Pharmacology - Exam 8
The order reads: "Give vancomycin, 1250 mg in 250 mL NS, IVPB, every 12 hours. Infuse over 90 minutes." The nurse will set the infusion pump to what setting for mL/hour?
167 mL/hour
The order for an 11-year-old child who has chickenpox reads: "Give acyclovir (Zovirax) 20 mg/kg PO daily × 5 days. The child weighs 99 pounds. How much is each dose? Is this dose safe for this child?
900 mg. No, the dose exceeds the 800 mg maximum per dose
A patient calls the clinic to ask about taking a glucosamine-chondroitin supplement for arthritis. The nurse reviews the medication history and notes that there will be a concern for drug interactions if the patient is also taking medications for which disorder? a.Type 2 diabetes mellitus b.Hypothyroidism c.Hypertension d.Angina
a.
During assessment of a patient with osteoarthritis pain, the nurse knows that which condition is a contraindication to the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)? a.Renal disease b.Diabetes mellitus c.Headaches d.Rheumatoid arthritis
a.
During drug therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal superinfection. The nurse explains that this infection is caused by: a.large doses of antibiotics that kill normal flora. b.the infection spreading from her lungs to the new site of infection. c.resistance of the pneumonia-causing bacteria to the drugs. d.an allergic reaction to the antibiotics.
a.
During therapy with amphotericin B, the nurse would monitor for known adverse effects that would be reflected by which lab result? a. serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L b. serum potassium level of 5.6 mEq/L c. white blood count of 6500 mm3 d. platelet count of 300,000 per microliter
a.
Patient teaching receiving allopurinol (Zyloprim) should include which information? A. "Increase your fluid intake to 3 L per day." B. "Include salmon and organ meats in your diet on a weekly basis." C. "Take the medication with an antacid to minimize gastrointestinal distress." D. "This medication may cause your urine to turn orange."
a.
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement by the nurse is correct? a. avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication." b. milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline." c. antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress." d. take the medication until you are feeling better."
a.
The nurse is reviewing the sputum culture results of a patient with pneumonia and notes that the patient has a gram-positive infection. Which generation of cephalosporin is most appropriate for this type of infection? a.First generation - cefazolin b.Second generation - cefuroxime - gram-negative c.Third generation d.Fourth generation
a.
When a patient is receiving long-term NSAID therapy, which drug may be given to prevent the serious gastrointestinal adverse effects of NSAIDs? a. misoprostol (Cytotec) b. metoprolol (Lopressor) c. metoclopramide (Reglan) d. magnesium sulfate
a.
When administering vancomycin, the nurse knows that which of these is most important to assess before giving the medication? a. renal function b. WBC count c. liver function d. platelet count
a.
When providing health promotion teaching at a senior citizen center, the nurse would include information about which medication used to decrease the duration of influenza A and B? A. oseltamivir (Tamiflu) B. ganciclovir (Cytovene) C. enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) D. indinavir (Crixivan)
a.
When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs? a. the penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin. b. the penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease. c. the warfarin will reduce the anti-infective action of the penicillin. d.t he warfarin will increase the effectiveness of the penicillin.
a.
When the nurse is teaching a patient who is taking acyclovir for genital herpes, which statement by the nurse is accurate? a "This drug will help the lesions to dry and crust over." b "Acyclovir will eradicate the herpes virus." c "This drug will prevent the spread of this virus to others." d "Be sure to give this drug to your partner, too."
a.
Which is not an NSAID a. Allopurinol b. ASA c. Celecoxib d. Ibuprofen
a.
The nurse is aware that viruses can enter the body through various routes. By which methods can viruses enter the body? (Select all that apply.) A. Inhalation through the respiratory tract B. Ingestion via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract C. Transplacentally from mother to infant D. Through an animal bite
a. b. c. d.
Which types of antiviral drugs are used to treat HIV infection? (Select all that apply.) A. Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors B. Protease inhibitors C. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors D. Fusion inhibitors E. Neuraminidase inhibitors
a. b. c. d.
Before administration of any antiviral medication, what nursing care would be performed? (Select all that apply.) A. Head-to-toe physical assessment B. Documentation of known allergies C. History of medication use D. Monitoring for adverse effects E. Baseline vital signs
a. b. c. e.
A 49-year-old patient has been admitted with possible chronic salicylate intoxication after self-treatment for arthritis pain. The nurse will assess for which symptoms of salicylate intoxication? (Select all that apply). a. Tinnitus b. Headache c. Constipation d. Nausea e. Bradycardia
a. b. d.
The acetic acid derivative indomethacin (Indocin) has which properties? (Select all that apply) A. Antiinflammatory B. Antirheumatic C. Antinausea D. Antipyretic E. Anticonvulsant
a. b. d.
when monitoring a patient who is receiving casofungin, the nurse will look for which serious adverse effects (select all that apply) A. blood dycrasias B. hypotension C. pulmonary infiltrates D. tinnitus E. Hepatotoxicity
a. b. e.
The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for an NSAID to treat tendinitis. Which conditions are contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? Select all that apply. a. rhinitis b. arthralgia c. peptic ulcer disease d. hepatic disease e. neuropathy f. pericarditis
a. c. d.
During antibiotic therapy, the nurse will monitor closely for signs and symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction. Which of these assessment findings may be an indication of a hypersensitivity reaction? (Select all that apply.) a.Wheezing b.Diarrhea c.Shortness of breath d.Swelling of the tongue e.Itching f.Black, hairy tongue
a. c. d. e.
Definitive Therapy
administration of antibiotics based on known results of culture and sensitivity testing identifying the pathogen.
Empiric Therapy
administration of antibiotics based on the practitioner's judgment of the pathogens most likely to cause the apparent infection; presumptive treatment of an infection to avoid treatment delay before culture and sensitivity reports are obtained.
Prophylactic Therapy
antibiotics taken before anticipated exposure to an infectious organism in an effort to prevent infection.
A 40-year old patient is scheduled for a colon resection. The patient does not currently have an active infection and lab work is within normal limits. There is an order to administer Cefazolin 2gm IVPB on call to surgery. The nurse knows that the rationale for administering the Cefazolin is to: a. provide empiric therapy b. provide prophylactic therapy c. treat a superinfection d. reduce the number of organisms on the skin
b.
A new vaccination, Zostavax, has been approved to prevent the development of what condition in adults over the age of 50? A. Herpes simplex B. Herpes zoster C. Influenza A D. Avian influenza
b.
A patient has been admitted to the hospital with a gram-positive infection. The physician has ordered a second-generation cephalosporin, Mefoxin IVPB every 8 hours for treatment. The nurse is checking the patient's allergies, which are: Sulfa, Penicillin, and Gentamicin. a. give the patient the ordered dose b. call the physician and clarify the order for Mefoxin c. give the patient an NSAID to reduce adverse effects Unselected d. all the pharmacy and tell them to change the medication to a first-generation cephalosporin
b.
A patient is receiving a daily dose of Gentamicin to treat a bacterial infection. The scheduled dose is administered at 1000 and is complete at 1100. The nurse has orders to draw a trough level. What time will the trough level need to be drawn? a. 0800 b. 2000 c. 1400 d. 0600
b.
A patient will be having oral surgery and has received an antibiotic to take for 1 week before the surgery. The nurse knows that this is an example of which type of therapy? a.Empiric b.Prophylactic c.Definitive d.Resistance
b.
A patient with active HIV has been taking zidovudine (Retrovir). Which potential adverse effect may limit the length of time this medication can be taken? a) Lactic acidosis b) Bone marrow suppression c) Hepatomegaly d) Fatigue
b.
An elderly patient tells the nurse that he uses aspirin for "anything that ails me." The nurse will assess for which most common signs of chronic salicylate intoxication in adults? a. photosensitivity and nervousness b. tinnitus and hearing loss c. acute gastointestinal bleeding and anorexia d. hyperventilation and central nervous system (CNS) effects
b.
If a patient is taking an antifungal drug with an oral anticoagulant, the nurse should monitor for which possible interaction? a. reduced action of oral anticoagulants, resulting in decreased prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) b. increased action of oral anticoagulants, resulting in increased PT-INR c. increased change in renal impairment caused in renal impairment caused by the antifungal drug d. decreased effectiveness of the antifungal drug
b.
Most nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) work by: A. Enhancing pain perception B. Inhibiting prostaglandin production C. Increasing blood flow to painful areas D. Increasing the supply of natural endorphins
b.
The dose-limiting toxicity of ganciclovir treatment is assessed by monitoring A. liver function tests (LFTs). B. complete blood count (CBC). C. blood urea nitrogen (BUN). D. creatine phosphokinase (CPK).
b.
The nurse is obtaining a medication history from an 18-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed with genital herpes. Which drug would the nurse expect this patient to be prescribed? A. amantadine (Symmetrel) B. acyclovir (Zovirax) C. zidovudine (Retrovir) D. ribavirin (Virazole)
b.
The nurse recognizes that manifestations of NSAID toxicity include a. constipation. b. nausea and vomiting. c. tremors. d. urinary retention.
b.
When teaching a patient about potential side effects of NSAID therapy, the nurse will teach the patient to promptly report which effect? A. Mild indigestion B. Black tarry stools C. Nonproductive cough D. Nausea
b.
When teaching a patient who is taking nystatin lozenges for oral candidiasis, which instruction by the nurse is correct? a. "chew the lozenge carefully before swallowing" b. "dissolve the lozenge slowly and completely in your mouth" c. "dissolve the lozenge until it is half the original size, and then swallow it" d. "these lozenges need to be swallowed whole with a glass of water"
b.
the nurse is assessing the patient who is about to receive anti fungal drug therapy. Which problem would be of most concern A. endocrine disease B Hepatic disease C. Cardiac disease D. pulmonary disease
b.
A teenage patient is prescribed tetracycline for treatment of severe acne. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse include for this patient? Select all that apply: a. the patient may develop gingival hyperplasia b. avoid sun exposure and tanning beds c. the patient should avoid concurrent use of dairy products, iron, and antacids d. this medication will have to be taken life-long e. the patient may develop alopecia
b. c.
The nurse is educating a patient on the adverse effects of Quinolone antibiotic therapy. Which of the following adverse effects would the nurse include? Select all that apply: a. cyanosis b. insomnia c. oral candidiasis d. urinary frequency e. ruptured tendons f. rhinitis
b. c. e.
The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a patient who will be taking a sulfonamide antibiotic. During sulfonamide therapy, a significant drug interaction may occur with which of these drugs or drug classes? (Select all that apply.) a.Opioids b.Oral contraceptives c.Sulfonylureas d.Antihistamines e.Phenytoin (Dilantin) f.Warfarin (Coumadin)
b. c. e. f.
When administering amphotericin B, which of the following actions by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply. a. administering the medication by rapid IV infusion b. discontinuing the drug immediately if the patient develops tingling and numbness in the extremities c. if adverse effects occur, reducing the IV rate gradually until they subside d. using an infusion pump for IV therapy e. monitoring the IV site for signs of phlebitis and infiltration f. ordering premedication for fever and nausea g. knowing that the intravenous solution for amphotericin B will be cloudy h. knowing that muscle twitching may indicate hypokalemia
b. d. e. f.
A mother has been giving her child aspirin for a week to treat a fever associated with influenza B and has brought her child into the clinic to be seen. The physician suspects the child has Reye's Syndrome associated with the administration of aspirin. What signs and symptoms will the child be displaying? Select all that apply: a. photosensitivity and nervousness b. changes in level of consciousness c. acute gastrointestinal bleeding and anorexia d. altered liver function tests e. hyperglycemia f. vomiting g. seizures
b. d. f. g.
A 25 year-old patient has been diagnosed with Haemophilus influenzae. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect the physician to order? a. vancomycin b. bactrim c. zithromax d. nafcillin
c.
A 75-year-old woman has been given an NSAID for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which type of medication could have an interaction with this NSAID? a. antibiotics b. decongestants c. anticoagulants d. beta-blockers
c.
A mother calls the clinic to ask what medication to give her 5-year-old child for a fever during a bout of chickenpox. The nurse's best response would be: a. "Your child is 5 years old, so it would be okay to use children's aspirin to treat his fever." b. "Start with acetaminophen or ibuprofen, but if these do not work, then you can try aspirin." c. "You can use children's dosages of acetaminophen or ibuprofen, but aspirin is not recommended." d. "It is best to wait to let the fever break on its own without medication."
c.
A patient has a urinary tract infection. The nurse knows that which class of drugs is especially useful for such infections? a.Macrolides b.Carbapenems c.Sulfonamides d.Tetracyclines
c.
A patient has been admitted for treatment of an infected leg ulcer and will be started on intravenous linezolid. The nurse is reviewing the list of the patient's current medications. Which type of medication, if listed, would be of most concern if taken with the linezolid? a. Beta blocker b. Oral anticoagulant c. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant d. Thyroid replacement hormone
c.
A patient has had an organ transplant and will be receiving Ganciclovir. Which statement best explains the rationale for this medication therapy? a. ganciclovir is used to prevent potential exposure to the HIV virus b. this medication is given prophylactically to prevent influenza A infection c. ganciclovir is given to prevent CMV infection d. the drug works synergistically with antibiotics to prevent superinfections
c.
A patient is receiving his third intravenous dose of a penicillin drug. He calls the nurse to report that he is feeling "anxious" and is having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first? a. notify the prescriber. b. take the patient's vital signs. c. stop the antibiotic infusion. d. check for allergies.
c.
A patient with HIV infection is seen in the clinic. The nurse notes the patient is experiencing weight loss, chronic diarrhea, fever, and dropping CD4 counts. The nurse anticipates the patient is in which stage of HIV infection? a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4
c.
A patient with a long-term intravenous catheter is going home. The nurse knows that if he is allergic to seafood, which antiseptic agent is contraindicated? a.Chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens) b.Hydrogen peroxide c.Povidone-iodine (Betadine) d.Isopropyl alcohol
c.
A woman who has been taking an antibiotic for a UTI calls the nurse practitioner to complain of severe vaginal itching. She has also noticed a thick, whitish vaginal discharge. The nurse practitioner suspects that: a. this is an exprected response to therapy b. the UTI has become worse c. a superinfection has developed d. the UTI is resistant to the antibiotic
c.
After giving an injection to a patient with HIV infection, the nurse accidentally receives a needlestick from a too-full needle disposal box. Recommendations for occupational HIV exposure may include the use of which drug(s)? a didanosine b lamivudine and enfuvirtide c zidovudine, lamivudine, and indinavir d acyclovir
c.
After surgery for organ transplantation, a patient is receiving ganciclovir, even though he does not have a viral infection. Which statement best explains the rationale for this medication therapy? a Ganciclovir is used to prevent potential exposure to the HIV virus. b This medication is given prophylactically to prevent influenza A infection. c Ganciclovir is given to prevent CMV infection. d The drug works synergistically with antibiotics to prevent superinfections.
c.
Medications used to treat HIV infections are more specifically classified as A. antifungal drugs. B. antiviral drugs. C. antiretroviral drugs. D. antiparasitic drugs.
c.
The advantage of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors over other NSAIDs is that they: A. Have a longer duration of action B. Are less likely to cause hepatic toxicity C. Do not decrease the cytoprotective lining of the stomach D. Have a more rapid onset of action
c.
The most significant drug interactions with use of antivirals occur when antivirals are administered via which route? A. Topically B. Rectally C. Intravenously D. Optically
c.
The nurse is administering one of the lipid formulations of amphotericin B. When giving this drug, it is important to remember that a. the lipid formulation may be given in an oral form b. the doses are much lower than the doses of the older drugs c. the lipid formulations are associated with fewer adverse effects than the older drugs d. there is no difference in cose between the new and older forms
c.
The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been on antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks. Today the patient tells the nurse that he has had watery diarrhea since the day before and is having abdominal cramps. His oral temperature is 101° F (38.3° C). Based on these findings, which conclusion will the nurse draw? a.The patient's original infection has not responded to the antibiotic therapy. b.The patient is showing typical adverse effects of antibiotic therapy. c.The patient needs to be tested for Clostridium difficile infection. d.The patient will need to take a different antibiotic.
c.
The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a patient with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy? a.Increased red blood cell count b.Increased hemoglobin level c.Decreased white blood cell count d.Decreased platelet count
c.
The nurse is reviewing a patient's medication list during a preoperative visit. The patient is scheduled for diagnostic laparoscopy in 2 weeks. He asks the nurse, "I hope I can continue the Motrin, because I really ache if I don't take it. It's just minor surgery, right?" What is the nurse's best response? a. "You can continue to take it as the laparoscopy is considered minor surgery." b. "You will need to take a lower dosage during the preoperative period. c. "I'll check with your prescriber, but this drug is usually stopped a week before the surgery because it can cause increased bleeding tendencies." d. "You can switch to aspirin before the surgery; both aspirin and Motrin are over-the-counter pain relievers."
c.
The nurse should question and order writtent to administer acetylsalicytic acid (aspirin) to which patient? A. 45-year-old man with a history of heart attack B. 28-year-old woman with a history of sports injury C. 14-year-old boy with a history of flu-like symptoms D. 62-year-old woman with a history of stroke
c.
The nurse would question an order to administer misoprostol (Cytotec) to a patient with which condition? A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease C. Pregnancy D. Peptic ulcer
c.
When administering an aminoglycoside, the nurse knows that which of the following labs is the most important to assess prior to administration? a. platelets b. liver function c. renal function d. RBC
c.
When giving intravenous quinolones, the nurse needs to keep in mind that these drugs may have serious interactions with which drugs? a. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants b. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs c. Oral anticoagulants d. Antihypertensives
c.
When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics? a.Tetracyclines b.Sulfonamides c.Cephalosporins d.Quinolones
c.
Which statement, if made by a patient with HIV infection, demonstrates a need for continued patient teaching? A. "I will change my position slowly to prevent dizziness and potential injury." B. "I must take these medications exactly as prescribed for the rest of my life." C. "I don't need to use condoms as long as I take my medication as prescribed." D. "I should remain upright for 30 minutes after taking my zidovudine."
c.
While assessing a woman who is receiving an antibiotic for community acquired pneumonia, the nurse notes that the patient has a thick, white vaginal discharge. The patient is also complaining about perineal itching. The nurse suspects that the patient has a. resistance to the antibiotic. b. an adverse effect of the antibiotic. c. a superinfection. d. an allergic reaction.
c.
during an infusion of amphotericin B, the nurse knows that which administration technique may be used to minimize infusion-related adverse effects A. forcing of fluids during the infusion B. infusing the med quickly C. infusing the med over a long period of time D. stopping the infusion of 2 hours after half of the bag has infused and then resuming 1 hour later
c.
while monitoring a patient who is receiving intravenous amphotericin B, the nurse expects to see which adverse effects A. hypertension B. Bradycardia C Fever and chills D. Diarrhea and stomach cramps
c.
The nurse is administering an intravenous aminoglycoside to a patient who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Report a trough drug level of 0.8 mcg/mL, and hold the drug. b. Enforce a strict fluid restriction. c. Monitor serum creatinine levels. d. Instruct the patient to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears. e. Warn the patient that the urine may turn darker in color.
c. d.
A 75-year-old woman has been given a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication history and notes that which types of medications could have an interaction with the NSAID? (Select all that apply.) a.Antibiotics b.Decongestants c.Anticoagulants d.Beta blockers e.Diuretics f.Corticosteroid
c. e. f.
The nurse is reviewing the use of multidrug therapy for HIV with a patient. Which statements are correct regarding the reason for multiple drugs to treat HIV? Select all that apply: a. this is a trend in health care b. the combination of drugs has fewer associated toxicities c. the use of multiple drugs is more effective against resistant strains of HIV d. effective treatment results in reduced T-cell counts e. the goal of this treatment is to reduce the viral load f. this type of therapy reduces the incidence of opportunistic infections
c. e. f.
Disinfectant
chemical applied to nonliving objects to kill microorganisms.
Antiseptic
chemical that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms without necessarily killing them.
A 78 year-old patient was admitted to the Medical/Surgical unit after a right total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The patient has an IV of LR@ 100 mL/hr, Ancef 1gm Q 8 hours x48 hours, a hemovac in place to the surgical site, and an indwelling foley catheter. 3 days post-op the patient is still on the Medical/Surgical unit due to unforeseen complications; the hemovac and antibiotic therapy has been discontinued, but the patient still has LR@ 100 mL/hr and the indwelling foley catheter. Given this scenario, what would the patient be at risk for developing? a. superinfection b. community-associated infection c. pseudo-membranous colitis d. health-care associated infection
d.
A mother brings her toddler into the emergency department and tells the nurse that she thinks the toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children? a.Photosensitivity and nervousness b.Tinnitus and hearing loss c.Acute gastrointestinal bleeding d.Hyperventilation and drowsiness
d.
A patient has been admitted for treatment of an infected leg ulcer and will be started on IV Zyvox (Linezolid). The nurse is reviewing the patient's current medication list. Which class of medication could cause a drug-drug interaction? a. beta blocker b. anticoagulant c. thyroid hormone d. SSRI
d.
A patient has used buffered aspirin for several years as treatment for osteoarthritis. However, the symptoms are worse and she now needs something stronger. The physician prescribes an NSAID and misoprostol (Cytotec). She asks the nurse, "Why am I now taking two pills for arthritis?" What is the nurse's best response? a. "Cytotec will also reduce the symptoms of your arthritis." b. "Cytotec helps the action of the NSAID so that it will work better." c. "Cytotec reduces the mucous secretions in the stomach, which reduces gastric irritation." d. "Cytotec may help to prevent gastric ulcers that may occur in patients taking NSAIDs."
d.
A patient is admitted with a fever of 102.8° F (39.3° C), origin unknown. Assessment reveals cloudy, foul-smelling urine that is dark amber in color. Orders have just been written to obtain stat urine and blood cultures and to administer an antibiotic intravenously. The nurse will complete these orders in which sequence? a.Blood culture, antibiotic dose, urine culture b.Urine culture, antibiotic dose, blood culture c.Antibiotic dose, blood and urine cultures d.Blood and urine cultures, antibiotic dose
d.
A patient who has a history of coronary artery disease has been instructed to take one 81-mg aspirin tablet a day. The nurse is aware that the purpose of this dose of aspirin is to a.reduce anxiety. b.reduce inflammation. c.relieve pain. d.prevent thrombus formation
d.
A patient who has been newly diagnosed with HIV has many questions about the effectiveness of drug therapy. After a teaching session, which statement by the patient reflects a need for more education? a "I will be monitored for side effects and improvements while I'm taking this medicine." b "These drugs do not eliminate the HIV, but hopefully the amount of virus in my body will be reduced." c "There is no cure for HIV." d "These drugs will eventually eliminate the virus from my body."
d.
An 82-year-old woman is unable to take the influenza vaccine due to allergies, but she has been exposed to the virus through a family reunion. She does not yet have symptoms of the flu. Which option would be best for her? a) She should receive the flu vaccine as soon as possible. b) She should receive zanamivir (Relenza) in the inhalation form. c) She should begin oral oseltamivir (Tamiflu) therapy when symptoms begin. d) She should begin oral oseltamivir (Tamiflu) therapy as soon as possible.
d.
During a teaching session about antigout drugs, the nurse tells the patient that antigout drugs work by which mechanism? a. increasing blood oxygen levels b. decreasing leukocytes and platelets c. increasing protein and rheumatoid factors d. decreasing serum uric acid levels
d.
During drug therapy with a tetracycline antibiotic, a patient complains of some nausea and decreased appetite. Which statement is the nurse's best advice to the patient? a.Take it with cheese and crackers or yogurt." b.Take each dose with a glass of milk." c.Take an antacid with each dose as needed." d.Drink a full glass of water with each dose."
d.
During therapy with an IV aminoglycoside, the patient calls the nurse and says "I'm hearing some odd sounds, like ringing in my ears." What is the nurse's priority action at this time? a. reassure the patient that these are expected adverse effects b. reduce the rate of the IV infusion c. increase the rate of the IV infusion d. stop the infusion immediately
d.
During treatment with zidovudine, the nurse needs to monitor for which potential adverse effect? a. retinitis b. DVT c. kaposi's sarcoma d. bone marrow suppression
d.
How is the effectiveness of antiviral drugs administered to treat HIV infection assessed and evaluated? A. Megakaryocytes B. Red blood cell counts C. Lymphocyte counts D. Viral load
d.
The nurse administers maraviroc (Selzentry) to a patient with HIV infection. It is most important for the nurse to monitor which of the following? a) CD4 count b) Bone marrow suppression c) Urinary output d) Liver function tests
d.
The nurse is administering probenecid (Benemid) to a patient with recurrent strep throat. The nurse teaches the patient that the most likely reason for taking this medication is to: A. Prevent the occurrence of gout B. Increase uric acid excretion C. Inhibit bacterial growth and replication D. Prolong the effectiveness of penicillin therapy
d.
The nurse is preparing an infusion of amphotericin B for a patient who has a severe fungal infection. Which intervention is appropriate regarding the potential adverse effects of amphotericin B? a. discontinuing the infusion immediately if fever, chills, or nausea occur b. gradually increasing the infusion rate until adverse effects occur c. if fever, chills, or nausea occur during the infusion, administering medications to treat the symptoms d. before beginning the infusion, administering an antipyretic and an antiemetic drug
d.
The nurse is preparing to use an antiseptic. Which statement is correct regarding how antiseptics differ from disinfectants? a.Antiseptics are used to sterilize surgical equipment. b.Disinfectants are used as preoperative skin preparation. c.Antiseptics are used only on living tissue to kill microorganisms. d.Disinfectants are used only on nonliving objects to destroy organisms.
d.
The nurse is teaching a patient who is taking colchicine for the treatment of gout. Which instruction should be included during the teaching session? a. "fluids should be restricted while on colchicine therapy" b. "colchincine should be taken with meals" c. "the drug should be discontinued when symptoms are reduced" d. "call your doctor if you notice blood in the urine"
d.
The patient questions a nurse about herbal treatments for arthritic pain. What is the nurse's best response? A. "Ginkgo biloba has shown tremendous benefit as an antiinflammatory drug." B. "High doses of vitamins have been used for many years to help maintain joint health." C. "There are really no safe herbal treatments for pain. Your best action would be to take your prescription medications." D. "Glucosamine sulfate with chondroitin has demonstrated promising results in the treatment of joint stiffness and pain. Discuss this with your health care provider."
d.
when administering ant fungal drug therapy the nurse knows that an issue that contributes to many of the drugs interactions with anifungals is the patents A. history of cardiac disease B. history of gallbladder disease C. ethnic background D. Cytochrome P-450 enzyme system
d.
True or False: ASA should be taken on an empty stomach
false
