Pharmacology Final Practice questions
Beta blockers produce most of their beneficial effects by blocking which receptors in the heart? Alpha 1 receptors Beta 2 receptors Beta 1 receptors Alpha 2 receptors
Beta 1 receptors
Albuterol is a: beta 1 agonist beta 1 antagonist beta 2 agonist beta 2 antagonist
Beta 2 agonist
Which of the following symptoms do NOT present in hyperglycemia? Extreme thirst Hunger Blood glucose <60 mg/dL Glycosuria
Blood glucose <60 mg/dL
A patient is scheduled to start taking insulin glargine [Lantus]. On the care plan, a nurse should include which of these outcomes related to the therapeutic effects of the medication? Blood glucose control for 24 hours Mealtime coverage of blood glucose Less frequent blood glucose monitoring Peak effect achieved in 2 to 4 hours
Blood glucose control for 24 hours
What baseline data should be collected before giving an alpha1-adrenergic antagonist? Blood pressure and heart rate Kidney function studies Liver function studies Fasting lipid panel
Blood pressure and heart rate
Which antimicrobials promote the emergence of drug resistance? Narrow-spectrum antibiotics Broad-spectrum antibiotics Antibiotics used prophylactically Antibiotic combinations
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Superinfections occur more often with which category of antibiotics? Broad-spectrum drugs Antiviral drugs Antifungal drugs Narrow-spectrum drugs
Broad-spectrum drugs
Beta 2 agonists are ____________ agents while glucocorticoids are _____________ agents. Bronchodilator; anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory; bronchodilator Anticholinergic; anti-inflammatory Bronchodilator; anticholinergic
Bronchodilator; anti-inflammatory
A patient has been taking citalopram (Celexa), an SSRI, for the past 6 months and is complaining of sexual problems. The doctor prescribes another antidepressant to take the citalopram. Which antidepressant would this be? Trazodone Venlafaxine (Effexor) Bupropion (Wellbutrin) Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Which bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein synthesis causes a high incidence of potentially fatal Clostridium difficile (C-diff) diarrhea? Erythromycin Clindamycin Doxycycline Minocycline
Clindamycin
Which of the following accurately describes the mechanism by which Sucralfate (Carafate) promotes ulcer healing? Coats the ulcer to provide a protective barrier against gastric secretions Neutralizes stomach acid and promotes prostaglandin production Suppresses secretion of gastric acid via irreversible inhibition of ATPase in the parietal cells Inhibiting protein synthesis of H. pylori
Coats the ulcer to provide a protective barrier against gastric secretions
A patient is prescribed verapamil (Calan). The nurse should assess the patient for which common adverse effects? Atrial fibrillation, photosensitivity, and blurred vision Tachycardia, stomatitis, and inflammation of the joints Constipation, headache, and edema of the ankles and feet Dry mouth, lymphadenopathy, and decreased appetite
Constipation, headache, and edema of the ankles and feet
The nurse inadvertently administers heparin 100 units/mL subcutaneously (which is available on the nursing unit as part of an intravenous flush protocol) instead of the heparin 5000 units/mL that was prescribed to prevent postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the priority nursing concern? Assessing the patient for DVT. Consulting the prescriber for direction. Filling out an incident report. Preventing excessive bleeding.
Consulting the prescriber for direction.
A cancer patient has been taking increasing doses of oxycodone for pain relief. Which teaching can prevent the adverse effect that is most likely to persist with long-term use of this drug? Consume adequate fluids and fiber Change positions slowly Do not operate dangerous machinery Take deep breaths every hour
Consume adequate fluids and fiber
Before administering metformin [Glucophage], the nurse should notify the prescriber about which laboratory value? Creatinine (Cr) level of 2.1 mg/dL Hemoglobin (Hgb) level of 9.5 gm/dL Sodium (Na) level of 131 mEq/dL Platelet count of 120,000/mm3
Creatinine (Cr) level of 2.1 mg/dL
A patient is receiving dopamine (Inotropin) for treatment of shock. What would indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? Decreased mean arterial pressure Gain of 2 kg in 24 hours Increased heart rate Increased urine output
Increased urine output
Which of the following best explains the mechanism by which asthma causes adverse respiratory signs and symptoms? Loss of alveolar elasticity, resulting in collapse and prolonged expiratory phase Tenacious mucus production related to a defect in the sodium-potassium pump, causing decreased ciliary action and narrowing of the airways Inflammation of the airways and smooth muscle hyperreactivity, resulting in bronchospasm Chronic inflammation of the airways predisposes the individual to frequent respiratory infections
Inflammation of the airways and smooth muscle hyperreactivity, resulting in bronchospasm
This is a potentially life-threatening reaction to ACE inhibitors. Angioedema Hyperglycemia Dyspepsia Cough
Angioedema
The program that, in part, promotes adherence to appropriate antibiotic prescribing guidelines is called Antibiotic Prevention Program Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Regulatory Pathways Program Antibiotic Resistance Program
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program
All antidysrhythmic drugs are: Are prodysrhythmic. Given parentally. Cause diarrhea. Given by mouth
Are prodysrhythmic.
Ordered: 12.5 mg Carvedilol (Coreg) Supplied: 25 mg Carvedilol (Coreg) tablet How much medication will you administer to the patient? 1 tablet 1/4 tablet 1/2 tablet 2 tablets
1/2 tablet
The nurse is caring for a patient with severe generalized anxiety disorder. Which agent would be most effective for immediate stabilization? Venlafaxine [Effexor] Buspirone [BuSpar] Paroxetine [Paxil] Alprazolam [Xanax]
Alprazolam [Xanax]
A patient is prescribed Metoprolol. Which statement by the patient requires the nurse to re-educate the patient on how to take the medication properly? "After I stop taking this medication I will let my physician know." "I take this medication with my breakfast every morning." "I will change positions slowly while I'm taking this medication." "While I'm taking this medication I will monitor my heart rate."
"After I stop taking this medication I will let my physician know."
Your patient is on Nardil, an MAOI, for depression. Which statement by the patient best indicates that medication education has been effective? "I am eating three well balanced meals a day." "I've been eating lots of avocados." "At a family cookout I chose grilled chicken instead of the smoked salmon."
"At a family cookout I chose grilled chicken instead of the smoked salmon."
A female paitent who is diabetic sustained an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The nurse provides discharge teaching. Which statement, made by the patient, indicates that further teaching is required? "medications are needed to prevent heart failure." "I will take aspirin, atenolol, and captopril indefinitely." "My blood pressure should be less than 130/80 mm Hg." "Daily estrogen will prevent another heart attack."
"Daily estrogen will prevent another heart attack."
The nurse teaches a patient about captopril. Which statement by the patient requires an intervention by the nurse? "I use NoSalt for seasoning foods instead of salt." "I eat sweet potatoes once or twice a week." "I drink 4 ounces of prune juice each morning." "I like asparagus because it is high in vitamin K."
"I use NoSalt for seasoning foods instead of salt."
A patient is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) to treat a urinary tract infection. Which of the following statements made by the patient indicate that teaching was effective? "It is safe to take this medication if I become pregnant?" "I will drink at least 8 to 10 glasses of water every day" "I will be able to stop this medication when im symptom free" "I may have increased blood sugar while taking this medication"
"I will drink at least 8 to 10 glasses of water every day"
You're providing discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking a calcium channel blocker at home. Which statement by the patient demonstrates they did NOT understand the teaching instructions and needs re-education? "I will follow a low-fat and high-fiber diet." "I will limit my consumption of soft drinks and try to incorporate more healthy options, like grapefruit juice." "This medication can enlarge my gums so I will maintain good oral hygiene." "I will monitor my blood pressure regularly because this medication can cause low blood pressure."
"I will limit my consumption of soft drinks and try to incorporate more healthy options, like grapefruit juice."
An adult patient is being discharged home on Digoxin. Which statements below verbalized by the patient demonstrates they understand how to properly take this medication? Select all that apply: "I will limit by intake of foods high in potassium." "I will not take this medication and notify the physician if my heart rate is less than 70 bpm." "I will measure my pulse rate before every dose I take." "It is important that I immediately report any vision changes I may experience while taking this medication."
"I will measure my pulse rate before every dose I take." "It is important that I immediately report any vision changes I may experience while taking this medication."
A teaching plan for a patient who is taking lispro [Humalog] should include which instruction by the nurse? "Inject this insulin with your first bite of food, because it is very fast acting." "The duration of action for this insulin is about 8 to 10 hours, so you'll need a snack." "This insulin needs to be mixed with regular insulin to enhance the effects." "To achieve tight glycemic control, this is the only type of insulin you'll need."
"Inject this insulin with your first bite of food, because it is very fast acting."
A patient prescribed an antidepressant 1 week ago says, "I really don't think this medication is helping me." Which nursing response is most appropriate? "Are you feeling suicidal?" "Are you having side effects?" " You need to schedule a clinic appointment so we can discuss this more." "It takes about 3 weeks for your medication to work."
"It takes about 3 weeks for your medication to work."
The nurse instructs a patient about taking nifedipine (Procardia XL). Which statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of medication teaching? "I will stop taking my Beta blocker." "The pill should be swallowed whole." "The drug will cause constipation." "This drug treats heart rhythm problems."
"The pill should be swallowed whole."
You're teaching a patient about how angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) work. Which statement below BEST describes how these medications work on the body? "They prevent Angiotensin II Type I Receptors from binding with Angiotensin II." "These medications prevent the activation of Angiotensin II Type II Receptors from binding with Angiotensin II." "They inhibit angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) from converting an Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II." "These medications prevent Angiotensin II Type I Receptors from binding with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE)."
"They prevent Angiotensin II Type I Receptors from binding with Angiotensin II."
You're providing discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking a loop diuretic at home. Which statement by the patient demonstrates they did NOT understand the teaching material and requires that you reinforce some of the teaching points? "I will eat a diet rich in potatoes, bananas, avocados, strawberries, and spinach." "I will weigh myself daily and report to my physician if I gain more than 3 lbs in 1 day." "I will change position slowly because I can become dizzy easily while taking this medication." "This medication can cause dehydration, so I will stay hydrated by consuming at least 2 L or more of fluid per day."
"This medication can cause dehydration, so I will stay hydrated by consuming at least 2 L or more of fluid per day."
The nurse is teaching a patient who has a new prescription for citalopram [Celexa]. Which statements are appropriate to include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.) "This medication may cause some sexual side effects. Let your healthcare provider know about this if it occurs." "When you stop taking this medication, you should not withdraw it abruptly." "You will need to move slowly from a sitting to a standing position to prevent dizziness from low blood pressure." "This medication often causes drowsiness. You should take it at bedtime." "Let your family or your healthcare provider know if you experience a worsening mood, agitation, or increased anxiety."
"This medication may cause some sexual side effects. Let your healthcare provider know about this if it occurs." "When you stop taking this medication, you should not withdraw it abruptly." "Let your family or your healthcare provider know if you experience a worsening mood, agitation, or increased anxiety."
You're educating a patient's family member about Warfarin (Coumadin) and how it is used to treat blood clots. Which statements by the family member require you to re-educate them about how this medication works? Select all that apply: "This medication will help dissolve the blood clot." "This medication will prevent another blood clot from forming." "This medication will help prevent the blood clot from becoming bigger in size." "This medication starts working immediately after the first dose."
"This medication will help dissolve the blood clot." "This medication starts working immediately after the first dose."
The nurse is teaching a patient with a new prescription for alprazolam [Xanax]. Which statement is the most appropriate to include in the teaching plan? "When it is time to discontinue this drug, you will need to taper it off slowly." "Protect your skin from the sun to prevent rash and exaggerated sunburn." "Increase your intake of fluid and high-fiber food to prevent constipation." "Take this medication on an empty stomach at least 2 hours after meals."
"When it is time to discontinue this drug, you will need to taper it off slowly."
A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse instructs the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur is: 2-4 hours after administration 6-12 hours after administration 16-18 hours after administration 18-24 hours after administration
6-12 hours after administration
Which patient below would MOST benefit from an ACE Inhibitor? A 50-year-old female with systolic dysfunction heart failure. A 48-year-old male with severe renal failure. A 35-year-old female with chronic hepatitis. A 54-year-old male with hypovolemic shock.
A 50-year-old female with systolic dysfunction heart failure.
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with a dysrhythmia? Imbalance of fluid and electrolytes Inadequate peripheral tissue perfusion Ineffective breathing pattern Alteration in cardiac output
Alteration in cardiac output
Which patient would most likely be prescribed sodium nitroprusside (Nitropress)? A patient with a recent diagnosis of essential hypertension A patient with heart failure who receives weekly home visits A patient who is hypotensive after a myocardial infarction A patient with a hypertensive crisis in the intensive care unit
A patient with a hypertensive crisis in the intensive care unit
What is often the first sign of a hypersensitivity reaction to a drug? A rash Constipation Difficulty breathing A fever
A rash
A patient diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction has been scheduled for an angioplasty. which medication does the nurse anticipate administering before this procedure? Dobutamine (Dobutrex) Abciximab (ReoPro) Alteplase (Activase) Warfarin (coumadin)
Abciximab (ReoPro)
A nurse teaches a patient who takes an MAOI about important dietary restrictions. Which foods will the nurse caution the patient to avoid? Aged cheese and sherry Grapefruit and other citrus juices Coffee, colas, and tea Potato and corn chips
Aged cheese and sherry
A nurse teaches a patient who takes an MAOI about important dietary restrictions. Which foods will the nurse caution the patient to avoid? Aged cheese and sherry fortified wine Grapefruit and other citrus juices Coffee, colas, and tea Potato and corn chips
Aged cheese and sherry fortified wine
the medication used in rescue inhalers is: Salmeterol Albuterol Ipratropium Budenoside
Albuterol
What is the principal adverse effect of penicillins? Diarrhea Allergic reaction Vomiting Nausea
Allergic reaction
A patient has been diagnosed with a STEMI. Which medications does the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? Beta blocker, angiotensin II receptor blocker, and oxygen Aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and diuretics Aspirin, beta blocker, oxygen, morphine, and nitroglycerin Heparin, nitroprusside, morphine, and calcium channel blocker
Aspirin, beta blocker, oxygen, morphine, and nitroglycerin
A patient who is admitted to the nursing unit from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) is moaning in pain. The patient is due for another dose of pain medication. What is the nursing priority at this time? Assess the patient's vital signs, tubes, and surgical site. Review the patient's allergy history. Obtain the patient's pain rating on a scale of 1-10. Administer prescribed pain-relieving drugs.
Assess the patient's vital signs, tubes, and surgical site.
Your patient is alert and oriented x 4 and has a history of a penicillin allergy. Knowing the patient has been prescribed cephalexin, what is the priority action by the nurse? Administer the cephalexin Assess the type of reaction the patient had to the penicillin Administer the cephalexin and carefully assess for allergic reaction Notify the prescriber of the allergy and ask for a different antibiotic order
Assess the type of reaction the patient had to the penicillin
Which nursing action would best meet the therapeutic objective of drug therapy? Prescribing a drug with the fewest adverse effects Assessing the patient for adverse effects Prescribing a drug with the fewest serious adverse effects Recommending that a patient avoid taking drugs because there are possible adverse effects
Assessing the patient for adverse effects
The nurse is ambulating a postoperative patient in the hall who is receiving an opioid analgesic for pain. The patient complains of severe nausea. What is the priority nursing action? Administer the prescribed antiemetic Assist the patient to sit down Get an emesis basin Walk the patient back to his room
Assist the patient to sit down
A patient diagnosed with H. pylori is being treated with metronidazole (Flagyl). Which of the following will you include in the discharge instructions? Black discoloration of the tongue and stool may occur and is harmless Use a whitening toothpaste during treatment, as the drug may stain your teeth Avoid alcohol while taking this drug Antibiotic resistance to this drug is very low, so no other drugs are needed to treat the bacterial infection
Avoid alcohol while taking this drug
The nurse teaches the patient who has hypokalemia caused by diuretic therapy to increase intake of which food? Bananas Lean meats Milk products Yellow vegetables
Bananas
Instructing a patient on the Valsalva maneuver is asking the patient to do what? Bear down as if having a bowel movement Tighten the pelvic floor muscles Pant like a dog Breathe through pursed lips
Bear down as if having a bowel movement
The nurse answers a call to the ED from a woman who is prescribed fentanyl lozenge on a stick. She states that she found her 2-year-old grandson with the medication in his mouth. She took it away from him, and he is standing next to her crying. Which action would be of greatest priority? Call 911 Assess how much drug was consumed Contact the poison hotline Rinse out the child's mouth
Call 911
Digoxin is part of what family of drugs? Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Beta-blockers Angiotensin II receptor blockers Cardiac glycosides
Cardiac glycosides
A patient recently began taking a loop diuretic for hypertension related to heart failure. He is complaining about dizziness and lightheadedness when standing. What advice can the nurse give him to keep him safe? Take the medication earlier in the day Reduce the dosage of the medication Change positions slowly Take the medication before going to bed
Change positions slowly
Drugs that dilate capacitance vessels (veins) Decrease cardiac preload. Increase cardiac afterload. Increase cardiac preload. Decrease cardiac afterload.
Decrease cardiac preload.
Glucocorticoids are used to treat asthma because they _______________. Decrease airway constriction Increase diameter of large and small airways Improve ability to stop using B2 agonists Decrease inflammation
Decrease inflammation
Postural (orthostatic) hypotension is caused by Decreased venous return. Increased cardiac output. Water retention. Vasoconstriction.
Decreased venous return.
A patient is prescribed amoxicillin and tetracycline to treat peptic ulcer disease. The nurse will instruct the patient that this medication will: Prevent gastrointestinal infections that cause gastric bleeding Reduce gastric acid production and alkalize the stomach fluids Decrease the secretion of pepsin in the stomach Destroy the bacteria in the stomach that are causing ulceration
Destroy the bacteria in the stomach that are causing ulceration
A 36-year-old male is newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Which of the following treatments do you expect the patient to be started on initially? Diet and exercise regime Metformin BID by mouth Regular insulin subcutaneous None, monitoring at this time is sufficient enough
Diet and exercise regime
What effect will liver disease have on drug levels in the body? Decreased responsiveness Drug accumulation Rapid metabolism No effect
Drug accumulation
An abnormality in the rhythm of the heart beat is called a Dysrhythmia Baroreceptor reflex Cardiac cycle Bruit
Dysrhythmia
What is the primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the kidneys? Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Early distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct
Early distal convoluted tubule
Which are beneficial effects that can be derived from simvastatin [Zocor] and other drugs in this class? (Select all that apply.) Improvement in liver function Elevation of HDLs Reduction of risk of cardiovascular events Reduction of LDLs Stabilization of the plaque in coronary arteries
Elevation of HDLs Reduction of risk of cardiovascular events Reduction of LDLs Stabilization of the plaque in coronary arteries
Treating an infection before the laboratory tests confirm the infecting organism is called Empiric therapy Respiratory therapy Prophylactic therapy Aquatic therapy
Empiric therapy
When treatment of a severe infection with antibiotics is initiated before test results for the infecting organism is identified and the determination of its drug sensitivity, we call this treatment Empiric treatment Pro-active treatment Tighten the pelvic floor muscles Optimal treatment
Empiric treatment
After an intramuscular injection of penicillin, the patient develops severe difficulty breathing and a swollen tongue. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer? Dopamine (Inotropin) Epinephrine (Adrenalin) Norepinephrine (Levophed) Psuedoephedrine (Sudafed)
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Which macrolide is the drug of first choice for individuals infected with Bordetella pertussis? Azithromycin Clarithromycin Tetracycline Erythromycin
Erythromycin
A patient may stop their prescribed antibiotic when symptoms clear and they feel well. Consult with prescriber True Unsure False
False
Drugs that are toxic to the same organ can be combined without caution. True False
False
True or False: Thiazide diuretics are more potent than loop diuretics and provide immediate diuresis affects. True False
False
When caring for a patient who is prescribed a vasodilator, it is important to monitor for which adverse effects associated with vasodilation? Fluid volume overload Bradycardia Postural Hypotension Lowering of blood pressure to target levels Tachycardia
Fluid volume overload Postural Hypotension Tachycardia
The nurse in the emergency department is caring for a patient with a suspected overdose of diazepam [Valium]. Which agent is most likely to be administered to reverse the effects of diazepam? Naloxone [Narcan] Flumazenil [Romazicon] Acetylcysteine [Mucomyst] Vitamin K
Flumazenil [Romazicon]
Which drug does the nurse identify as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor? Bupropion [Wellbutrin] Imipramine [Tofranil] Fluoxetine [Prozac] Desvenlafaxine [Pristiq]
Fluoxetine [Prozac]
A patient is taking Digoxin. What medication on the patient's medication list increases the patient's risk of experiencing Digoxin toxicity? Furosemide Metformin Nitroglycerin Coumadin
Furosemide
A patient with severe hypertension is prescribed minoxidil (vasodilator). Which medications will the nurse expect to be administered to reduce adverse responses to minoxidil? Adenosine (Adenocard) and ticlopidine (Ticlid) Furosemide (Lasix) and propranolol (Inderal) Digoxin (Lanoxin) and captopril (Capoten) Donepezil (Aricept) and clonidine (Catapres)
Furosemide (Lasix) and propranolol (Inderal)
Alprazolam [Xanax] is prescribed for an adult with panic attacks. The nurse recognizes that this drug exerts its therapeutic effect by interacting with which neurotransmitter? Norepinephrine Acetylcholine Serotonin (5-HT) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
What is an absolute requirement for ulcer formation in the gut wall? H. pylori Gastric acid Alcohol ingestion Eating large meals
Gastric acid
A patient with diabetes has a morning glucose of 50. The patient is sweaty, cold, and clammy. Which of the following nursing interventions is the MOST important? Recheck the glucose level Give the patient ½ cup (4 oz) of fruit juice Call the doctor Keep the patient nothing by mouth
Give the patient ½ cup (4 oz) of fruit juice
Oral candidiasis is also known as Glaucoma Tinea Pedis Onychomycosis Thrush
Thrush
The nurse reviews current laboratory results before administering ticarcillin/clavulanate (Timentin). It would be a priority to report which lab result to the prescriber? BNP 65 picograms/dL WBC 15,000/mm to the third Hbg 8 g/dL Bun 22 mg/dL
Hbg 8 g/dL
A patient is admitted to the ED after a traumatic injury and is in severe pain from compound fracture. Which chronic condition would be of greatest concern when administering an opioid? Asthma Diabetes Head injury Hypertension
Head injury
Untreated hypertension can lead to (Select all the apply) Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Heart disease. Stroke. Kidney disease.
Heart disease. Stroke. Kidney disease.
The nurse prepares to administer metoprolol (Lopressor) to a patient with chronic stable angina. What is a priority assessment to make before administration of this medication? Breath sounds Blood pressure Respiratory rate Heart rate
Heart rate
A patient with deep vein thrombosis receiving an intravenous (IV) heparin infusion asks the nurse how this medication works. What is the nurse's best response? Heparin prevents the activation of vitamin K and thus blocks synthesis of some clotting factors. Heparin works by converting plasminogen to plasmin, which in turn dissolves the clot matrix. Heparin inhibits the enzyme responsible for platelet activation and aggregation within vessels. Heparin suppresses coagulation by helping antithrombin perform its natural functions.
Heparin suppresses coagulation by helping antithrombin perform its natural functions.
Your patient is taking Verapamil. When helping the patient make a lunch selection, the nurse should encourage the patient to choose items that are? Low in calcium High in fiber Low in potassium High in sodium
High in fiber
The first sign of impending cochlear damage with a patient on an aminoglycoside is Persistent headache Unsteadiness High-pitched tinnitus Vertigo
High-pitched tinnitus
It would be a priority to report which test result if a patient is prescribed tetracycline? Sodium 132 mEq/L International normalized ratio (INR) 1.1 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) 8.2 U/g of hemoglobin Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 5325 mIU/mL
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) 5325 mIU/mL
Which of the following is NOT a serious adverse effect of long-term oral glucocorticoid therapy? Hypoglycemia Adrenal suppression Osteoporosis Peptic ulcer disease
Hypoglycemia
Which of the following statements by a patient with COPD indicates that the discharge teaching has been effective? Unless my O2 saturation falls below 85%, I will not need any supplemental oxygen Because of my chronic condition, antibiotics will not help control my signs and symptoms I will set aside 10-15 minutes, twice a day for my DuoNeb (ipratropium-albuterol) breathing treatment As long as my condition remains stable, I can get by with my RediHaler (beclomethasone) as my only COPD medication
I will set aside 10-15 minutes, twice a day for my DuoNeb (ipratropium-albuterol) breathing treatment
Which of the following statements by a patient with a new diagnosis of asthma and prescription of fluticasone propionate/ salmeterol (Advair) requires correction by the nurse? I will rinse my mouth with water after each use I will keep a journal of things that seem to make my breathing a bit more difficult I will take my Advair every morning and night at a time that is convenient for me I will take an extra dose of my Advair in the event of an asthma attack
I will take an extra dose of my Advair in the event of an asthma attack
The ___________________ is used to monitor warfarin therapy. No test is required for warfarin therapy. Platelet count INR (international normalized ratio) aPTT
INR (international normalized ratio)
A patient was started on an SSRI 3 days ago for depression. She was discharged from your nursing unit this morning, but now is calling back to say she is feeling confused, restless, & has a fever of 101 degrees F. Which of the following is the best nursing intervention? Determine if the patient has flulike symptoms Instruct patient to stop talking the medication Recommend to take the medication at night Explain that theses are expected
Instruct patient to stop talking the medication
A patient who has received morphine becomes slightly disoriented. If this adverse effect is due to the morphine, which intervention by the nurse might aid in reversing it? Assist the patient to ambulate Instruct the patient to change positions slowly Instruct the patient to take show, deep breaths Keep the room well-lit
Instruct the patient to take show, deep breaths
A patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks a nurse, "How does insulin normally work in my body?" The nurse explains that normal insulin has which action in the body? It stimulates the pancreas to reabsorb glucose. It promotes the synthesis of amino acids into glucose. It stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose. It promotes the passage of glucose into cells for energy.
It promotes the passage of glucose into cells for energy.
When monitoring serum drug levels in patients receiving divided doses of a drug, when are "trough levels" drawn? Just before administering the next dose 30 minutes before giving an IM injection 1 hour before giving the next dose 30 minutes after completing a 30-minute IV infusion
Just before administering the next dose
A Type 2 diabetic may have all the following signs or symptoms EXCEPT: Blurry vision Ketones present in the urine Glycosuria Poor wound healing
Ketones present in the urine
The principal toxicity of vancomycin is Hearing impairment (ototoxicity) Liver failure (hepatotoxicity) Heart damage (cardiotoxicity) Kidney failure (nephrotoxicity)
Kidney failure (nephrotoxicity)
Which are characteristics of drugs that can cross the blood-brain barrier (select all that apply)? Lipid-soluble Highly ionized Move via transport systems Protein-bound Water-soluble
Lipid-soluble Move via transport systems
Statins may cause Kidney damage Liver damage Brain damage Heart damage
Liver damage
The physician prescribes the patient a loop diuretic. As the nurse you know that this type of diuretic causes diuresis by MAINLY affecting what structure in the nephron? Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle
Loop of Henle
A 53 year old male was admitted to the ER in the middle of the night for a panic episode. He is highly anxious and short of breath. The doctor continued his home meds of clonazepam prn, lorazepam prn, & the SSRI sertraline (Zoloft). Which med will you offer him first? Clonazepam Lorazepam Sertraline
Lorazepam
All of the following are risk factors for developing peptic ulcer disease (PUD) except: Male gender Daily use of ibuprofen for treating joint pain Infection with Helicobacter pylori Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Male gender
What is the first rule of antimicrobial therapy? Begin empiric therapy as soon as possible Match the drug to the bug Always give the antimicrobial intravenously (IV) Ask the patient when their symptoms first appeared
Match the drug to the bug
A patient is prescribed metformin. Which statement about metformin does the nurse identify as true? Metformin increases absorption of vitamin B12 Metformin can delay the development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals Metformin causes patients to gain weight Metformin use predisposes patients to alkalosis
Metformin can delay the development of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals
A patient with asthma requires a beta blocker. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for this patient? Propranolol Metoprolol Carvedilol Terazosin
Metoprolol
A patient with diabetes requires a beta blocker. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for this patient? Propranolol Metoprolol Carvedilol Terazosin
Metoprolol
The nurse is teaching a patient who has had an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) about home medications. Which agent represents a drug category that should be taken by all post-MI patients? Diltiazem [Cardizem] Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Lovastatin [Mevacor] Metoprolol [Lopressor]
Metoprolol [Lopressor]
Your type 1 diabetic patient is on a beta blocker. Which is the best way to determine if your patient is hypoglycemic? Don't worry because a diabetic patient on a beta blocker will not become hypoglycemia Watch for symptoms of hypoglycemia Check the blood glucose once a week Monitor capillary blood glucose
Monitor capillary blood glucose
The physician prescribes sustained-release verapamil (Calan SR) to an 82-year-old patient who takes digoxin (Lanoxin) daily. Which action by the nurse is best? Monitor the patient's cardiac rhythm continuously Assess the patient for tachycardia and hypertension Maintain the patient on bed rest for 8 to 10 hours Reduce dietary fiber to prevent loose, watery diarrhea
Monitor the patient's cardiac rhythm continuously
Which category of beta blockers block beta 1 and beta 2 receptors? Selective beta blockers Nonselective beta blockers
Nonselective beta blockers
A patient is admitted to the medical unit with dysuria and a temperature of 100.8 degrees F. The prescriber's orders include obtaining a urine for culture and sensitivity as well as ciprofloxacin 400 mg IV every 12 hours. What is a priority nursing responsibility in this scenario? Calculate the drip rate for the infusion and mix the antibiotic in the correct IV solution Obtain the urine for culture and sensitivity prior to administering the antibiotic Ask the patient when their symptoms first appeared Offer cranberry juice and encourage increased fluid intake
Obtain the urine for culture and sensitivity prior to administering the antibiotic
The nurse identifies which most common serious adverse effect of TCA therapy? Excitation Orthostatic hypotension Skin rash Sexual dysfunction
Orthostatic hypotension
When developing a plan of care for pain management for the cancer patient, achievement of _________________ is the priority outcome. A rating of pain less than 3 on a scale of 0 to 10 Comfort that allows the patient to complete all ADLs Pain relief that is acceptable to the patient Total pain relief
Pain relief that is acceptable to the patient
Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient about inhaled glucocorticoids? Inhaled glucocorticoids have many significant adverse effects The principal side effects of inhaled glucocorticoids include hypertension and weight gain Using a glucocorticoid inhaler means they will not need to use a bronchodilator Patients should rinse the mouth and gargle after using inhaled glucocorticoids
Patients should rinse the mouth and gargle after using inhaled glucocorticoids
Your patient, who is 55-years-old, is prescribed to take Digoxin. What patient finding requires that the nurse hold the dose of Digoxin and notify the physician? Digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL Blood glucose 82 Heart rate 61 bpm Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
Your patient is ordered a loop diuretic at 1000. Which finding below would require you to hold the dose and notify the physician for further orders? Calcium level 9 mg/L Potassium level 1.5 mEq/L Blood pressure 102/78 Sodium level 144
Potassium level 1.5 mEq/L
A patient is prescribed hydralazine (Apresoline). What concern is most important for the nurse to address? Precautions for postural hypotension Prevention of reflex tachycardia High initial dose for slow acetylators Recognition of hypertrichosis
Prevention of reflex tachycardia
A patient states they are experiencing an annoying, persistent dry cough that started once they begin taking an ACE Inhibitor. The patient is not experiencing any other signs and symptoms. As the nurse, your response is? Tell the patient to immediately stop taking the medication and seek medical treatment. Reassure the patient this is a harmless side effect of this medication and to not abruptly stop taking the medication. Recommend the patient start taking the medication at night to decrease the coughing. Reassure the patient that the cough will disappear within 6 months of taking the medication.
Reassure the patient this is a harmless side effect of this medication and to not abruptly stop taking the medication.
What syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of intravenous (IV) vancomycin? Toxic shock syndrome Acute coronary syndrome Red Man syndrome Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Red Man syndrome
The principal toxicity of vancomycin is Hemolytic Anemia Ototoxicity Renal failure Thrombophlebitis
Renal failure
What is the most beneficial treatment for patients who have an ST elevated MI (STEMI)? Aspirin therapy Administering a beta blocker Giving a statin Reperfusion
Reperfusion
What is the priority concern when a patient combines prescribed opioids with alcohol? Nausea and vomiting Orthostatic hypotension Physical dependence Respiratory depression
Respiratory depression
What is of greatest priority when naloxone is administered to combat respiratory depression associated with opioid use for cancer patients? Hydration Level of consciousness Presence of gag reflex Return of pain
Return of pain
What is of most concern to the nurse when a patient is prescribed an NSAID analgesic on a regular basis? Lack of adequate pain relief Heartburn Rigid abdomen Swollen ankles
Rigid abdomen
In a healthy heart, what is the pacemaker? SA Node AV Node Ventricle Bundle of His
SA Node
The nurse is planning care for a patient taking imipramine [Tofranil]. Which finding, if present, would most likely be an adverse effect of this drug? Blood pressure of 160/90 mm Hg Insomnia and diarrhea Sedation and dry mouth Tachypnea and wheezing
Sedation and dry mouth
The nurse is caring for a patient in the emergency department who reports the onset of agitation, confusion, muscle twitching, diaphoresis, and fever about 12 hours after beginning a new prescription for escitalopram [Lexapro]. Which is the most likely explanation for these symptoms? Depressive psychosis Serotonin syndrome Escitalopram overdose Cholinergic crisis
Serotonin syndrome
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving fluoxetine [Prozac] for depression. Which adverse effect is most likely associated with this drug? Sexual dysfunction Dry mouth Orthostatic hypotension Bradycardia
Sexual dysfunction
Which electrolyte is important for the nurse to teach the patient taking hydralazine to monitor? Magnesium Sodium Potassium Calcium
Sodium
The balance between the pulmonary and systemic circulations in a healthy heart is maintained in accordance with the baroreceptor reflex. the amount of peripheral resistance present. Starling's Law of the Heart. the venous pump.
Starling's Law of the Heart.
A patient who is receiving intravenous nitroprusside (Nitropress) is disoriented and unable to recognize family members. The nurse should take which action first? Perform a complete neurologic examination Provide reality orientation as needed Stop the intravenous nitroprusside Review the patient's liver function tests
Stop the intravenous nitroprusside
Which symptom suggests an ototoxic reaction to a drug? Nausea Dizziness Headache Tinnitus
Tinnitus
The nurse is aware that which nitroglycerin preparation has a rapid onset? Transdermal patch Topical ointment Sustained-release capsule Sublingual tablets
Sublingual tablets
A patient is prescribed clopidogrel (Plavix) to prevent blood clots in the coronary artery after experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI). He self-prescribes omeprazole (Prilosec OTC) for heartburn. Because omeprazole can inhibit the efficacy of clopidogrel, it is a priority for the nurse to teach the patient to report which effect? Dizziness Joint pain Sudden shortness of breath or chest pain Nausea and vomiting
Sudden shortness of breath or chest pain
Aspirin and other antiplatelet drugs: Bind to plasma proteins. Dissolve existing thrombi. Prevent activation of vitamin K Suppress thrombus formation in arteries.
Suppress thrombus formation in arteries.
An adult patient with chronic moderate persistent asthma controls symptoms with daily use of RediHaler (beclomethasone-dipropionate). Which of the following information would the nurse expect to include in the patient's plan of care. Select all that apply: Take the medication as prescribed and contact the HCP in the event of several missed doses Contact the HCP if experiencing prolonged periods of stress or illness Daily intake of calcium 1000 mg/ vitamin D3 600 IU supplement Avoid using salt substitutes that contain potassium chloride to season foods
Take the medication as prescribed and contact the HCP in the event of several missed doses Contact the HCP if experiencing prolonged periods of stress or illness Daily intake of calcium 1000 mg/ vitamin D3 600 IU supplement
Your heart failure patient has been started on digoxin. What is the most important patient teaching consideration regarding this medication? Teach the patient to take the medication at the same time every day Teach the patient the signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity Teach the patient to take their blood pressure before each dose Teach the patient to keep their scheduled appointments with their health care provider
Teach the patient the signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity
A patient with asthma is prescribed triamcinolone acetonide (Azmacort). The nurse should: (a glucocorticoid) Take the pulse before administration of the medication Teach the patient to use a spacer to prevent a fungal infection Instruct the patient to use the inhaler to treat an acute attack Encourage the patient to avoid weight-bearing activity
Teach the patient to use a spacer to prevent a fungal infection
A patient in the emergency department is diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The patient has been prescribed 325 mg of aspirin. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? Administer the medication to the patient if a headache develops Administer the medication with a full glass of water Instruct the patient to let the tablet dissolve under the tongue Tell the patient to chew the tablet thoroughly
Tell the patient to chew the tablet thoroughly
Why must aminoglycosides be given parenterally? The gastric acid in the stomach destroys the drugs. The drugs cross membranes poorly. The GI symptoms caused by the drugs are too severe. The drugs are eliminated by the liver.
The drugs cross membranes poorly.
A patient is prescribed NPH insulin. Which statement should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? The insulin will have a cloudy appearance in the vial The onset of action is rapid The patient should not mix Lantus with short-acting insulin The patient will have no risk of allergic reactions with this insulin
The insulin will have a cloudy appearance in the vial
A patient is to receive a scheduled dose of dilitiazem (Cardizem). The nurse should hold the medication and contact the prescriber if what occurs? The patient's blood pressure is 112/64 mm Hg The patient's cardiac rhythm is atrial fibrillation The patient is complaining of chest pain The patient is in second-degree heart block
The patient is in second-degree heart block
It is important for the nurse to discuss adverse effects of the antihypertensive drugs that are prescribed because the nurse knows what about the drugs' adverse effects? They affect adherence. They are necessary if the antihypertensive is at an effective dose. They are life-threatening. They reflect the cause of hypertension.
They affect adherence.
What is the reason tetracyclines cause tooth discoloration? Group of answer choicesThey are eliminated by the kidneys. They have a long half-life and adhere to the tooth a long time. They bind to calcium in developing teeth. They are lipid soluble and enter the tooth enamel.
They bind to calcium in developing teeth.
Which drug classification is the first-line drug treatment for primary hypertension? Aldosterone antagonists Thiazide diuretics Beta blockers Loop diuretics
Thiazide diuretics
When treating infection, what is (are) the therapeutic objective (s) of that treatment? To give the broadest spectrum antibiotic possible to have a better chance at impacting the infectious organism. To cause minimal harm to the host To always achieve 100% kill of the organism causing the infection. To promote maximal antimicrobial effects
To cause minimal harm to the host To promote maximal antimicrobial effects
The nurse is caring for a group of patients being treated for depression. Why might an SSRI be chosen over a TCA? To reduce the risk of suicide with overdose To avoid weight gain and other gastrointestinal (GI) effects To help prevent sexual dysfunction To prevent the risk of serotonin syndrome
To reduce the risk of suicide with overdose
A patient who has been taking an opiate analgesic for chronic pain due to terminal cancer needs higher doses to produce the same pain relief as when originally prescribed. This may be an example of what? Addiction Physical dependence Tolerance Withdrawal syndrome
Tolerance
What is a major use of epinephrine? Control of superficial bleeding Delay of local anesthetic absorption Treatment of anaphylaxis Management of cardiac arrest (asystole)
Treatment of anaphylaxis
Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index range True False
True
Escherichia coli is the most common cause of uncomplicated, community-associated UTIs. True False
True
Glucocorticoids (AKA corticosteriods) and beta 2 agonists are used together for comprehensive asthma and COPD treatment True False
True
Therapy with cholesterol-lowering drugs must continue lifelong. True False
True
A patient is prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus). Which statement should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? The insulin may be stored at room temperature until needed The insulin vials may be frozen without any concerns Insulin is not affected by direct sunlight or extreme heat Unopened insulin should be stored under refrigeration until needed
Unopened insulin should be stored under refrigeration until needed
The emergency department (ED) triage nurse answers the call of a patient who has a history of coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient reports chest pain that has not been relieved with rest and three doses of sublingual nitroglycerin. The appropriate diagnosis here is Stable angina. A myocardial infarction. Unstable angina. A STEMI.
Unstable angina.
Which is the preferred drug of choice for healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (HCA-MRSA)? Vancomycin Nafcillin Doxycycline Oxacillin
Vancomycin
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving nitrates for relief of angina. What pharmacodynamic action is responsible for the relief of anginal pain with nitrates? Vasodilation leads to decreased preload, which decreases oxygen demand. Influx of calcium ions leads to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. Decreased force of contraction leads to decreased oxygen demand. Vasoconstriction leads to improved cardiac output.
Vasodilation leads to decreased preload, which decreases oxygen demand.
___________ is used to treat warfarin overdose. Protamine sulfate Aspirin Vitamin K Adenosine Diphosphate
Vitamin K
Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant. What family of anticoagulant medications does this drug belong to? Direct thrombin inhibitors Indirect thrombin inhibitors Vitamin K antagonists Factor Xa inhibitors
Vitamin K antagonists
A patient with asthma is prescribed albuterol (Proventil) 2 puffs 3 times/day. The nurse should teach the patient to: Rinse the mouth after taking the prescribed dose Take an extra dose if breathing is compromised Wait 1 minute between puffs from the inhaler Take adequate amounts of calcium and vitamins
Wait 1 minute between puffs from the inhaler
What drug is the oldest oral anticoagulant? Warfarin Heparin Enoxaparin Clopidogrel
Warfarin
Which action by the nurse would be of greatest priority when a patient experiences five watery stools in 24 hours when prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)? Consult the prescriber for an order for stool for ova and parasite. Wash hands with soap and water after caring for the patient. Encourage oral intake of 2000 mL of fluids in 24 hours. Place the patient in isolation.
Wash hands with soap and water after caring for the patient.
Which lifestyle modifications are strongly encouraged in patients with primary hypertension? Select all that apply Weight loss Sodium restriction/ DASH eating plan Aerobic exercise Alcohol intake restriction Smoking cessation
Weight loss Sodium restriction/ DASH eating plan Aerobic exercise Alcohol intake restriction Smoking cessation
The most common reason for discontinuing ACE inhibitors is: excessive diuresis hypokalemia a cough first-dose hypertension
a cough
The major adverse effects of aminoglycosides are: nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. ototoxicity and cardiotoxicity. cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Heparin and other anticoagulant drugs dissolve existing thrombi. do not increase the risk of patient bleeding. are effective against venous thrombosis. are effective in preventing arterial thrombosis.
are effective against venous thrombosis.
The major complication of fibrinolytic therapy is a ventricular dysrhythmia. bleeding. bradycardia. hypotension.
bleeding.
A patient is prescribed vancomycin (Vancocin) orally for antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. The nurse will monitor the patient for: ototoxicity leukopenia red person syndrome liver impairment
ototoxicity
A patient with a history of a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin has an order to receive cephalosporin. The nurse should: administer the cephalosporin as ordered contact the healthcare provider for a different antibiotic administer a test dose of cephalosporin to determine reactivity have an epinephrine dose available when administering the cephalosporin
contact the healthcare provider for a different antibiotic
A patient is prescribed doxycycline (Vibramycin). If the patient complains of gastric irritation, the nurse should: Instruct the patient to take the medication with milk tell the patient to take an antacid with the medication give the patient food such as crackers or toast with the medication have the patient stop the medication immediately and contact the healthcare provider
give the patient food such as crackers or toast with the medication
Digoxin and other inotropic agents: increase heart rate decrease cardiac output increase the force of myocardial contraction decrease urine production
increase the force of myocardial contraction
The nurse caring for a patient who is receiving beta1 agonist drug therapy needs to be aware that these drugs cause which effect? increased cardiac contractility decreased heart rate bronchoconstriction increased GI tract motility
increased cardiac contractility
A patient asks the nurse what he can do to prevent influenza. What should the nurse do? teach the patient about antiviral medications instruct the patient to obtain an influenza vaccination tell the patient that frequent hand washing is effective have the patient wear a mask when in public areas
instruct the patient to obtain an influenza vaccination
Bactericidal antibiotics are used prophylactically. kill bacteria. cause drug resistance. suppress growth of bacteria.
kill bacteria.
A patient is prescribed acyclovir (Zovirax) by mouth. The nurse should assess the patient for which adverse effects associated with oral acyclovir therapy? stomatitis and gastritis nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Hives, difficulty breathing, and angioedema Tinnitus and decreased hearing
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
A patient is prescribed a beta blocker for a cardiac condition. You know this medication blocks the beta receptors in the body so ____________ and __________ cannot bind to the receptor site and elicit a _______ ________ _________ response. angiotensin II and angiotensin I; sympathetic nervous system dopamine and norepinephrine; parasympathetic nervous system norepinephrine and epinephrine; sympathetic nervous system dopamine and acetylcholine; parasympathetic nervous system
norepinephrine and epinephrine; sympathetic nervous system
A patient has been prescribed penicillin and gentamicin. The nurse understands that: penicillin and gentamicin work synergistically the gentamicin should be given with every 2nd dose of penicillin the penicillin will make the gentamicin less bactericidal the penicillin should be changed to a cephalosporin
penicillin and gentamicin work synergistically
Cardiac afterload is primarily determined by stroke volume. systemic filling pressure. peripheral resistance. myocardial contractility.
peripheral resistance.
Calcium channel blockers are useful in treating hypertension and angina pectoris because they: promote vasodilation promote excretion of sodium cause vasoconstriction increase myocardial contractility
promote vasodilation
A patient is prescribed cefixime (Suprax). The nurse should teach the patient to immediately report any signs of: Milk intolerance constipation, nausea, or vomiting headache, contusions, or seizures skin rash, hives, or itching
skin rash, hives, or itching
Fluoroquinolones should be discontinued immediately if: tendon pain or inflammation develop nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea are experienced dizziness, headache, or confusion occur theophylline is prescribed for asthma
tendon pain or inflammation develop
A patient is prescribed intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin) for a severe bacterial infection. To monitor for adverse effects of this medication, the nurse will teach the patient to immediately report blurred vision hand tremors urinary frequency tinnitus
tinnitus
The nurse is reviewing laboratory values from a patient who has been prescribed gentamicin (Garamycin). To prevent ototoxicity, the nurse will monitor serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels trough drug levels of gentamicin peak drug levels of gentamicin serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels
trough drug levels of gentamicin
The kidneys provide long-term control of arterial pressure by regulating angiotension II. water. potassium. peripheral resistance.
water.
A patient has been prescribed oral ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a skin infection. When administering the medication, the nurse will: monitor for a decrease in prothrombin time (PT) if the patient is also taking warfarin (Coumadin) withhold antacids and milk products for 6 hours before or 2 hours after observe for clinical manifestations of renal toxicity assess the skin for phytotoxicity reactions
withhold antacids and milk products for 6 hours before or 2 hours after
The healthcare provider prescribes lovastatin [Mevacor] for a patient discharged from the hospital post-myocardial infarction. Which instructions are most appropriate for the nurse to include in the patient's teaching plan? (Select all that apply.) • "Before starting this medication a blood test will be done to check your total cholesterol level and to measure liver enzymes." • "Do not start any new medications without first talking to your healthcare provider." • "Lower the total fat and saturated fat in your diet by increasing your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and whole grains." • "Take your medication in the morning, with a full glass of water for best results." • "Take one 325-mg aspirin 30 minutes before your dose to lessen the problem of flushing and itching that can occur with this drug."
• "Before starting this medication a blood test will be done to check your total cholesterol level and to measure liver enzymes." • "Do not start any new medications without first talking to your healthcare provider." • "Lower the total fat and saturated fat in your diet by increasing your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and whole grains."
