Phlebotomy Quiz Chapter 9

Heparin/saline lock

A catheter or cannula with a stopcock or cap and a diaphragm to provide access for administering medication or drawing blood.

A-line

A catheter that is placed in an artery.

Hemoconcentration

A decrease in the fluid content of the blood, with a subsequent increase in non-filterable large molecule - or protein based blood components such as red blood cells.

Bilirubin

A product of the breakdown of red blood cells.

Implanted Port

A small chamber attached to an in-dwelling line that is surgically implanted under the skin in the upper chest or arm.

Hematoma

A swelling or mass of blood (often clotted) such as that caused by blood leaking from a blood vessel during or following venipuncture.

Icteric

A term meaning 'marked by jaundice'; used to describe serum plasma, or urine specimens that have an abnormal deep yellow to yellow brown color due to high bilirubin levels.

Circadian

Biologic rhythms or variations having a 24-hour cycle.

Exsanguination

Blood loss to a point where life cannot be sustained.

CVAD

Central vascular access device.

Hemolysis

Damage or destruction of RBC's and release of hemoglobin into the fluid portion of a specimen, causing the serum color to range from pink (slight hemolysis) to red (gross hemolysis).

Diurnal

Happening daily.

PICC

Peripherally inserted central catheter

AV shunt/fistula/graft

Permanent surgical fusion or artificial connection of an artery and vein that is typically created to provide access for dialysis.

Edema

Swelling due to abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues.

Hemolyzed

The condition of serum or plasma that contains hemoglobin from broken RBC's.

Basal state

The resting metabolic state of the body early in the morning after fasting for a minimum of 12 hours.

jaundice

a condition characterized by increased bilirubin (a product of the breakdown of red blood cells) in the blood, leading to the deposition of yellow bile pigment in the skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae, giving the patient a yellow appearance.

masectomy

breast excision or removal

CVC

central venous catheter.

thrombosed

clotted- refers to a vessel that is affected by clotting

lipemic

describing serum or plasma that appears milky or turbid due to high lipid content.

sclerosed

hardened

Lipemia

increased lipid content in the blood.

syncope

medical term for fainting- the loss of consciousness and postural tone that results from insufficient blood flow to the brain.

reference ranges

normal laboratory test values for healthy individuals

lymphostasis

obstruction or stoppage of normal lymph flow

IV

of, pertaining to, or within, a vein.

preanalytical

prior to analysis

pre-examination

prior to analysis; term ISO uses in place of pre analytical

venous stasis

stagnation of normal blood flow

vasovagal

sudden faintness or loss of consciousness due to a nervous system response to abrupt pain, stress, or trauma.

petechiae

tiny, non raised red spots that appear on a patient's skin upon tourniquet application. Minute drops of blood that escape the capillaries and come to the surface of the skin below the tourniquet, most commonly as a result of capillary wall defects or platelet abnormalities.