pharmacology chapter 12 & 13

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Define efferent nerves and what they do

carry nerve impulses from CNS to motor (peripheral) nervous system (such as muscles and glands)

Hypnosis

causes a patient to sleep

what is the priority nursing action in the resident taking an adrenergic agent who complains of feeling "dizzy and weak "

check for orthostatic blood pressure

Anticholinergic agents block or inhibit

cholinergic activity

Ambenonium (Mytelase)

cholinergic agents

Bethanechol

cholinergic agents

Pilocarpine

cholinergic agents

Pyridostigmine/Mestinon

cholinergic agents

before starting an anticholinergic medication, the patient would be screened for?

closed angle, glaucoma

the nurse would use BETA BLOCKERS cautiously in what client?

emphysema

define paradoxical effects

excitement, euphoria, restlessness, and confusion

barbiturates common side effects

headache, daytime sedation impaired coordination hangover blurred vision lethargy decreased level of consciousness hypotension

in caring for a patient taking a cholinergic agent, the nurse notes wheezing when auscustating the lungs, what does the nurse do?

hold medication and call healthcare provider/pcp

in regards to medication administration, what would the nurse do for the patient recieving atenolol, a beta adrenergic blocking agent who had a pulse of 58 and ankle edema?

hold medication and call healthcare provider/pcp

common adverse effects for diabetic patients taking an adrenergic blocking agents are?

hypoglycemia including, headache decreased coordination general apprehension diaphoresis hunger, blurred or double vision

why are beta blockers used cautiously in patients with respiratory conditions?

increased risk for bronchospasm,wheezing

when discharging a patient from same day surgery who received sedatives/hypnotic therapy, what would the nurse assess?

level of consciousness (LOC), motor control, orientation

A patient recieving diazepam/valium is complaining of nausea, vomiting and is jaundice. what type of blood work will be performed?

liver function test(LFT)

what disease is associated with insufficient sleep?

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

Propranolol (Inderal)

non selective Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

Zolpidem (Ambien)

nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepen Sedative-Hypnotic agent

what vital signs should be accessed in the a benzodiazepine such as lorazepam/ativan

orthostatic blood pressure

what would you tell a patient who has been started on terbutaline therapy, if they reported "a racing heart" after taking the medication?

palpitations/tachycardia.the symptoms will tend to resolve with continued therapy."

Cholinergic drugs cause effects in the body similar to those produced by?

parasympathetic

What are benzodiazepines used for?

preoperative sedative, conscious sedation

what are the benefits of sedatives?

produce relaxation and sleep, decrease anxiety

what lab work would be assessed for the patient taking chloral hydrate and warfarin

prothrombin time

what is the priority nursing action in resident taking an adrenergic agent who is disoriented and hallucinating

provide for resident's safety.

nursing interventions for adrenergic blocking agents include?

.USE CAUTIOUSLY IN RESPIRATORY COMPROMISED PATIENTS

Diphenhydramine should be taken only for ________to treat insomnia

1 week/short-term

cholinergic nerves ending liberates

ACETYLCHOLINE

Anticholinergic drugs inhibit the actions of

Acetylcholine

what are two most common neurotransmitters affecting the CNS?

Acetylcholine and norepinephrine

vasoconstriction is an adrenergic response or a cholinergic response?

Adrenergic

Albuterol (Proventil)

Adrenergic Agents

which category of medication is used for peripheral vascular disease characterized by excessive vasoconstriction, such as Raynaud's disease?

Alpha adrenergic blocking agents

the autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into which types of adrenergic receptors?

Alpha and beta blockers

the autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into which types of adrenergic receptors?

Alpha and beta receptors

Dicyclomine

Anticholinergic

atropine drug classification is

Anticholinergic

cholinergic drugs interact with

Atropine, antihistamine

Phenobarbital (Luminal)

Barbiturates

Diazepam (Valium)

Benzodiazepine

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Benzodiazepine

serious adverse effects of alpha and beta adrenergic blocking agents include

Bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, heart failure, bronchospasm, wheezing

too much terbutaline can cause what symptoms?

CNS stimulation ,which results in insomnia and wakefulness

Adrenergic nerve ending liberates

NOREPINEPHRINE

what two phases make up normal sleep?

NREM & REM

Chloral Hydrate/somnote

Nonbarturate, nonbenzodiazepen sedative-hypnotic agent

Diphenhydramine (benadryl)

Nonbarturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agent

Atenolol (Tenormin)

Selective Beta adrenergic Blocker agents

metaprolol (Lopressor)

Selective Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

terbutaline

adrenergic agents

the nurse assess a client's ______________ prior to administering a beta adrenergic blocking agent such as metoprolol

blood pressure (vital signs )

what are some non-pharmaceutical treatment options for a confused and agitated patient?

stay with them, listen to them and provide comfort measures

Define afferent

transmit signals to the spinal cord and the brain

adrenergic blocking agents that treat angina pectoris slowing the heart rate via

vasodilation


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