philosophy quiz 2

21. What was significant about the library built in Alexandria, Egypt?

A library in Alexandria housed the accumulated knowledge of the Greeks. The library operated until the seventh century of the Common Era, long after the fall of the Greek and Roman civilizations.

14. What is a mentor? Who is your mentor? Explain your reasoning.

A mentor is someone who teaches or gives help and advice to a less experienced and often younger person.

10. The text states that "Socrates knew how little he knew." What does that phrase mean?

A priest called the Oracle of Delphi pronounced Socrates the wisest man in Greece. Socrates concluded that while others professed knowledge they did not have, Socrates knew how little he knew. Socrates asked many questions, but he gave few answers. He often denied knowing the answers to the questions he asked.

19. Explain how Alexander rejected what Aristotle taught him about foreign cultures once the young general defeated Persia.

Alexander had encouraged a blending of eastern and western cultures when he had married a persian woman and urged his soldiers to follow his example. HE had adopted many Persian customs, including Persian dress.Alexander had encouraged a blending of eastern and western cultures when he had married a persian woman and urged his soldiers to follow his example. HE had adopted many persian customs, including Persian dress. Once Alexander conquered the Persians, he had a change of heart. Alexander adopted many Persian customs. He took the Persian title "King of Kings" and married one of the daughters King Darius abandoned on the battlefield.

15. Explain why the people of Athens considered Aristotle an outsider.

Aristotle was born in Macedonia, a mountainous land north of the Greek peninsula. At that time, many Greeks viewed Macedonia as an old fashioned land with no culture.

2. If you grew up in ancient Greece, how would you have learned the stories of Greek mythology?

Greek mythology is based on legends passed down through generations by word of mouth, so there are many versions of Greek mythology and not all of the stories agree with one another.

8. What is logic?

Greek philosophers developed logic, a step-by-step method of using reason to think through a problem.

17. What was significant about Aristotle's theory of logic?

He believed in using logic and reason to explain natural events in an era when most people believed storms and good harvests were a consequence of the anger or the pleasure of the gods.

20. What was the Hellenistic Civilization? Why was the Hellenistic Civilization important?

His career was brief because he died a young man, but Alexander's legacy was a blending of cultures we now call the Hellenistic civilization.

18. Explain why history remembers Alexander as "Alexander the Great?"

His student would one day be known as Alexander the Great, one of the greatest military conquerors of all time.

1. How were the Greek gods different from the gods of most other ancient cultures?

Like most ancient cultures, the ancient Greeks were polytheistic, but unlike other cultures, many of their gods looked and acted like human beings. The ancient Greeks believed their gods had unlimited powers, yet Greek gods married, had children, played tricks and fought great battles with one another. The ancient Greeks attributed natural disasters to conflicts among their gods.

16. Compare the philosophy of Plato to Aristotle

Plato believed that concepts had a universal form, an ideal form, which leads to his idealistic philosophy. Aristotle believed that universal forms were not necessarily attached to each object or concept, and that each instance of an object or a concept had to be analyzed on its own.

13. Do you agree or disagree with Plato's idea of a utopia? Explain your reasoning.

Plato saw his imperfect world and thought of ways he could improve society. Plato wrote about utopia. A utopia is an imaginary place where governments and social conditions are perfect. No government has ever adopted Plato's ideas, but his philosophy influenced leaders for over two thousand years. Plato argued in favor of an t;aristocracy of merit,; or rule by the best and the wisest people. Plato believed that government should raise all children so that everyone would have equal opportunities. Schools would test students on a regular basis. Students who did poorly would be sent to work, while those who did well would continue their studies. Plato believed a small group of intelligent and educated men and women should govern society. This small group would select the best and the brightest students to join them.

11. What is Rhetoric

Rhetoric is speech that is used to persuade someone.

9. What did Socrates mean when he said, "wisdom begin in wonder"?

Socrates believed that we all could find truth by thinking logically and trusting our inner voices. Socrates told his students that "wisdom begins in wonder."Because to wonder is to admit that you don't know. And to admit you don't know is the first step in knowing and then learning to apply that knowledge with good judgement -- that is wisdom.

7. What is reason?

The Greeks believed they could become wise by using reason. Reason is the ability to think clearly.

3. Who were the Titans? Why did the ancient Greeks believe the Titans lost power?

The Titans were giants who ruled over Greece from atop Mount Othrys. The giants were led by Cronus until he lost a great war with his children. The children of Cronus were called the Olympian Gods because they lived atop Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece.

6. What is philosophy? What does the term philosophy mean?

The ancient Greeks discussed, debated, and studied wisdom. This is called philosophy. The word philosophy comes from a Greek term meaning "the love of wisdom."

5. Zeus was the most powerful Greek god. What do his powers suggest the people of ancient Greece feared?

Zeus was also the god of rain who ruled the sky with his powerful thunderbolt. Ancient Greek farmers relied on the rain they believed came from Zeus, but they also feared the anger of Zeus during violent thunderstorms.

4. How were Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades related?

Zeus was the youngest son of Cronus and the head of the Olympian pantheon. Poseidon was said to be Zeus' brother and the ruler of the sea. A third brother named Hades ruled the underworld.