this information alone, which drug below wouldn't you use? 1. Penicillin 2. Cephalosporin 3. Erythromycin 4. Tetracycline

4. Tetracycline

Prophylactic antibiotic premedication prior to invasive dental or dental hygiene care is prescribed for clients with a history of any of the following conditions EXCEPT 1. Renal transplant 2. total joint replacement within the last two years 3. kidney dialysis 4. controlled diabetes mellitus

4. controlled diabetes mellitus

Current research suggests that antimicrobial agents do each of the following except 1. reduce the formation of pellicle 2. change the metabolism of bacteria 3. decrease the bacteria's attachment to tooth surfaces 4. Increase the specificity of microbes 5. alter the bacterial cell wall

4. increase the specificity of microbes

Lichen plants can be treated topically by which of the following medications? 1. tetracycline 2. rifampin (Rifadin) 3. Metronidazole (flagyl) 4. nifedipine (Procardia) 5. Dexamethasone (decadron)

5. Dexamethasone (decadron)

Which of the following, when taken with antacids, can result in as much as a 50% DECREASE in intestinal absorption of the medication? 1. Codeine 2. Meperidine 3. Acetaminophen 4. Penicillin VK 5. Tetracycline

5. Tetracycline