Philosophy (THE HUMAN PERSON IN SOCIETY)

Horticultural Society

A society primarily engages in the small-scale cultivation of plants, fruits, and vegetables and the domestication of animals.

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Jean Jacques Rousseau's idea on the social contract led him to advocate the concept of the 'GENERAL WILL." The people have empowered the government to act on their behalf, and that it is considered to be the best judge of what is most beneficial for society.

John Locke

John Locke proposed his own ideas on the social contract with a different assumption. Unlike Hobbes, Locke considered persons in their natural states as a more cooperative and reasonable, and that society is formed through the consent of the individuals that organized it. This concept is known as the CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED.

Social Contract Theory

Society is the means by which people seek to control their natural tendencies and impose order. Individuals who establish societies enter into a "SOCIAL CONTRACT" - an agreement where individuals SACRIFICE an amount of their freedom and SUBMIT TO A HIGHER AUTHORITY. In this way, society is able to function and meet the needs of many, ensuring the SURVIVAL OF HUMANITY. (Thomas Hobbes)

Hunting Society

This is recognized as the earliest and simplest form of society. People are nomadic because they spend most of their time searching for food and thus, have no permanent society.

Agricultural Society

This type of society is a further evolution of the pastoral and horticultural societies. Agriculture involves the large-scale and long-term cultivation of crops and domestication of animals. This society is characterized by improved technology.

Pastoral society

This type of society is characterized by the domestication of animals for food for a more stable and predictable food supply. Pastoral societies often produce surplus food and resources, which they trade with other societies.

Feudal Society

is based on the ownership of land. These arose out of developments in Western Europe during Medieval times, when rival kingdoms were engaged in conflict over resources, particularly land. Those who own land are considered the most powerful and influential members of society, while the peasants are considered the lowest group.

Industrial Society

is based on the use of specialized machinery in the production of goods and services. The advances in science and technology in the late 18th century resulted in the Industrial Revolution, which in turn gave rise to new production and industrial methods, as well as innovations in transportation and communication.