pharmacology chapter 12 & 13
Define efferent nerves and what they do
carry nerve impulses from CNS to motor (peripheral) nervous system (such as muscles and glands)
Hypnosis
causes a patient to sleep
what is the priority nursing action in the resident taking an adrenergic agent who complains of feeling "dizzy and weak "
check for orthostatic blood pressure
Anticholinergic agents block or inhibit
cholinergic activity
Ambenonium (Mytelase)
cholinergic agents
Bethanechol
cholinergic agents
Pilocarpine
cholinergic agents
Pyridostigmine/Mestinon
cholinergic agents
before starting an anticholinergic medication, the patient would be screened for?
closed angle, glaucoma
the nurse would use BETA BLOCKERS cautiously in what client?
emphysema
define paradoxical effects
excitement, euphoria, restlessness, and confusion
barbiturates common side effects
headache, daytime sedation impaired coordination hangover blurred vision lethargy decreased level of consciousness hypotension
in caring for a patient taking a cholinergic agent, the nurse notes wheezing when auscustating the lungs, what does the nurse do?
hold medication and call healthcare provider/pcp
in regards to medication administration, what would the nurse do for the patient recieving atenolol, a beta adrenergic blocking agent who had a pulse of 58 and ankle edema?
hold medication and call healthcare provider/pcp
common adverse effects for diabetic patients taking an adrenergic blocking agents are?
hypoglycemia including, headache decreased coordination general apprehension diaphoresis hunger, blurred or double vision
why are beta blockers used cautiously in patients with respiratory conditions?
increased risk for bronchospasm,wheezing
when discharging a patient from same day surgery who received sedatives/hypnotic therapy, what would the nurse assess?
level of consciousness (LOC), motor control, orientation
A patient recieving diazepam/valium is complaining of nausea, vomiting and is jaundice. what type of blood work will be performed?
liver function test(LFT)
what disease is associated with insufficient sleep?
myocardial infarction (heart attack)
Propranolol (Inderal)
non selective Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
Zolpidem (Ambien)
nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepen Sedative-Hypnotic agent
what vital signs should be accessed in the a benzodiazepine such as lorazepam/ativan
orthostatic blood pressure
what would you tell a patient who has been started on terbutaline therapy, if they reported "a racing heart" after taking the medication?
palpitations/tachycardia.the symptoms will tend to resolve with continued therapy."
Cholinergic drugs cause effects in the body similar to those produced by?
parasympathetic
What are benzodiazepines used for?
preoperative sedative, conscious sedation
what are the benefits of sedatives?
produce relaxation and sleep, decrease anxiety
what lab work would be assessed for the patient taking chloral hydrate and warfarin
prothrombin time
what is the priority nursing action in resident taking an adrenergic agent who is disoriented and hallucinating
provide for resident's safety.
nursing interventions for adrenergic blocking agents include?
.USE CAUTIOUSLY IN RESPIRATORY COMPROMISED PATIENTS
Diphenhydramine should be taken only for ________to treat insomnia
1 week/short-term
cholinergic nerves ending liberates
ACETYLCHOLINE
Anticholinergic drugs inhibit the actions of
Acetylcholine
what are two most common neurotransmitters affecting the CNS?
Acetylcholine and norepinephrine
vasoconstriction is an adrenergic response or a cholinergic response?
Adrenergic
Albuterol (Proventil)
Adrenergic Agents
which category of medication is used for peripheral vascular disease characterized by excessive vasoconstriction, such as Raynaud's disease?
Alpha adrenergic blocking agents
the autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into which types of adrenergic receptors?
Alpha and beta blockers
the autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into which types of adrenergic receptors?
Alpha and beta receptors
Dicyclomine
Anticholinergic
atropine drug classification is
Anticholinergic
cholinergic drugs interact with
Atropine, antihistamine
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Barbiturates
Diazepam (Valium)
Benzodiazepine
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Benzodiazepine
serious adverse effects of alpha and beta adrenergic blocking agents include
Bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, heart failure, bronchospasm, wheezing
too much terbutaline can cause what symptoms?
CNS stimulation ,which results in insomnia and wakefulness
Adrenergic nerve ending liberates
NOREPINEPHRINE
what two phases make up normal sleep?
NREM & REM
Chloral Hydrate/somnote
Nonbarturate, nonbenzodiazepen sedative-hypnotic agent
Diphenhydramine (benadryl)
Nonbarturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic agent
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Selective Beta adrenergic Blocker agents
metaprolol (Lopressor)
Selective Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
terbutaline
adrenergic agents
the nurse assess a client's ______________ prior to administering a beta adrenergic blocking agent such as metoprolol
blood pressure (vital signs )
what are some non-pharmaceutical treatment options for a confused and agitated patient?
stay with them, listen to them and provide comfort measures
Define afferent
transmit signals to the spinal cord and the brain
adrenergic blocking agents that treat angina pectoris slowing the heart rate via
vasodilation
